文件系统
转载于 https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/LwNUvFb5j5acsNkMYH46qQ
ROS 的文件系统 是只在硬盘上 ROS源代码的组织形式:
架构释义:
WorkSpace
workspace 自定义的工作空间
- build
build 编译空间 ,用于存放CMake 和 catkin 的缓存信息 、配置信息, 和其他中间文件
- devel
devel 开发空间 ,用于存放编译后生成的文件 ,包括头文件 ,动态 & 静态链接库,可执行文件
- src
src 源代码
- - package
package 功能包 (ROS的基本单元 ,包含多个节点 ,库与配置文件 ,包含所有字母小写,只能由字母 数字 与下划线组成)
- - - CmakeLists.txt
CmakeLists.txt 配置 编译规则 ,比如源文件,依赖项 目标文件
- - - package.xml
package.xml 包信息,比如 包名 版本 作者 依赖项
(以前版本是 manifest.xml)
- - - scripts
scripts 存储python文件
— include
include 头文件
- - - msg
msg 消息通信格式文件
- - - srv
srv 服务通信格式文件
- - - action
action 动作格式文件
- - - lanuch
lanuch 可一次运行多个节点
- - - config
config 配置信息
- - CMakeLists.txt
CMakeLists.txt – 编译的基本配置
CMakeLists.txt 文件释义 (基本配置 )1
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.0.2)
# 所需 cmake 版本
project(ros02_hello_vscode)
# 包名称,会被 ${PROJECT_NAME} 的方式调用
------------------------------------------------------
## Find catkin macros and libraries
## if COMPONENTS list like find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS xyz)
## is used, also find other catkin packages
## `查找catkin宏和库
## 如果组件列表如find_package(catkin所需组件xyz)
## 是用过的,还可以找到其他的catkin包
-----------------------------------------------------------------
# 设置构建所需要的软件包
find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS
roscpp
rospy
std_msgs
geometry_msgs
message_generation
)
---------------------------------------------------------------
## System dependencies are found with CMake's conventions
# 默认添加系统依赖
# find_package(Boost REQUIRED COMPONENTS system)
----------------------------------------------------------------
## Uncomment this if the package has a setup.py. This macro ensures
## modules and global scripts declared therein get installed
## 如果包具有setup.py,则取消对此的注释。此宏确保安装其中声明的模块和全局脚本
## See http://ros.org/doc/api/catkin/html/user_guide/setup_dot_py.html
# 启动 python 模块支持
# catkin_python_setup()
-----------------------------------------------------------------
CMakeLists.txt 文件释义 (基本配置 )2
################################################
## Declare ROS messages, services and actions ##
## 声明 ROS 消息、服务、动作 ##
################################################
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
## To declare and build messages, services or actions from within this
## 要在此包中声明和生成消息、服务或操作,请执行以下步骤:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
## package, follow these steps:
## * Let MSG_DEP_SET be the set of packages whose message types you use in
## your messages/services/actions (e.g. std_msgs, actionlib_msgs, ...).
## * In the file package.xml:
## * add a build_depend tag for "message_generation"
## * add a build_depend and a exec_depend tag for each package in MSG_DEP_SET
## * If MSG_DEP_SET isn't empty the following dependency has been pulled in
## but can be declared for certainty nonetheless:
## * add a exec_depend tag for "message_runtime"
## *MSG_DEP_SET是您在中使用其消息类型的包集
## 您的消息/服务/操作(例如std_msgs、actionlib_msgs等)。
## *在package.xml文件中:
## *为“消息生成”添加构建依赖标记
## *为MSG_DEP_SET中的每个包添加build_depend和exec_depend标记
## *如果MSG_DEP_SET不为空,则已拉入以下依赖项
## 但可以肯定地宣布:
## *为“消息运行时”添加exec_dependen标记
-------------------------------------------------------------------
## * In this file (CMakeLists.txt):
## * add "message_generation" and every package in MSG_DEP_SET to
## find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS ...)
## * add "message_runtime" and every package in MSG_DEP_SET to
## catkin_package(CATKIN_DEPENDS ...)
## * uncomment the add_*_files sections below as needed
## and list every .msg/.srv/.action file to be processed
## * uncomment the generate_messages entry below
## * add every package in MSG_DEP_SET to generate_messages(DEPENDENCIES ...)
## *在此文件(CMakeLists.txt)中:
## *添加“消息生成”并将MSG_DEP_中的每个包设置为
## 查找包装(catkin所需组件…)
## *添加“message_runtime”并将MSG_DEP_中的每个包设置为
## 柳絮包装(catkin包装视情况而定)
## *根据需要取消注释下面的“添加文件”部分
## 并列出要处理的每个.msg/.srv/.action文件
## *取消注释下面的generate_messages条目
## *在MSG_DEP_SET中添加每个包以生成_消息(依赖项…)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Generate messages in the 'msg' folder
# 在“msg”文件夹中生成消息
add_message_files(
FILES
Topic.msg
)
## Generate services in the 'srv' folder
## 在“srv”文件夹中生成服务
# add_service_files(
# FILES
# Service1.srv
# Service2.srv
# )
## Generate actions in the 'action' folder
## 在“action”文件夹中生成操作
# add_action_files(
# FILES
# Action1.action
# Action2.action
# )
## Generate added messages and services with any dependencies listed here
# 生成消息、服务时的依赖包
generate_messages(
DEPENDENCIES
geometry_msgs
std_msgs
)
################################################
## Declare ROS dynamic reconfigure parameters ##
## 声明 ROS 动态参数配置 ##
################################################
## To declare and build dynamic reconfigure parameters within this
## package, follow these steps:
## * In the file package.xml:
## * add a build_depend and a exec_depend tag for "dynamic_reconfigure"
## * In this file (CMakeLists.txt):
## * add "dynamic_reconfigure" to
## find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS ...)
## * uncomment the "generate_dynamic_reconfigure_options" section below
## and list every .cfg file to be processed
## 若要在此包范围内声明和生成动态重新配置参数,请执行以下操作:
## *在package.xml文件中:
## *为“动态重新配置”添加构建依赖和执行依赖标记
## *在此文件(CMakeLists.txt)中:
## *将“dynamic_reconfigure”添加到
## 查找包装(catkin所需组件…)
## *取消注释下面的“generate_dynamic_reconfigure_options”部分
## 并列出要处理的每个.cfg文件
## Generate dynamic reconfigure parameters in the 'cfg' folder
## 在“cfg”文件夹中生成动态重新配置参数
# generate_dynamic_reconfigure_options(
# cfg/DynReconf1.cfg
# cfg/DynReconf2.cfg
# )
###################################
## catkin specific configuration ##
## catkin 特定配置 ##
###################################
## The catkin_package macro generates cmake config files for your package
## Declare things to be passed to dependent projects
## INCLUDE_DIRS: uncomment this if your package contains header files
## LIBRARIES: libraries you create in this project that dependent projects also need
## CATKIN_DEPENDS: catkin_packages dependent projects also need
## DEPENDS: system dependencies of this project that dependent projects also need
## catkin_package宏为包生成cmake配置文件
## 声明要传递给依赖项目的内容
## INCLUDE_DIRS:如果packages包含头文件,请取消对此的注释
## 库:在此项目中创建的依赖项目也需要的库
## CATKIN_DEPENDS:依赖CATKIN_packages的项目也需要
## 依赖项:依赖项目也需要的此项目的系统依赖项
# 运行时依赖
catkin_package(
INCLUDE_DIRS include
LIBRARIES hello_vscode
CATKIN_DEPENDS roscpp rospy std_msgs geometry_msgs
DEPENDS system_lib
message_runtime
)
###########
## Build ##
###########
## Specify additional locations of header files
## Your package locations should be listed before other locations
# 添加头文件路径,当前程序包的头文件路径位于其他文件路径之前
include_directories(
# include
${catkin_INCLUDE_DIRS}
)
## Declare a C++ library
# 声明 C++ 库
# add_library(${PROJECT_NAME}
# src/${PROJECT_NAME}/hello_vscode.cpp
# )
## Add cmake target dependencies of the library
## as an example, code may need to be generated before libraries
## either from message generation or dynamic reconfigure
# 添加库的 cmake 目标依赖
# add_dependencies(${PROJECT_NAME} ${${PROJECT_NAME}_EXPORTED_TARGETS} ${catkin_EXPORTED_TARGETS})
## Declare a C++ executable
## With catkin_make all packages are built within a single CMake context
## The recommended prefix ensures that target names across packages don't collide
# 声明 C++ 可执行文件
add_executable(hello_vs_c src/hello_vs_c.cpp)
add_executable(ssy_c src/ssy_c.cpp)
## Rename C++ executable without prefix
## The above recommended prefix causes long target names, the following renames the
## target back to the shorter version for ease of user use
## e.g. "rosrun someones_pkg node" instead of "rosrun someones_pkg someones_pkg_node"
# 重命名c++可执行文件
# set_target_properties(${PROJECT_NAME}_node PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME node PREFIX "")
## Add cmake target dependencies of the executable
## same as for the library above
# 添加可执行文件的 cmake 目标依赖
add_dependencies(ssy_c ${PROJECT_NAME}_generate_messages_cpp)
## Specify libraries to link a library or executable target against
# 指定库、可执行文件的链接库
target_link_libraries(hello_vs_c
${catkin_LIBRARIES}
)
target_link_libraries(ssy_c
${catkin_LIBRARIES}
)
#############
## Install 安装 ##
#############
# all install targets should use catkin DESTINATION variables
# See http://ros.org/doc/api/catkin/html/adv_user_guide/variables.html
## Mark executable scripts (Python etc.) for installation
## in contrast to setup.py, you can choose the destination
# 设置用于安装的可执行脚本
catkin_install_python(PROGRAMS
scripts/hello_vscode_p.py
DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_BIN_DESTINATION}
)
## Mark executables for installation
# 标记要安装的可执行文件
## See http://docs.ros.org/melodic/api/catkin/html/howto/format1/building_executables.html
# install(TARGETS ${PROJECT_NAME}_node
# RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_BIN_DESTINATION}
# )
## Mark libraries for installation
## 标记要安装的库
## See http://docs.ros.org/melodic/api/catkin/html/howto/format1/building_libraries.html
# install(TARGETS ${PROJECT_NAME}
# ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_LIB_DESTINATION}
# LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_LIB_DESTINATION}
# RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CATKIN_GLOBAL_BIN_DESTINATION}
# )
## Mark cpp header files for installation
## 标记要安装的cpp头文件
# install(DIRECTORY include/${PROJECT_NAME}/
# DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_INCLUDE_DESTINATION}
# FILES_MATCHING PATTERN "*.h"
# PATTERN ".svn" EXCLUDE
# )
## Mark other files for installation (e.g. launch and bag files, etc.)
## 标记要安装的其他文件(例如,启动和打包文件等)
# install(FILES
# # myfile1
# # myfile2
# DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_SHARE_DESTINATION}
# )
#############
## Testing ##
#############
## Add gtest based cpp test target and link libraries
## 添加基于gtest的cpp测试目标和链接库
# catkin_add_gtest(${PROJECT_NAME}-test test/test_hello_vscode.cpp)
# if(TARGET ${PROJECT_NAME}-test)
# target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME}-test ${PROJECT_NAME})
# endif()
## Add folders to be run by python nosetests
## 添加要由python测试运行的文件夹
# catkin_add_nosetests(test)
Package.xml文件释义
(功能包(ROS基本单元)包含多个节点、库与配置文件,包名所有字母小写,只能由字母、数字与下划线组成):
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!-- 格式: 以前是 1,推荐使用格式 2 -->
<package format="2">
<!-- 包名 -->
<name>ros02_hello_vscode</name>
<!-- 版本 -->
<version>0.0.0</version>
<!-- 描述信息 -->
<description>The ros02_hello_vscode package</description>
<!-- 需要一个维护人员标签,允许多个,每个标签一人 -->
<!-- 例如: -->
<!-- <maintainer email="jane.doe@example.com">Jane Doe</maintainer> -->
<!-- 维护者 -->
<maintainer email="joes@todo.todo">joes</maintainer>
<!-- 需要一个许可证标签,允许多个,每个标签一个许可证 -->
<!-- 常用的许可证字符串 : -->
<!-- BSD, MIT, Boost Software License, GPLv2, GPLv3, LGPLv2.1, LGPLv3 -->
<!-- 许可证信息,ROS核心组件默认 BSD -->
<license>TODO</license>
<!-- Url标记是可选的,但允许多个,每个标记一个 -->
<!-- 可选属性类型可以是:网站、bugtracker或存储库 -->
<!-- 例如: -->
<!-- <url type="website">http://wiki.ros.org/hello_vscode</url> -->
<!-- 作者标记是可选的,允许多个,每个标记一个 -->
<!-- 作者不必是维护者,但也可以是维护者 -->
<!-- 例如: -->
<!-- <author email="jane.doe@example.com">Jane Doe</author> -->
<!-- *依赖标记用于指定依赖项-->
<!-- 依赖项可以是catkin包或系统依赖项-->
<!-- 示例:-->
<!-- 使用depend作为生成依赖项和执行依赖项包的快捷方式-->
<!-- <depend>roscpp</depend>-->
<!-- 请注意,这相当于以下内容:-->
<!-- <build_depend>roscpp</build_depend>-->
<!-- <exec_depend>roscpp</exec_depend>-->
<!-- 对编译时需要的包使用build_depend:-->
<!-- <build_depend>message_generation</build_depend>-->
<!-- 对需要的包使用build_export_depend,以便根据此包进行生成:-->
<!-- <build_export_depend>message_generation</build_export_depend>-->
<!-- 使用buildtool_depend于构建工具包:-->
<!-- <buildtool_depend>catkin</buildtool_depend>-->
<!-- 对于运行时需要的包,请使用exec_depend:-->
<!-- <exec_depend>message_runtime</exec_depend>-->
<!-- 对仅用于测试的软件包使用test_depend:-->
<!-- <test_depend>gtest</test_depend>-->
<!-- 对仅用于生成文档的包使用doc_depend:-->
<!-- <doc_depend>doxygen</doc_depend>-->
<!-- 依赖的构建工具,这是必须的 -->
<buildtool_depend>catkin</buildtool_depend>
<!-- 指定构建此软件包所需的软件包 -->
<build_depend>roscpp</build_depend>
<build_depend>rospy</build_depend>
<build_depend>std_msgs</build_depend>
<build_depend>geometry_msgs</build_depend>
<!-- 指定根据这个包构建库所需要的包 -->
<build_export_depend>roscpp</build_export_depend>
<build_export_depend>rospy</build_export_depend>
<build_export_depend>std_msgs</build_export_depend>
<build_export_depend>geometry_msgs</build_export_depend>
<!-- 运行该程序包中的代码所需的程序包 -->
<exec_depend>roscpp</exec_depend>
<exec_depend>rospy</exec_depend>
<exec_depend>std_msgs</exec_depend>
<exec_depend>geometry_msgs</exec_depend>
<exec_depend>message_runtime</exec_depend>
<!-- 导出标记包含其他未指定的标记-->
<export>
<!-- 其他工具可以请求在此处放置其他信息-->
</export>
</package>