Lua学习之10：面向对象与继承-优快云博客

本文通过实例展示了简单的面向对象函数与继承概念，包括成员方法的定义和调用，以及如何创建具有特定属性的对象。

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1、简单的面向对象函数

function create(name,id)
        local obj = {name = name,id = id}

        function obj:setName(name)
                self.name = name;
        end

        function obj:getName()
                return self.name
        end

        function obj:setId(id)
                self.id = id
        end

        function obj:getId()
                return self.id
        end
        return obj
end
local myCreate = create("Yuxikuo",123)

print("myCreate's name:",myCreate:getName(),"myCreate's id:",myCreate.getId(myCreate))

myCreate:setId(000)
myCreate:setName("Pac")

print("myCreate's name:",myCreate:getName(),"myCreate's id:",myCreate:getId())

成员方法的定义：

function obj:method(a1,a2,...) ...end 等价于function obj.method(self,a1,a2,...) ...end还等价于obj.method = function(self,a1,a2,...) ...end

成员方法的调用
obj:method(a1,a2,...)等价于obj.method(obj,a1,a2,...)

2、简单继承

local function CreateRobot(name,id)
        local obj = {name = name, id = id}

        function obj:setName(name)
                self.name = name
        end

        function obj:getName()
                return self.name
        end
        function obj:setId(id)
                self.id = id
        end

        function obj:getId()
                return self.id
        end
        return obj
end

local function createFootballRobot(name,id,position)
        local obj = CreateRobot(name,id)
        obj.position = position

        function obj:setPosition(p)
                self.position = p
        end

        function obj:getPosition()
                return self.position
        end

        return obj
end

local mycreateFootballRobot = createFootballRobot("Tom",1000,"广州")
print("mycreateFootballRobot's name:",mycreateFootballRobot:getName(),"mycreate's id:",mycreateFootballRobot:getId(),mycreateFootballRobot:getPosition())

mycreateFootballRobot:setName("XXX")
mycreateFootballRobot:setId(1990)
mycreateFootballRobot:setPosition("北京")
print("mycreateFootballRobot's name:",mycreateFootballRobot:getName(),"myCreate's id:",mycreateFootballRobot:getId(),mycreateFootballRobot:getPosition())

简单继承的特点是不够动态，

1和2的运行结果如下：