2023 年 12 月大学英语四级考试真题（第 1 2 3 套）——解析版——篇章题

🏠个人主页：fo安方的博客✨
💂个人简历：大家好，我是fo安方，目前中南大学MBA在读，也考取过HCIE Cloud Computing、CCIE Security、PMP、CISP、RHCE、CCNP RS、PEST 3等证书。🐳
💕兴趣爱好：b站天天刷，题目常常看，运动偶尔做，学习需劳心，寻觅些乐趣。🎐
💅欢迎大家：这里是优快云，是我记录我的日常学习，偶尔生活的地方，喜欢的话请一键三连，有问题请评论区讨论。🌺
🥣导读页：这是英语~英语四级考试所有专栏的导航页→英语—四级CET4，记得收藏哟，阅读无烦恼。🌊
🥣专栏：欢迎订阅→英语~四级CET4考试——入栏需看，考试不迷路！🌊
🐥希望本文能够给读者带来一定的帮助~🌸文章粗浅，敬请批评指正！🐥

2023 年 12 月大学英语四级考试真题（第 1 套）

Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

【听力原文】

  [16] Artificial intelligence agents play ever more influential roles in our lives.They do everything from suggesting new friends to recommending purchases.They’re even beginning to drive our cars.Another role that they are expected to take over is negotiating on our behalf in commercial transactions or legal disputes.[17] So,it’s important to know whether using an artificial intelligence agent might affect how we negotiate.Research indicates that it does.In a new study,participants were told to imagine that they were negotiating for something important to them,like a house.Next, they were told either that they would negotiate for themselves,or they would program an artificial intelligence agent to negotiate for them.Participants then completed a survey indicating how tough,deceptive and pleasant or otherwise they wanted to be,or wanted their agent to be,in the negotiations.For example,participants could choose to be tough by making an opening demand far greater than what they’d be willing to accept.They could also choose to express sympathy with their opponent to appear pleasant.But they could also indicate that they—or their agent—would strategically express anger toward the opponent to gain advantage,or they could opt to convey dissatisfaction with the encounter so that the other party would think they were losing interest.These are both examples of deceptive strategies.[18] Participants were more willing to employ deceptive strategies when assigned an agent to negotiate on their behalf.

2023-12-01-16.

16. A. They are more intelligent than many of us.
    C. They have begun to affect our social behavior.
    B. They have already become our new friends.
    D. They play increasingly more important roles.

16.What does the passage say about artificial intelligence agents?
关于人工智能代理，这篇文章说了什么?
A.  它们比我们中的许多人都聪明。
B.  它们已经成为我们的新朋友了。
C.  它们已经开始影响我们的社交行为。
D.  它们发挥着越来越重要的作用。

文章开头提到，人工智能代理在我们的生活中扮演着比以往任何时候都更有影响力的角色。由此可知，人工智能代理发挥着越来越重要的作用。选项D 与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。文章中提到，人工智能代理会为我们推荐新朋友，并不是说人工智能代理已经成为我们的新朋友了，故排除选项B。选项A 和C 文章中均未提及，故排除。

2023-12-01-17.

17. A. Whether it might have any effect on the way we negotiate.
    B. Whether it might actually outperform human negotiators.
    C. Whether it can facilitate business transactions.
    D. Whether it can speed up legal procedures.

17.What does the new study want to find out about using an artificial inteligence agent? 
关于使用人工智能代理，这项新研究想要发现什么?
A. 它是否可能对我们的谈判方式产生任何影响。 
B. 它是否真的可能胜过人类谈判者。  
C. 它是否能为商业交易提供便利。         
D. 它是否可以加快法律程序。

文章中提到，了解使用人工智能代理是否会影响我们的谈判方式是很重要的。接下来详细介绍了这项新研究的发现。选项A与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。选项B 、C和D文章中均未提及，故排除。

2023-12-01-18.

18. A. Choose to be tough.
    B. Sympathize with their opponent.
    C. Use deceptive strategies.
    D. Appear to be pleasant.

18. What did participants tend to do when assigned an AI agent to negotiate on their behalf? 
当参与者被指派一名人工智能代理代表他们进行谈判时，他们倾向于做什么?
A. 选择强硬。                             
B. 同情他们的对手。         
C. 使用迷惑性策略。          
D. 显得友善。

文章最后提到，当被指派代理人代表他们进行谈判时，参与者更愿意采用迷惑性策略。选项C与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。选项A、B和D均为根据文章内容设置的干扰项，故排除。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

【听力原文】

  New research has studied the effects of a seven-week healthy cooking course.Academics measured the program’s effect on cooking confidence and self-perceived mental health.Researchers also measured participants’overall satisfaction around cooking and diet-related behaviors.
  What were the findings?Course participants saw significant improvements in general health.They also reported improved mental health and subjective vitality immediately after the program.[19] These benefits remained six months after the completion of the course.
  What caused these improvements?Researchers have previously found a link between eating more fruits and vegetables,and improved longer term mental health.This would imply that the participants in the current study may have felt better due to improved diet.
  However,the study showed participants’mental health improved even if their reported diet did not change after completing the program.Also,the mental health benefits were equal among participants who were overweight or obese, and those in a healthy weight range.[20] This suggests a link between cooking confidence and satisfaction around cooking,and mental health benefits.
  [21] Who benefits most from learning to cook?Gender plays a part.At the start of the program,77 per cent of female participants were confident about cooking,but just 23 per cent of males were confident.At the end of the program,cooking confidence and skill were equal across both counterparts.This change in confidence could lead to a gender balance in home cooking.This in turn could reduce consumption of unhealthy,high-calorie processed meals.

2023-12-01-19.

19. A. They were perceived differently by some academics.
    B. They still existed six months after the course ended.
    C. They varied greatly among the course participants.
    D. They were only measurable within seven weeks.

19.What do we learn about the benefits the participants gained from the healthy cooking course? 
关于参与者从健康烹饪课程中获得的好处，我们了解到什么?
A.  一些学者对它们的看法不同。             
B.  课程结束六个月后，它们仍然存在。  
C.  它们在课程参与者之间的差异很大。     
D.  它们只能在七周内测量出来。

文章中提到，这些好处在课程结束后六个月仍然存在。选项B与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。文章中未提及其余三项，故排除。

2023-12-01-20.

20. A. They can be easily seen among participants in a healthy weight range.
    B. They should be attributed to participants’ change in diet behaviors.
    C. They are linked to cooking confidence and cooking satisfaction.
    D. They actually result from eating more fruits and vegetables.

20.What do the new research findings suggest about mental health benefits?
关于心理健康的益处，新的研究结果表明了什么?
A. 在健康体重范围内的参与者身上可以很容易看到它们。
B. 它们应该归因于参与者饮食行为的变化。 
C. 它们与烹饪信心和烹饪满意度有关。      
D. 它们实际上是因为吃了更多的水果和蔬菜。  

文章中提到，在超重或肥胖的参与者和健康体重范围内的参与者中，心理健康方面的益处是相同的，这表明烹饪自信、烹饪满意度和心理健康益处之间存在联系。选项C与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。即使参与者报告的饮食在完成该课程后没有改变，但是他们的心理健康状况也有所改善，故排除选项B。研究人员此前发现，多吃水果和蔬菜与改善长期心理健康之间存在联系，不过这是此前的研究发现，故排除选项D。选项A文章中未提及，故排除。

2023-12-01-21.

21. A. Gender.
    B. Confidence.
    C. Health.
    D. Practice.

21.What plays a role in determining who benefits most from learning to cook?
什么因素决定了谁从学习烹饪中获益最多?
A.  性别。                                 
B.  信心。   
C.  健康。                              
D.  实践。

文章中提到，谁从学习烹饪中获益最多呢?性别起了一定的作用。选项A与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。选项B和C是根据文章中出现的cooking confidence和mentalhealth设置的干扰项，D项文章中未提及故均排除。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

【听力原文】
  [22] What is personal space?We often think of it as an invisible bubble of space surrounding us that others can’t enter,without causing discomfort.Research shows,however,that we actually have bubbles of different sizes.Each of these bubbles applies to a different set of people.
  The smallest zone,called “intimate space”,extends outward from our bodies 18 inches in every direction. Only family,pets and one’s closest friends may enter it.[23]A mere acquaintance entering our intimate space makes us uncomfortable.Next is the bubble called"personal space",extending from 1.5 feet to 4 feet away.Friends and acquaintances can comfortably occupy this zone,especially during informal conversations,but strangers are forbidden. [24] Extending from 4 to 12 feet away from us is"social space".Here people feel comfortable conducting routine social interactions with new acquaintances or total strangers.
  Those are the average sizes of American’s personal bubbles,anyway.It is important to keep in mind that personal space varies depending on culture and context.Furthermore,there are significant individual differences.As we all know,cultural or individual differences in personal bubble diameters are all too often the cause of discomfort.How did these personal bubbles arise?According to research,we begin to develop our individual sense of personal space around age 3 or 4.[25] The sizes of our bubbles are fixed by our teens.These bubbles are constructed and monitored by the brain region involved in fear.

2023-12-01-22.

22. A. It keeps others away.
    B. It causes discomfort.
    C. It remains visible.
    D. It varies in size.

22.What does research show about our personal space?
关于我们的个人空间，研究表明了什么?
A.  它让其他人远离。                       
B.  它会引起不适。
C.  它仍然可见。                         
D.  它的大小各不相同。

文章开头提到，我们通常认为个人空间是我们周围的一个无形的空间泡泡，其他人无法进入，也不会引起不适，然而，研究表明，我们实际上有不同大小的泡泡。选项D与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。

2023-12-01-23.

23. A. It makes us feel uncomfortable.
    B. It renders the acquaintance a stranger.
    C. It brings the acquaintance closer to us.
    D. It causes the bubble around us to vanish.

23.What happens if a mere acquaintance enters our intimate space?
如果仅仅是相识之人进入我们的亲密空间，会发生什么?
A. 这让我们感到不舒服。
B. 它使相识之人变成了陌生人。
C. 它拉近了熟人与我们的距离。
D. 它导致我们周围的泡泡消失。

文章中提到，最小的区域，被称为“亲密空间”，从我们的身体向外各个方向延伸18英寸。只有家人、宠物和最亲密的朋友才能进入。仅仅是相识之人进入我们的亲密空间会让我们感到不舒服。选项A与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。

2023-12-01-24.

24. A. In personal space.
    B. In social space.
    C. Within a distance of 18 inches.
    D. Over 2 feet away from one another.

24.Where do people feel comfortable interacting with new acquaintances or strangers? 
人们在哪里与新认识的人或陌生人互动会感到舒适?
A.  在个人空间。                           
B.  在社交空间。  
C.  在18英寸的距离内。                         
D.  彼此相距超过2英尺。

文章中提到，4到12英尺的距离是“社交空间”，在这里，人们与新认识的人或完全陌生的人进行日常社交活动，会感到自在。选项B 与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。

2023-12-01-25.

25. A. When we begin to feel fear.
    B. When we develop a sense of space.
    C. When we are 3 or 4 years old.
    D. When we enter our teens.

25.When are the sizes of our bubbles fixed?
我们泡泡的大小是在什么时候固定下来的?
A. 当我们开始感到恐惧的时候。
B. 当我们培养出一种空间意识。
C. 当我们三四岁的时候。
D. 当我们进入青少年时期。

文章最后提到，我们泡泡的大小是在青少年时期固定的。选项D与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。根据研究，我们在3岁或4岁左右开始发展个人空间意识，因此排除选项B和C。选项A文章中未提及，故排除。