A guide to connecting Matlab with OpenCV

最新推荐文章于 2020-02-28 18:10:07 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2020-02-28 18:10:07 发布 · 1.1k 阅读

OpenCV专题同时被 2 个专栏收录

70 篇文章

订阅专栏

Matlab

1 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文介绍如何在Matlab中使用OpenCV进行图像处理，包括配置环境、编译MEX文件及两个示例：加载并平滑图像，以及通过Matlab变量输入输出图像。

A guide to connecting Matlab with OpenCV

from: https://sites.google.com/site/georgeevangelidis/matlab_opencv

This webpage provides a short guide to connecting Matlab with OpenCV.

Matlab provides a MEX environment in order to write C functions instead of M-files. Recall that MEX (Matlab-EXecutable) files are dynamically linked subroutines from C/C++ code (or Fortran code) that, when compiled, can be run from within Matlab like M-files. Hence, MEX environment offers a way to call your custom C/C++ routines as if they were Matlab built-in function. A detailed MEX Guide is offered by MathWorks HERE

The following description presupposes that, except for Matlab, OpenCV is installed in your system. Note that connection has been verified in a 64-bit machine with Win7 (cl compiler of VC++ 2008), OpenCV2.1 and 32-bit Matlab R2009b. If you have installed a 64-bit Matlab version, try to use OpenCV 2.3 (or 2.3.1) that offers a prebuilt library for both 32-bit and 64-bit systems. Otherwise you sould re-build the libraries from source-code using the proper generator (32-bit or 64 bit). Note that 32-bit Matlab works in 64-bit machines as well.

I provide below two examples of MEX-files that use OpenCV functions. The first example is the simplest case where no input/output arguments are required. For example, image loading is called from within the function and the MEX file returns nothing (it just displays the result). The second case is more interesting since input and output arguments are Matlab variables. The Sun Peng's types convertor that provides bidirectional conversion between C/C++ (OpenCV)types and matlab matrices is used by this case.

Example 1: A simple MEX file without input/output arguments that uses simple OpenCV modules


/*******************************************************************
 This is a simple MEX file. It just calls openCV functions for loading,
smothing and diaplaying the results
********************************************************************/
 
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <opencv/cv.h>
#include <opencv/highgui.h>
 
#include "mex.h"
 
int smoothImage(char* filename){
 
    //load the image
    IplImage* img = cvLoadImage(filename);
    if(!img){
        printf("Cannot load image file: %s\n",filename);
    return -1;
    }
 
    //create another image
    IplImage* img_smooth = cvCloneImage(img);
 
    //smooth the image img and save the result to img_smooth
    cvSmooth(img, img_smooth, CV_GAUSSIAN, 5, 5);
 
    // create windows to show images
    cvNamedWindow("Original Image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
    cvMoveWindow("Original Image", 100, 100);
    cvNamedWindow("Smoothed Image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
    cvMoveWindow("Smoothed Image", 400, 400);
 
    // show the images
    cvShowImage("Original Image", img );
    cvShowImage("Smoothed Image", img_smooth );
 
    // wait for a key
    cvWaitKey(0);
 
    //destroy windows
    cvDestroyWindow("Original Image");
    cvDestroyWindow("Smoothed Image");
 
    //release images
    cvReleaseImage(& img);
    cvReleaseImage(& img_smooth);
 
    return 0;
};
 
void mexFunction(int nlhs, mxArray* plhs[], int nrhs, const mxArray* prhs[]){
    if (nrhs != 0) {
        mexErrMsgTxt("Do not give input arguments.");
    }
    if (nlhs != 0) {
        mexErrMsgTxt("Do not give output arguments.");
    }
    char *name = "cameraman.png";
    smoothImage(name);
}

Let us suppose that the above code is saved to  displayImage.cpp file. Since this file makes use of OpenCV header files, the compiler must be informed with the appropriate include directories. Moreover, in order to produce the executable file, the necessary libraries should be given.

There are two ways to define the required compilation flags:

1. by pre-editing the MEXOPTS.BAT file

2. by defining paths and libraries with the mex command

By editing the MEXOPTS.BAT file

Note: After Matlab R2014, mexopts.bat file has been replaced by an xml file, e.g. mex_C++_maci64.xml for setting C++ compiler on Mac 64bit. In what follows, mexopts.bat file has been considered.

When you choose a compiler after running mex -setup an appropriate batch file is created containing all required settings the compilation needs. This is the file mexopts.ba t and in order to find it, type in Matlab Command Window:

>> fullfile(prefdir,'mexopts.bat')

Edit the above file and follow the next steps:
1. set the OpenCV path based on your installation, i.e.
SET OCVDIR=C:\OpenCV2.1

2. Find the INCLUDE variable definition (SET INCLUDE) and add the path that contains the OpenCV include folder (the folder that contains the header files cv.h, cxcore.h etc)
%OCVDIR%\include\opencv
%OCVDIR%\include

3. Find the LIB variable definition (SET LIB) and add the path that contains the OpenCV libraries (*.lib files)
%OCVDIR%\lib

4. Find the LINKFLAGS variable definition (SET LINKFLAGS) and add the standard .lib files of OpenCV (here of OpenCV 2.1)
cv210.lib
cxcore210.lib
highgui210.lib
cxcore210.lib

After editing, just run

>> mex displayImage.cpp

and the file displayImage.mexw32 (or *.mexw64) will be created. Then, you can call the Matlab function displayImage without arguments and it will show the image that is loaded within the source (here is the image cameraman.png).

By defining paths and libs with the `mex` command

Alternatively, you can define the paths and libraries anytime you call the mex command. For example, say that your source file needs the header files cv.h, highgui.h and cxcore.h as above. Then you need to define the include directory using the flag -I and the three .lib files.

>> OCVRoot = C:\OpenCV2.1; >> IPath = ['-I',fullfile(OCVRoot,'include')]; >> LPath = fullfile(OCVRoot, 'lib'); >> lib1 = fullfile(LPath,'cv210d.lib'); >> lib2 = fullfile(LPath,'cxcore210d.lib'); >> lib3 = fullfile(LPath,'highgui210d.lib'); >> mex('displayImage.cpp', Ipath, lib1, lib2, lib3);

Then, you can show the image in Matlab as described above.

Example 2: A MEX file with input/output arguments that uses OpenCV

I consider the above example of image smoothing but now the input and output images are matlab variables. A Gaussian filter is adopted, the size of which is given with two more input parameters (height, width). As I mentioned above, I make use of Sun Peng's type convertor to switch between mxArray and IplImage structures or other C/C++ data types (find HERE only the appropriate files).


/*******************************************************************
 This is a simple MEX file that accepts as inputs an image and the
 size of a Gausian filter(two parameters). Then it applies the filter
 to the image by calling the OpenCV function cvSmooth and returns the 
 filtered image to a matlab variable.
********************************************************************/

#include <opencv/cv.h>
#include <opencv/highgui.h>
#include <opencv/cxcore.h>

#ifndef HAS_OPENCV
#define HAS_OPENCV
#endif

#include "mex.h"
#include "mc_convert.h"
#include "mc_convert.cpp"

void mexFunction(int nlhs, mxArray *plhs[], int nrhs,
        const mxArray *prhs[]) {
    
    //Read Matlab image and load it to an IplImage struct
    IplImage* inputImg = mxArr_to_new_IplImage(prhs[0]);
    
    //Read the filter parameters
    double filterHeight, filterWidth;
    mat_to_scalar (prhs[1], &filterHeight);
    mat_to_scalar (prhs[2], &filterWidth);
            
    //smooth the input image and save the result to outputImg
    IplImage* outputImg = cvCloneImage(inputImg);
    cvSmooth(inputImg, outputImg, CV_GAUSSIAN, filterWidth, filterHeight);
    
    //Return output image to mxArray (Matlab matrix)
    plhs[0] = IplImage_to_new_mxArr(outputImg);
    cvReleaseImage(&inputImg);
    cvReleaseImage(&outputImg);
    
}

Note that Matlab-to-OpenCV convertor needs to define the symbol name HAS_OPENCV to the C preprocessor. I define it in the source code, but one can either add the switch -DHAS_OPENCV to mex command or edit the COMPFLAGS definition in MEXOPTS.BAT (find the SET COMPFLAGS line) and add the /DHAS_OPENCV flag.

Given that the source is saved to the file smoothImage.cpp, you just need to compile it and run it. The command

>> mex smoothImage.cpp

will create the file smoothImage.mexw32. Then, you can run the Matlab function as follows

>> im = imread('cameraman.png'); >> filterHeight = 7; >> filterWidth = 7; >> outImage = smoothImage(im, filterHeight, filterWidht);

Good Luck!