【边缘检测】基于sobel、prewit、canny算法实现图像边缘检测含Matlab源码

1 简介

图像边缘是图像的最基本的特征.所谓边缘,就是指图像局部强度变化最明显的部分,存在于区域与区域,目标与目标,目标与背景,基元与基元之间,包含有图像处理中用于识别的关键信息.边缘检测是数字图像处理中,最基础也是最重要的环节之一. 本文介绍了3种经典的边缘检测算子,包括Sobel算子,Canny算子,Prewitt算子检测方法.并且利用MATLAB系统所提供的相关函数等,对同一副图像结合用这些不同的算子分别进行处理,分析并得到他们处理图像的特点. 

2 部分代码

function varargout = aaa(varargin)% AAA MATLAB code for aaa.fig%      AAA, by itself, creates a new AAA or raises the existing%      singleton*.%%      H = AAA returns the handle to a new AAA or the handle to%      the existing singleton*.%%      AAA('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local%      function named CALLBACK in AAA.M with the given input arguments.%%      AAA('Property','Value',...) creates a new AAA or raises the%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are%      applied to the GUI before aaa_OpeningFcn gets called.  An%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application%      stop.  All inputs are passed to aaa_OpeningFcn via varargin.%%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one%      instance to run (singleton)".%% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES% Edit the above text to modify the response to help aaa% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 10-Jul-2016 21:47:39% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDITgui_Singleton = 1;gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...                   'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...                   'gui_OpeningFcn', @aaa_OpeningFcn, ...                   'gui_OutputFcn',  @aaa_OutputFcn, ...                   'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...                   'gui_Callback',   []);if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})    gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});end​if nargout    [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});else    gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});end% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT​% --- Executes just before aaa is made visible.function aaa_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.% hObject    handle to figure% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% varargin   command line arguments to aaa (see VARARGIN)% Choose default command line output for aaahandles.output = hObject;% Update handles structureguidata(hObject, handles);% UIWAIT makes aaa wait for user response (see UIRESUME)% uiwait(handles.figure1);​% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.function varargout = aaa_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);% hObject    handle to figure% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Get default command line output from handles structurevarargout{1} = handles.output;​% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)global I[filename,pathname]=uigetfile({'*.jpg';'*.bmp';'*.tif'},'选择图片');str=[pathname,filename];I=imread(str);axes(handles.axes1);imshow(I)% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject    handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)clc,clear,close all% --- Executes on button press in radiobutton3.function radiobutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject    handle to radiobutton3 (see GCBO)% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hint: get(hObject,'Value') returns toggle state of radiobutton3global Iset(handles.radiobutton3, 'Value', 1);set(handles.radiobutton4, 'Value', 0);set(handles.radiobutton5, 'Value', 0);set(handles.radiobutton6, 'Value', 0);​axes(handles.axes1);imshow(I)​% --- Executes on button press in radiobutton4.function radiobutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject    handle to radiobutton4 (see GCBO)% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hint: get(hObject,'Value') returns toggle state of radiobutton4global Iset(handles.radiobutton3, 'Value', 0);set(handles.radiobutton4, 'Value', 1);set(handles.radiobutton5, 'Value', 0);set(handles.radiobutton6, 'Value', 0);axes(handles.axes1);BW=edge(rgb2gray(I),'sobel');imshow(BW)​% --- Executes on button press in radiobutton5.function radiobutton5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject    handle to radiobutton5 (see GCBO)% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hint: get(hObject,'Value') returns toggle state of radiobutton5global Iset(handles.radiobutton3, 'Value', 0);set(handles.radiobutton4, 'Value', 0);set(handles.radiobutton5, 'Value', 1);set(handles.radiobutton6, 'Value', 0);axes(handles.axes1);BW=edge(rgb2gray(I),'canny');imshow(BW)% --- Executes on button press in radiobutton6.function radiobutton6_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject    handle to radiobutton6 (see GCBO)% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hint: get(hObject,'Value') returns toggle state of radiobutton6global Iset(handles.radiobutton3, 'Value', 0);set(handles.radiobutton4, 'Value', 0);set(handles.radiobutton5, 'Value', 0);set(handles.radiobutton6, 'Value', 1);axes(handles.axes1);BW=edge(rgb2gray(I),'prewitt');imshow(BW)​% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function text1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject    handle to text1 (see GCBO)% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called​

3 仿真结果

4 参考文献

[1]吴曦. 基于MATLAB的图像边缘检测算法的研究和实现[D]. 吉林大学​

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