leetcode 80. Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array II

博客围绕排序数组去重问题展开,要求每个元素最多重复两次,且在原数组上操作。介绍了使用双指针算法解决该问题的思路,包括指针起始位置、元素比较和移动规则等,还给出了不同版本的实现逻辑。

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Given a sorted array nums, remove the duplicates in-place such that duplicates appeared at most twice and return the new length.

Do not allocate extra space for another array, you must do this by modifying the input array in-place with O(1) extra memory.

Example 1:

Given nums = [1,1,1,2,2,3],

Your function should return length = 5, with the first five elements of nums being 1, 1, 2, 2 and 3 respectively.

It doesn’t matter what you leave beyond the returned length.
Example 2:

Given nums = [0,0,1,1,1,1,2,3,3],

Your function should return length = 7, with the first seven elements of nums being modified to 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3 and 3 respectively.

It doesn’t matter what values are set beyond the returned length.

给出一个sorted数组,只允许每个元素最多重复两次,问这种情况下数组的长度可以压缩到多少。不能用额外的数组来保存,必须在原数组上改动元素,在返回的长度范围内数字要是正确的(sorted,元素最多重复两次)。

思路:
因为不能分配额外的空间,所以只有把后面的元素向前移,被移动的元素位置和移动到的位置需要两个指针,所以考虑双指针。

指针的开始位置从第3个元素开始,因为前两个元素就算重复也无所谓,不需要改动。

用指针index表示现在指向的元素,last表示将要移动到的位置,即最后一个重复元素的后面
因为last表示重复元素的后面一个,所以
把nums[index]和nums[last - 1], nums[last - 2]比较,

比如[1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3], 开始时index和last都指向第3个1
nums[index]和nums[last - 1], nums[last - 2]比较发现都相同,这时候说明现在的1是需要去掉的,所以保持last在当前位置不变,方便后面的元素移动到这里把1去掉,index++
index移动到第1个2,和nums[last - 1], nums[last - 2]比较发现不全相同,这时候说明该元素不是和前两个重复的,移动过去不会造成连续重复,所以把当前index指的2移动到last的位置
移动完以后index++, last++

直到index到达右边界

    public int removeDuplicates(int[] nums) {
        if (nums == null) {
            return 0;
        }
        
        if (nums.length < 3) {
            return nums.length;
        }
        
        int index = 2;
        int last = 2;
        
        while (index < nums.length) {
            if (nums[index] != nums[last - 1] || nums[index] != nums[last - 2]) {
                nums[last] = nums[index];
                last ++;
            }
            index ++;
        }
        return last;
    }

版本2,index指需要替换掉的数字位置,i是遍历数组的下标。
i 和index都从下标2开始,因为是排好序的数组,只需要把当前数字nums[i] 和 nums[index - 2]比较,而忽略掉nums[index - 1], 因为如果nums[i] == nums[index - 2], 而且是升序的,就证明这俩数字之间的数字都是和它们相等的,所以需要替换掉Index处
如果nums[i] > nums[index - 2] (注:只有大于,等于两种情况, 因为是升序的),那么要么情况(1) nums[index -2] 和 nums[index -1]相等, 而与nums[i]不等,最多有两个相等,所以不需要替换,情况(2)都不相等,也不需要替换
因此只有 nums[i] == nums[index - 2] 时是需要替换元素的,替换完后index++

    public int removeDuplicates(int[] nums) {
        if(nums == null) {
            return 0;
        }
        
        if(nums.length <= 2) {
            return nums.length;
        }
        
        int index = 2;
        for(int i = 2; i < nums.length; i++) {
            if(nums[i] > nums[index - 2]) {
                nums[index] = nums[i];
                index ++;
            }
        }
        
        return index;
    }
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