Convert Sorted List to Binary Search Tree

方案1:找中间结点作为root + recursively 建立左右子树

1)快慢指针法找中间结点mid,作为root,

2)  recursive problem: head 到 prev 这一段链表建立左子树, mid->next 到结尾这一段链表建立右子树

复杂度分析:T(n) = 2T(n/2) + n/2 应该是 (n/2) * lgn

 

TreeNode *sortedListToBST(ListNode *head) {
        // write your code here
        if(head==NULL) return NULL;
        if(head->next==NULL) return new TreeNode(head->val);
        auto p=head,q=head,preP=head;
        while(q && q->next)
        {
            preP=p;
            p=p->next;
            q=q->next->next;
        }
        preP->next=NULL;
        auto root = new TreeNode(p->val);
        root->left=sortedListToBST(head);
        root->right=sortedListToBST(p->next);
        return root;
    }

 

方案2:自底向上

定义一个函数 ListNode * sortedListToBST(ListNode *head, int start, int end),含义为:将start和end对应的结点转化成二叉树,同时指针推进到end之后

1)建立左子树,同时链表指针推进过处理过的结点

2)当前结点所为root

3)  建立右子树,同时链表指针推进过处理过的结点

 

TreeNode *sortedListToBST(ListNode *head) {
        // write your code here
        int n = 0;
        for (auto p = head; p; p = p->next) ++n;
        return sortedListToBST(head, 0, n - 1);
    }
    
    TreeNode* sortedListToBST(ListNode* &head, int start, int end) {
        if (start > end) return NULL;
        int mid = start + (end - start) / 2;
        auto left = sortedListToBST(head, start, mid - 1);
        auto root = new TreeNode(head->val);
        root->left = left;
        head = head->next;
        root->right = sortedListToBST(head, mid + 1, end);
        return root;
    }

 

在链表上用到了数组场景的start, end,mid,很是新颖。其作用是在top-down的时候划分好子树,自底向上构建tree的时候按照这个轨迹回溯就好了。

 

 

 

【Solution】 To convert a binary search tree into a sorted circular doubly linked list, we can use the following steps: 1. Inorder traversal of the binary search tree to get the elements in sorted order. 2. Create a doubly linked list and add the elements from the inorder traversal to it. 3. Make the list circular by connecting the head and tail nodes. 4. Return the head node of the circular doubly linked list. Here's the Python code for the solution: ``` class Node: def __init__(self, val): self.val = val self.prev = None self.next = None def tree_to_doubly_list(root): if not root: return None stack = [] cur = root head = None prev = None while cur or stack: while cur: stack.append(cur) cur = cur.left cur = stack.pop() if not head: head = cur if prev: prev.right = cur cur.left = prev prev = cur cur = cur.right head.left = prev prev.right = head return head ``` To verify the accuracy of the code, we can use the following test cases: ``` # Test case 1 # Input: [4,2,5,1,3] # Output: # Binary search tree: # 4 # / \ # 2 5 # / \ # 1 3 # Doubly linked list: 1 <-> 2 <-> 3 <-> 4 <-> 5 # Doubly linked list in reverse order: 5 <-> 4 <-> 3 <-> 2 <-> 1 root = Node(4) root.left = Node(2) root.right = Node(5) root.left.left = Node(1) root.left.right = Node(3) head = tree_to_doubly_list(root) print("Binary search tree:") print_tree(root) print("Doubly linked list:") print_list(head) print("Doubly linked list in reverse order:") print_list_reverse(head) # Test case 2 # Input: [2,1,3] # Output: # Binary search tree: # 2 # / \ # 1 3 # Doubly linked list: 1 <-> 2 <-> 3 # Doubly linked list in reverse order: 3 <-> 2 <-> 1 root = Node(2) root.left = Node(1) root.right = Node(3) head = tree_to_doubly_list(root) print("Binary search tree:") print_tree(root) print("Doubly linked list:") print_list(head) print("Doubly linked list in reverse order:") print_list_reverse(head) ``` The output of the test cases should match the expected output as commented in the code.
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