26、5G 车联网(VANET)中的 DDoS 攻击检测

5G 车联网(VANET)中的 DDoS 攻击检测

1. 引言

车联网(VANET)是智能交通系统(ITS)的关键部分,它能帮助车辆节点交换重要且可能挽救生命的信息。VANET 的发展起源于 1999 年,当时美国联邦通信委员会为专用短程通信(DSRC)分配了 5.9 GHz 频段的 75 MHz 带宽。2001 年,ASTM 标准委员会将 IEEE 802.11a 定为 DSRC 的工作协议,2004 年,IEEE 对 802.11a 协议进行了修订,并将其发展为车联网的无线接入(WAVE)标准。

VANET 的主要应用包括为乘客提供安全保障和为驾驶员提供更好的驾驶条件。它能为驾驶员提供附近医院、加油站、道路拥堵等重要信息,从而节省生命和资源。

VANET 由路边固定单元(RSU)和配备车载单元(OBU)的移动车辆组成。车辆可以通过 OBU 与其他相邻节点(V2V)或 RSU(V2I)进行通信,通信方式可以是“单跳”(两个相邻车辆之间)或“多跳”(车辆转发接收到的消息)。RSU 还可以用于增加通信范围或连接车辆数据到云服务器。

然而,由于 VANET 使用无线通信,容易受到各种网络攻击,其中分布式拒绝服务(DDoS)攻击会影响 V2V 和 V2I 通信,使车辆节点无法处理来自邻居的信息,也无法向邻居传输重要信息,从而影响乘客的安全。

2. 相关工作

5G 通信网络为物联网、云计算和雾计算等带来了低延迟、高带宽等诸多好处,但同时也增加了网络攻击的风险。以下是一些针对 5G 车联网的安全措施:
- Gu 等人 :提出了一种基于雾计算的 VANET 恶意节点检测方法,通过簇

Originally reactive protocols were not design for the characteristic of highly mobility during route discovery. Due to dynamically modification to the VANET this changes very often due to breakdown which causing excessive broadcasting and flooding the entire network in order for new routes to be discovered. In additional, the initial of routing need some time and this latency can easily change everything. Due to these reasons, the typical reactive protocols, in their current format, do not totally appropriate for time critical applications such as cooperative collision avoidance (CCA). The Cooperative Collision Avoidance is an important class of safety applications in VANETs, which aims at offering earlier warning to drivers using vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication [13]. Ad Hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) is an reactive routing protocolwhich capable of both unicast and multicast. In AODV, like all reactive protocols,topology information is only transmitted by nodes on-demand. When source hassomething to send then initially it propagates RREQ message which is forwarded byintermediate node until destination is reached. A route reply message is unicastedback to the source if the receiver is either the node using the requested address, or ithas a valid route to the requested address. This repository provides a MATLAB simulaiton of VANET enviornment and rsults comparison in terms of throughput, packet drop ratio etc. More information can be reached at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2QeSYOgJo9s&t=32s
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