本文详细介绍如何在Unity中通过配置文件动态设置UDP服务器的IP和端口号，实现客户端与服务器之间的UDP通信。包括创建配置文件、读取配置信息、实现UDP服务器功能及数据处理流程。
步骤
1.为了能够方便实现动态修改Udp服务端Ip和端口号功能，在这里首先加一个读取配置文件的功能，首先在工程中新建一个StreamingAssets文件夹，在里面新建一个Config.txt文件，切记要将其保存为UTF-8文件，如下图所示： 2.在Config.txt中输入如下内容，确定UdpServer和IP和端口号，以及客户端的端口号，如下图所示： 3.完成ComfigTest.cs脚本，将该脚本挂载到场景中的物体上，脚本代码如下所示： `using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; using System.IO; using System;
public class ConfigTest : MonoBehaviour { private string configPath;
public
Dictionary
<
string
,
Dictionary
<
string
,
string
>
>
dic
;
// Use this for initialization
void
Awake
(
)
{
//读取配置文件(StreamingAssets)路径
configPath
=
Path
.
Combine
(
Application
.
streamingAssetsPath
,
"Config.txt"
)
;
if
(
dic
==
null
)
{
dic
=
new
Dictionary
<
string
,
Dictionary
<
string
,
string
>
>
(
)
;
LoadConfig
(
)
;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 处理所有的数据
/// </summary>
private
void
LoadConfig
(
)
{
string
[
]
lines
=
null
;
if
(
File
.
Exists
(
configPath
)
)
{
lines
=
File
.
ReadAllLines
(
configPath
)
;
BuildDic
(
lines
)
;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 处理所有的数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="lines"></param>
void
BuildDic
(
string
[
]
lines
)
{
string
mainKey
=
null
;
//主键
string
subKey
=
null
;
//子键
string
subValue
=
null
;
//值
foreach
(
var
item
in
lines
)
{
string
line
=
null
;
line
=
item
.
Trim
(
)
;
//去除空白行
if
(
!
string
.
IsNullOrEmpty
(
line
)
)
{
if
(
line
.
StartsWith
(
"["
)
)
//取主键
{
mainKey
=
line
.
Substring
(
1
,
line
.
IndexOf
(
"]"
)
-
1
)
;
dic
.
Add
(
mainKey
,
new
Dictionary
<
string
,
string
>
(
)
)
;
}
else
//取子键
{
var
configValue
=
line
.
Split
(
new
char
[
]
{
'='
}
,
StringSplitOptions
.
RemoveEmptyEntries
)
;
subKey
=
configValue
[
0
]
.
Trim
(
)
;
subValue
=
configValue
[
1
]
.
Trim
(
)
;
subValue
=
subValue
.
StartsWith
(
"\""
)
?
subValue
.
Substring
(
1
)
:
subValue
;
dic
[
mainKey
]
.
Add
(
subKey
,
subValue
)
;
}
}
}
}
}
4.接着实现UdpServer功能，首先创建UdpServer.cs脚本，脚本代码如下所示，完成后将此脚本挂载到场景中的物体上：
using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; using System; using System.Net; using System.Net.Sockets; using UnityEngine.SceneManagement; using UnityEngine.UI; using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace ImmerUDP { public class UdpServer : MonoBehaviour { [Header("本地端口"), SerializeField] private int localPort;
[
Header
(
"目标端口"
)
,
SerializeField
]
private
int
endPort
;
[
Header
(
"打开接收功能"
)
]
public
bool
openReceive
=
true
;
[
Header
(
"打开发送功能"
)
]
public
bool
openSend
=
true
;
//服务器Socket对象
private
Socket
serverSocket
;
//udp客户端socket
private
UdpClient
client
;
private
EndPoint
epSender
;
private
IPEndPoint
endPoint
;
//接收数据的字符串
private
byte
[
]
ReceiveData
=
new
byte
[
1024
]
;
//配置文件管理类
public
ConfigTest
configTest
;
//点击进入游戏的字符串
private
string
ToGameString
;
//显示接收的信号
public
string
receiveString
=
""
;
//对应IP地址
private
string
serverIP
;
//是否可以接收字符串
public
bool
isCanReceive
=
true
;
//接收到的数据显示Text
public
Text
reciveText
;
// Use this for initialization
void
Start
(
)
{
BeginString
(
)
;
StartCoroutine
(
ToBeginSocket0
(
)
)
;
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化配置文件
/// </summary>
void
BeginString
(
)
{
localPort
=
int
.
Parse
(
configTest
.
dic
[
"端口号"
]
[
"本地"
]
)
;
endPort
=
int
.
Parse
(
configTest
.
dic
[
"端口号"
]
[
"对应"
]
)
;
serverIP
=
configTest
.
dic
[
"IP"
]
[
"ip0"
]
;
ToGameString
=
configTest
.
dic
[
"UDP"
]
[
"进入游戏"
]
;
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化Socket的协程
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
IEnumerator
ToBeginSocket0
(
)
{
yield
return
new
WaitForSeconds
(
0.1f
)
;
ToBeginSocket
(
)
;
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化Socket
/// </summary>
void
ToBeginSocket
(
)
{
if
(
openReceive
)
{
//服务器Socket对实例化
serverSocket
=
new
Socket
(
AddressFamily
.
InterNetwork
,
SocketType
.
Dgram
,
ProtocolType
.
Udp
)
;
//Socket对象服务器的IP和端口固定
serverSocket
.
Bind
(
new
IPEndPoint
(
IPAddress
.
Any
,
localPort
)
)
;
//监听的端口和地址
epSender
=
(
EndPoint
)
new
IPEndPoint
(
IPAddress
.
Any
,
0
)
;
//开始异步接收数据
serverSocket
.
BeginReceiveFrom
(
ReceiveData
,
0
,
ReceiveData
.
Length
,
SocketFlags
.
None
,
ref
epSender
,
new
AsyncCallback
(
ReceiveFromClients
)
,
epSender
)
;
}
if
(
openSend
)
{
client
=
new
UdpClient
(
)
;
//目标端口和地址
endPoint
=
new
IPEndPoint
(
IPAddress
.
Parse
(
serverIP
)
,
endPort
)
;
}
}
// Update is called once per frame
void
Update
(
)
{
UdpControl
(
)
;
}
/// <summary>
/// 异步加载，处理数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="iar"></param>
void
ReceiveFromClients
(
IAsyncResult
iar
)
{
int
reve
=
serverSocket
.
EndReceiveFrom
(
iar
,
ref
epSender
)
;
//数据处理
string
str
=
System
.
Text
.
Encoding
.
UTF8
.
GetString
(
ReceiveData
,
0
,
reve
)
;
//把得到的数据传给数据处理中心
serverSocket
.
BeginReceiveFrom
(
ReceiveData
,
0
,
ReceiveData
.
Length
,
SocketFlags
.
None
,
ref
epSender
,
new
AsyncCallback
(
ReceiveFromClients
)
,
epSender
)
;
receiveString
=
str
;
//BytesToStruct(iar,epSender);
//reciveText.text = str;
}
/// <summary>
/// 发送数据主函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dataStr"></param>
void
Send
(
string
dataStr
)
{
if
(
!
openSend
)
return
;
byte
[
]
SendData
=
System
.
Text
.
Encoding
.
UTF8
.
GetBytes
(
dataStr
)
;
client
.
Send
(
SendData
,
SendData
.
Length
,
endPoint
)
;
}
/// <summary>
/// 关闭Socket
/// </summary>
public
void
SocketQuit
(
)
{
if
(
serverSocket
!=
null
)
{
serverSocket
.
Close
(
)
;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 应用关闭时关闭Socket
/// </summary>
private
void
OnApplicationQuit
(
)
{
SocketQuit
(
)
;
}
/// <summary>
/// 当关闭此对象时关闭Socket
/// </summary>
private
void
OnDisable
(
)
{
SocketQuit
(
)
;
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收UDP控制函数
/// </summary>
public
void
UdpControl
(
)
{
if
(
isCanReceive
)
{
reciveText
.
text
=
receiveString
;
//BytesToStruct(receiveString);
if
(
receiveString
==
ToGameString
)
{
//SceneManager.LoadScene("Loading");
//gameControl.BeginGame();
isCanReceive
=
false
;
}
}
}
}
} ` 5.为了便于查看Udp客户端传来的数据，需要在场景中建立如下所示Text，用于显示udp客户端传进来的字符串： 6.将刚刚建立的text组件拖拽到挂载着udpServer的物体上，如下图所示： 7.打开网络测试工具，选择Udp客户端，配置如下图所示： 8.运行工程，在网络测试工具中发送信息，可以看到服务器端收到了信息，如下图所示： 9.项目各种连接：
项目Demo
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