光伏发电园区管理系统 - Three.js + Django 实现方案

光伏发电园区管理系统 - Three.js + Django 实现方案

我将设计一个基于Three.js和Django的光伏发电园区管理系统，包含3D可视化、实时监控和数据分析功能。

系统架构设计

技术栈与依赖

• 前端：

  • Three.js (r128) - 3D渲染
  • Chart.js - 数据可视化
  • Bootstrap 5 - UI框架
  • WebSocket - 实时数据更新

• 后端：

  • Django 4.0
  • Django REST Framework
  • Django Channels (WebSocket支持)
  • PostgreSQL (带PostGIS扩展)
  • Celery (任务队列)

• 其他依赖：

  • pandas - 数据分析
  • numpy - 数值计算
  • requests - 外部API调用

实现步骤

1. Django 项目设置

# 创建虚拟环境
python -m venv env
source env/bin/activate

# 安装依赖
pip install django djangorestframework django-channels channels-redis celery pandas numpy requests psycopg2

# 创建项目
django-admin startproject pv_management
cd pv_management
django-admin startapp dashboard

2. 数据库模型设计 (dashboard/models.py)

from django.contrib.gis.db import models
from django.contrib.postgres.fields import JSONField

class SolarPark(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    location = models.PointField()
    capacity = models.FloatField()  # 总容量 (MW)
    installation_date = models.DateField()
    
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class PanelArray(models.Model):
    park = models.ForeignKey(SolarPark, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='arrays')
    array_id = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    panel_type = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    panel_count = models.IntegerField()
    orientation = models.FloatField()  # 方位角 (0-360)
    tilt = models.FloatField()  # 倾斜角 (0-90)
    position = models.PointField()
    installation_date = models.DateField()
    
    def __str__(self):
        return f"{
     
     self.park.name} - Array {
     
     self.array_id}"

class PanelData(models.Model):
    array = models.ForeignKey(PanelArray, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='data')
    timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    temperature = models.FloatField()  # 面板温度 (°C)
    voltage = models.FloatField()  # 输出电压 (V)
    current = models.FloatField()  # 输出电流 (A)
    power = models.FloatField()  # 输出功率 (W)
    efficiency = models.FloatField()  # 转换效率 (%)
    status = models.CharField(max_length=20, choices=[
        ('normal', '正常'),
        ('degraded', '性能下降'),
        ('fault', '故障'),
        ('maintenance', '维护中')
    ])
    weather_data = JSONField(null=True, blank=True)  # 存储天气数据
    
    @property
    def energy(self):
        # 计算发电量 (kWh)
        return (self.power * 0.001)  # 假设1小时数据
    
    def __str__(self):
        return f"{
     
     self.array} @ {
     
     self.timestamp}"

class MaintenanceLog(models.Model):
    array = models.ForeignKey(PanelArray, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    description = models.TextField()
    technician = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    resolved = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    
    def __str__(self):
        return f"维护记录 - {
     
     self.array} @ {
     
     self.timestamp}"

3. Django 视图与API (dashboard/views.py)

from rest_framework import viewsets, generics
from rest_framework.response import Response
from .models import SolarPark, PanelArray, PanelData, MaintenanceLog
from .serializers import (
    SolarParkSerializer, 
    PanelArraySerializer, 
    PanelDataSerializer, 
    MaintenanceLogSerializer
)
from django.contrib.gis.geos import Point
from django.utils import timezone
from datetime import timedelta
import pandas as pd

class SolarParkViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = SolarPark.objects.all()
    serializer_class = SolarParkSerializer

class PanelArrayViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = PanelArray.objects.all()
    serializer_class = PanelArraySerializer

class PanelDataViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = PanelData.objects.all()
    serializer_class = PanelDataSerializer

class MaintenanceLogViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = MaintenanceLog.objects.all()
    serializer_class = MaintenanceLogSerializer

class ParkSummaryAPI(generics.RetrieveAPIView):
    def get(self, request, park_id):
        park = SolarPark.objects.get(id=park_id)
        arrays = park.arrays.all()
        
        # 当前发电数据
        current_data = PanelData.objects.filter(
            array__park=park, 
            timestamp__gte=timezone.now()-timedelta(minutes=5)
        ).order_by('-timestamp')
        
        # 计算总发电量
        total_power = sum([d.power for d in current_data])
        total_energy = sum([d.energy for d in current_data])
        
        # 效率分析
        efficiencies = [d.efficiency for d in current_data]
        avg_efficiency = sum(efficiencies) / len(efficiencies) if efficiencies else 0
        
        # 状态统计
        status_counts = current_data.values('status').annotate(count=models.Count('id'))
        
        return Response({
   
   
            'park': SolarParkSerializer(park).data,
            'total_power': total_power,
            'total_energy': total_energy,
            'avg_efficiency': avg_efficiency,
            'status_distribution': status_counts,
            'arrays': PanelArraySerializer(arrays, many=True).data
        })

class HistoricalDataAPI(generics.RetrieveAPIView):
    def get(self, request, array_id):
        time_range = request.GET.get('range', '24h')  # 默认24小时
        
        if time_range == '24h':
            delta = timedelta(hours=24)
        elif time_range == '7d':
            delta = timedelta(days=7)
        elif time_range == '30d':
            delta = timedelta(days=30)
        else:
            delta