Python打卡DAY6

@浙大疏锦行

DAY6任务 学习数据可视化

先跟着做一遍

1.查看数据有什么特征

import pandas as pd
data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')
data.head()

2. 借助select_dtypes方法找到连续特征

continuous_features = data.select_dtypes(include=['float64', 'int64']).columns.tolist()
continuous_features

3. 初步绘制箱线图

import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd


sns.boxplot(x=data['Annual Income'])
plt.title('Annual Income 的箱线图')
plt.xlabel('Annual Income')
plt.show()

结果发现输出了奇怪的空格 

4.解决上一步问题的方法

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
import pandas as pd

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']

plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

sns.boxplot(x=data['Annual Income'])
plt.title('年收入 箱线图')  
plt.xlabel('年收入')      
plt.show()

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei'] 可设置全局字体支持中文

plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False 解决负号变成方块

5.绘制直方图

sns.histplot(x=data['Years in current job'])
plt.title('在当前工作年限 直方图')
plt.xlabel('在当前工作年限')
plt.ylabel('员工数量')
plt.xticks(rotation=45, ha='right')  
plt.tight_layout() 
plt.show()

plt.tight_layout() 可自动调整坐标轴 不会让坐标轴上的字体挤在一起

plt.xticks(rotation=45, ha='right') 向右旋转45度

6.针对离散标签连续特征绘制箱线图  Credit Default 分为0与1 即违约和不违约

plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))
sns.boxplot(x='Credit Default', y='Annual Income', data=data)
plt.title('Annual Income vs. Credit Default')
plt.xlabel('Credit Default')
plt.ylabel('Annual Income')
plt.show()

7.绘制Annual Income与Credit Default关系图 可直观展现二者变动

8.由于离散变量Number of Open Accounts 有多个变量 绘制其与标签Credit Default关系的横坐标会挤在一起 需要在代码中进行分组data['Open Accounts Group'] = pd.cut(data['Number of Open Accounts'], bins=[0, 5, 10, 15, 20, float('inf')], labels=['0-5', '6-10', '11-15', '16-20', '20+'])

data['Open Accounts Group'] = pd.cut(data['Number of Open Accounts'], bins=[0, 5, 10, 15, 20, float('inf')], labels=['0-5', '6-10', '11-15', '16-20', '20+']) 
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
sns.countplot(x='Open Accounts Group', hue='Credit Default', data=data)
plt.title('Number of Open Accounts (Grouped) vs. Credit Default')
plt.xlabel('Number of Open Accounts Group')
plt.ylabel('Count')
plt.show()

9.尝试绘制其他图像 Number of。。