【STM32单片机_(HAL库)】6-4【串口通信UART、USART】串口接收不定长数据（接收中断）

最新推荐文章于 2025-09-30 11:04:35 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-09-30 11:04:35 发布 · 852 阅读

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#单片机 #stm32 #嵌入式硬件

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1.硬件

STM32单片机最小系统

2.软件

main.c程序

#include "sys.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "led.h"
#include "uart1.h"

int main(void)
{
    HAL_Init();                         /* 初始化HAL库 */
    stm32_clock_init(RCC_PLL_MUL9);     /* 设置时钟, 72Mhz */
    led_init();                         /* 初始化LED灯 */
    uart1_init(115200);

    while(1)
    { 
        uart1_receiv_test();
        delay_ms(10);
    }
}

uart1.c程序

#include "uart1.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"

uint8_t uart1_rx_buf[UART1_RX_BUF_SIZE];
uint16_t uart1_rx_len = 0;
uint16_t uart1_cnt = 0, uart1_cntPre = 0;

UART_HandleTypeDef uart1_handle = {0};
void uart1_init(uint32_t baudrate)
{
    uart1_handle.Instance = USART1;
    uart1_handle.Init.BaudRate = baudrate;
    uart1_handle.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
    uart1_handle.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
    uart1_handle.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
    uart1_handle.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
    uart1_handle.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
    HAL_UART_Init(&uart1_handle);
}

void HAL_UART_MspInit(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
    if(huart->Instance == USART1)
    {
        __HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_ENABLE();
        __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE(); 
        GPIO_InitTypeDef gpio_initstruct;
        
        //调用GPIO初始化函数
        gpio_initstruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_9;          // 两个LED对应的引脚
        gpio_initstruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;             // 推挽输出
        gpio_initstruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;                     // 上拉
        gpio_initstruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;           // 高速
        HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &gpio_initstruct);
        
        gpio_initstruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_10;          // 两个LED对应的引脚
        gpio_initstruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_INPUT;             // 推挽输出
        HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &gpio_initstruct);
        
        HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(USART1_IRQn);
        HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(USART1_IRQn, 2, 2);
        
        __HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(huart, UART_IT_RXNE);
    }
}

void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
    uint8_t receive_data = 0;
    if(__HAL_UART_GET_FLAG(&uart1_handle, UART_FLAG_RXNE) != RESET)
    {
        if(uart1_cnt >= sizeof(uart1_rx_buf))
            uart1_cnt = 0;
        HAL_UART_Receive(&uart1_handle, &receive_data, 1, 1000);
        uart1_rx_buf[uart1_cnt++] = receive_data;//保存数据
        //uart1_cnt++;
        //HAL_UART_Transmit(&uart1_handle, &receive_data, 1, 1000);
    }
}

int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
    while((USART1->SR & 0X40) == 0);
        
    USART1->DR = (uint8_t)ch;
    return ch;
}

uint8_t uart1_wait_receive(void)
{
    if(uart1_cnt == 0)
        return UART_ERROR;//返回错误代码
    
    if(uart1_cnt == uart1_cntPre)
    {
        uart1_cnt = 0;
        return UART_EOK;
    }
    
    uart1_cntPre = uart1_cnt;
    return UART_ERROR;
}

void uart1_rx_clear(void)
{
    memset(uart1_rx_buf, 0, sizeof(uart1_rx_buf));
    uart1_rx_len = 0;
}

void uart1_receiv_test(void)//接收数据
{
    if(uart1_wait_receive() == UART_EOK)//如果数据接收完整，打印出来
    {
        printf("recv: %s\r\n", uart1_rx_buf);
        uart1_rx_clear();//打印出来后清空数据
    }
}

uart1.h程序

#ifndef __USART_H__
#define __USART_H__

#include "sys.h"

#define UART1_RX_BUF_SIZE  128
#define UART1_TX_BUF_SIZE  64

#define UART_EOK        0
#define UART_ERROR      1
#define UART_ETIMEOUT   2
#define UART_EINVAL     3

void uart1_init(uint32_t baudrate);
void uart1_receiv_test(void);

#endif