Given a list of non-negative numbers and a target integer k, write a function to check if the array has a continuous subarray of size at least 2 that sums up to a multiple of k, that is, sums up to n*k where n is also an integer.
Example 1:
Input: [23, 2, 4, 6, 7], k=6
Output: True
Explanation: Because [2, 4] is a continuous subarray of size 2 and sums up to 6.
Example 2:
Input: [23, 2, 6, 4, 7], k=6
Output: True
Explanation: Because [23, 2, 6, 4, 7] is an continuous subarray of size 5 and sums up to 42.
解析:
Subarray Sum -> 总是想到prefix sum
是k的整数倍 -> 那么我们来统计所有被k除的余数的情况,余数相等,那两者的差肯定是k的整数倍
- 一开始用int[] c = new int[k] 把所有k的余数都统计一下,但是当k太大的时候就memory exceeds了
用数组存和用hashmap存本质上是一样的,改成用hashmap存 - 注意看此题的一个关键是size至少为2. 一开始想到的办法是求出总个数, 减去单个数能被k整除的(size==1). 更好的做法是记录之前出现这个余数的index, index相差大于1, size就可以大于1。
Take away:
“size 必须要大于k” -> 两个index必须要大于k
记录之前出现的index
public boolean checkSubarraySum(int[] nums, int k) {
int sum = 0;
HashMap < Integer, Integer > map = new HashMap < > (); //<前缀和%k, 最早出现的Index>
map.put(0, -1);//presum 问题,想象一下前面有个-1 的index, 和为0
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
sum += nums[i];
if (k != 0)
sum = sum % k;
if (map.containsKey(sum)) {
if (i - map.get(sum) > 1) //相隔大于1,那么这个subarray长度至少为2
return true;
} else
map.put(sum, i);
}
return false;
}