5、敏捷开发基础：价值观、原则与实践

敏捷开发基础：价值观、原则与实践

1. 敏捷的本质：价值观与原则

很多人对敏捷存在误解，常认为敏捷是一种方法、流程、实践或工具。实际上，敏捷是一套价值观和原则，代表着一种思维状态，即敏捷思维。流程和方法只是在机械层面帮助实现敏捷，而真正的敏捷需要文化的转变，愿意适应敏捷思维。

敏捷软件开发宣言（Agile Manifesto）是理解敏捷思维的关键。2001 年，十七位作者签署了这 73 字的宣言：
Manifesto for Agile Software Development
We are uncovering better ways of developing software by doing it and helping
others do it. Through this work we have come to value:
Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
Working software over comprehensive documentation
Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
Responding to change over following a plan
That is, while there is value in the items on the right,
we value the items on the left more.

这四对价值观并非否定右边的内容，而是强调左边的内容更有价值。具体解读如下：