STM32F429第十六篇之外部中断

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-17 17:58:34 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-17 17:58:34 发布

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分类专栏： ARM 文章标签： ARM stm32 中断 F429

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_17525633/article/details/113343412

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文章目录

前言
中断
- 使用
- 优先级
外部中断

前言

本文主要介绍与外部中断相关的内容。

本文主要参考文献为：

ST.STM32 Cortex®-M4 MCUs and MPUs programming manual
ST.RM0090 Reference manual
刘火良.STM32库开发实战指南——基于STM32F4.机械工业出版社
正点原子.STM32F429开发指南-HAL库版本_V1.1
Joesph Yiu.ARM cortex-M3与cortex-M4权威指南(第三版).清华大学出版社

中断

本文不会特意区分中断和异常的概念。Conrtex-M处理器都提供嵌套向量中断控制器 (NVIC)，顾名思义，在F429中，中断是支持嵌套的。关于中断相关的内容，可以学习的内容有很多，具体内容可以参考<ARM cortex-M3与cortex-M4权威指南(第三版)>。本文不再仅从实用的角度介绍在F429中中断的使用，以及中断中最重要的概念——优先级。

使用

在F429中，中断的配置比较简单。主要分成以下几个步骤：

一、配置中断优先级组

/**
  * @brief  Sets the priority grouping field (preemption priority and subpriority)
  *         using the required unlock sequence.
  * @param  PriorityGroup: The priority grouping bits length. 
  *         This parameter can be one of the following values:
  *         @arg NVIC_PRIORITYGROUP_0: 0 bits for preemption priority
  *                                    4 bits for subpriority
  *         @arg NVIC_PRIORITYGROUP_1: 1 bits for preemption priority
  *                                    3 bits for subpriority
  *         @arg NVIC_PRIORITYGROUP_2: 2 bits for preemption priority
  *                                    2 bits for subpriority
  *         @arg NVIC_PRIORITYGROUP_3: 3 bits for preemption priority
  *                                    1 bits for subpriority
  *         @arg NVIC_PRIORITYGROUP_4: 4 bits for preemption priority
  *                                    0 bits for subpriority
  * @note   When the NVIC_PriorityGroup_0 is selected, IRQ preemption is no more possible. 
  *         The pending IRQ priority will be managed only by the subpriority. 
  * @retval None
  */
void HAL_NVIC_SetPriorityGrouping(uint32_t PriorityGroup)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_NVIC_PRIORITY_GROUP(PriorityGroup));
  
  /* Set the PRIGROUP[10:8] bits according to the PriorityGroup parameter value */
  NVIC_SetPriorityGrouping(PriorityGroup);
}

此函数在文件<stm32f4xx_hal_cortex.c>中，会被HAL_Init()函数调用。

二、配置中断优先级

/**
  * @brief  Sets the priority of an interrupt.
  * @param  IRQn: External interrupt number.
  *         This parameter can be an enumerator of IRQn_Type enumeration
  *         (For the complete STM32 Devices IRQ Channels list, please refer to the appropriate CMSIS device file (stm32f4xxxx.h))
  * @param  PreemptPriority: The preemption priority for the IRQn channel.
  *         This parameter can be a value between 0 and 15
  *         A lower priority value indicates a higher priority 
  * @param  SubPriority: the subpriority level for the IRQ channel.
  *         This parameter can be a value between 0 and 15
  *         A lower priority value indicates a higher priority.          
  * @retval None
  */
void HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(IRQn_Type IRQn, uint32_t PreemptPriority, uint32_t SubPriority)
{ 
  uint32_t prioritygroup = 0x00;
  
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_NVIC_SUB_PRIORITY(SubPriority));
  assert_param(IS_NVIC_PREEMPTION_PRIORITY(PreemptPriority));
  
  prioritygroup = NVIC_GetPriorityGrouping();
  
  NVIC_SetPriority(IRQn, NVIC_EncodePriority(prioritygroup, PreemptPriority, SubPriority));
}

该函数在<stm32f4xx_hal_cortex.c>中定义，用于设置中断优先级。

三、使能中断

/**
  * @brief  Enables a device specific interrupt in the NVIC interrupt controller.
  * @note   To configure interrupts priority correctly, the NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig()
  *         function should be called before. 
  * @param  IRQn External interrupt number.
  *         This parameter can be an enumerator of IRQn_Type enumeration
  *         (For the complete STM32 Devices IRQ Channels list, please refer to the appropriate CMSIS device file (stm32f4xxxx.h))
  * @retval None
  */
void HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(IRQn_Type IRQn)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_NVIC_DEVICE_IRQ(IRQn));
  
  /* Enable interrupt */
  NVIC_EnableIRQ(IRQn);
}