Leading and Trailing

题目

题意:求n^k的前3位和后3位。 

后3位用快速幂求;求前3位需要知道:一个数n,它可以写成10^x,其中这个x为浮点数,则n^k=(10^x)^k=10^x*k=(10^A)*(10^B);其中A,B分别是x*k的整数部分和小数部分。n^k 它的位数由(10^A)决定,它的位数上的值则有(10^B)决定,因此我们要求n^k的前三位,只需要将10^B求出,再乘以100,就得到了它的前三位。

将A和B分离可以用到一个函数modf():   B = modf(k*log10(n),&A);

modf()是分解x,以得到x的整数和小数部分。

double modf(double x,double *integer)

返回x的小数部分,符号与x相同。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
ll qpow(ll n,ll k,int mod)
{
    ll ans = 1,base = n;
    while(k)
    {
        if(k&1)
            ans = ans * base%mod;
            base=base*base%mod;
          k = k >>1;
    }
    return ans%mod;
}
int main()
{
    int T,n,k;cin>>T;
    double A,B;
    int ans1,ans2;
    int Case=1;
    while(T--)
    {
        cin>>n>>k;
         ans2 = qpow(n,k,1000);
         B = modf(k*log10(n),&A);
         ans1 = pow(10,B)*100;
        printf("Case %d: %d %03d\n",Case++,ans1,ans2);
    }
    return 0;
}

 

翻译一下function format = stlGetFormat(fileName) %STLGETFORMAT identifies the format of the STL file and returns 'binary' or %'ascii' fid = fopen(fileName); % Check the file size first, since binary files MUST have a size of 84+(50*n) fseek(fid,0,1); % Go to the end of the file fidSIZE = ftell(fid); % Check the size of the file if rem(fidSIZE-84,50) > 0 format = 'ascii'; else % Files with a size of 84+(50*n), might be either ascii or binary... % Read first 80 characters of the file. % For an ASCII file, the data should begin immediately (give or take a few % blank lines or spaces) and the first word must be 'solid'. % For a binary file, the first 80 characters contains the header. % It is bad practice to begin the header of a binary file with the word % 'solid', so it can be used to identify whether the file is ASCII or % binary. fseek(fid,0,-1); % go to the beginning of the file header = strtrim(char(fread(fid,80,'uchar')')); % trim leading and trailing spaces isSolid = strcmp(header(1:min(5,length(header))),'solid'); % take first 5 char fseek(fid,-80,1); % go to the end of the file minus 80 characters tail = char(fread(fid,80,'uchar')'); isEndSolid = findstr(tail,'endsolid'); % Double check by reading the last 80 characters of the file. % For an ASCII file, the data should end (give or take a few % blank lines or spaces) with 'endsolid <object_name>'. % If the last 80 characters contains the word 'endsolid' then this % confirms that the file is indeed ASCII. if isSolid & isEndSolid format = 'ascii'; else format = 'binary'; end end fclose(fid);
05-18
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