Unity-TA 成长之路（三）URP-Universal Render Pipeline

最新推荐文章于 2025-11-16 12:58:37 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-11-16 12:58:37 发布 · 6.6k 阅读

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#unity #shader #URP

本文深入探讨Unity的Universal Render Pipeline（URP），重点介绍了其与内置渲染管道的差异。URP支持HDR渲染、多显示器、动态分辨率等功能，并提供了相机、光照、后处理等方面的定制选项。尽管一些特性如FlareLayer和ColorTexture不被支持，但URP通过ShaderGraph等工具增强了着色器的灵活性。此外，URP还涵盖了移动设备、VR和AR的兼容性，以及自定义渲染效果的创建。文章最后讨论了URP中的Shader、Materials以及ShaderStripping等话题，展示了如何升级和优化项目以适应URP。

因为Unity版本为2020.3.20，推荐使用Universal RP 10.6.0，所以去看了这个版本的文档。

而unity.cn也未对此部分做中文解释：

所以只能去看外文网站了，蹩脚的英文水平，加上蹩脚的翻译软件，勉强读吧。

1、版本支持

Package version	Minimum Unity version	Maximum Unity version
10.6.x	2020.3.4f1	2020.3.x

2、与Built-in Render Pipeline的功能比较

与Unity内置渲染管道相比，下表概述了通用渲染管道（URP）支持的当前功能。

注意：如果被标记为In research，URP团队仍在研究如何以及何时实现该功能。如果一个特性被标记为Not supported，那是因为Unity不打算在任何版本中支持它。

Feature	Built-in Render Pipeline Unity 2018.x, 2019.x, 2020.x.	Universal Render Pipeline
*Camera*
HDR rendering	Yes	Yes
HDR output	Yes	In research
MSAA	Yes	Yes
Physical Camera	Yes	Yes
Dynamic Resolution	Yes	Yes
Multi Display	Yes	Yes
Stacking	Yes	Yes
Flare Layer	Yes	Not supported
Depth Texture	Yes	Yes
Depth + Normals Texture	Yes	Not supported
Color Texture	Not supported	Yes
Motion vectors	Yes	In research
*Batching*
Static Batching (By Shader)	Not supported	Yes
Static Batching (By Material)	Yes	Yes
Dynamic Batching	Yes	Yes
Dynamic Batching (Shadows)	Yes	Not supported
GPU Instancing	Yes	Yes
*Color Space*
Linear	Yes	Yes
Gamma	Yes	Yes
*Realtime Lights*
Light Types Directional Spot Point Area	Yes Yes Yes Rectangle (Baked)	Yes Yes Yes Rectangle (Baked)
Inner Spot Angle	Not supported	Yes
Shading	Multiple Passes	Single Pass
Culling Per-Object Per-Layer	Yes Yes	Yes Yes
Light Limits Main Directional Light Per Object Per Camera	1 Unlimited Unlimited	1 8 (4 for GLES2). Can be point, spot, and directional Lights. 256 (16 for GLES 3.0 or lower, 32 on other mobile platforms)
Attenuation	Legacy	InverseSquared
Vertex Lights	Yes	Yes
SH Lights	Yes	In research
*Realtime Shadows*
Light Types Directional Spot Point Area	Yes Yes Yes Not supported	Yes - only 1 Yes In research Not supported
Shadow Projection Stable Fit Close Fit	Yes Yes	Yes In research
Shadow Cascades Number of Cascades Control by Percentage Control by Distance	1, 2 or 4 Yes Not supported	1–4 Yes Yes
Shadow Resolve Type Lighting Pass Screen Space Pass	Yes Yes	Yes No
Shadow Bias	Constant clip space offset + normal bias	Offsets shadowmap texels in the light direction + normal bias
*Lightmapping*
Enlighten	Yes	Not supported
Progressive Lightmapper, CPU	Yes	Yes
Progressive Lightmapper, GPU	Yes	Yes
*Realtime Global Illumination*
Enlighten	Yes	Not supported
*Mixed Lighting Mode*
Subtractive	Yes	Yes
Baked Indirect	Yes	Yes
Shadowmask	Yes	Yes (Forward Rendering Path)
Distance Shadowmask	Yes	Yes (Forward Rendering Path)
*Light Probes*
Blending	Yes	Yes
Proxy Volume (LPPV)	Yes	Not supported
Custom Provided	Yes	Yes
Occlusion Probes	Yes	Yes
*Reflection Probes*
Realtime	Yes	Yes
Baked	Yes	Yes
Sampling Simple Blend Probes Blend Probes and Skybox	Yes Yes Yes	Yes In research In research
Box Projection	Yes	In research
*Lightmap Modes*
Non-Directional	Yes	Yes
Directional	Yes	Yes
*Environmental lighting*
Source Skybox Gradient Color	Yes Yes Yes	Yes Yes Yes
Ambient Mode Realtime Baked	Yes Yes	In research Yes
*Skybox*
Procedural	Yes	Yes
6 Sided	Yes	Yes
Cubemap	Yes	Yes
Panoramic	Yes	Yes
*Fog*
Linear	Yes	Yes
Exponential	Yes	Yes
Exponential Squared	Yes	Yes
*Visual Effects Components*
Halo	Yes	Not supported
Lens Flare	Yes	Not supported
Trail Renderer	Yes	Yes
Billboard Renderer	Yes	Yes
Projector	Yes	Not supported
*Shaders (General)*
Shader Graph	Not supported	Yes
Surface Shaders	Yes	Not supported
Camera-relative Rendering	Not supported	In research
Built-in Lit Uber Shader Metallic Workflow Specular Workflow	Standard Shader Yes Yes	Lit Shader Yes Yes
Surface Type and Blend Mode Opaque Faded (Alpha Blend) Transparent Cutout Additive Multiply	Yes Yes Yes Yes Not supported Not supported	Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Surface Inputs Albedo (Base Map) Specular Metallic Smoothness Ambient Occlusion Normal Map Detail Map Detail Normal Map Heightmap	Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes	Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Light Cookies	Yes	In research
Parallax Mapping	Yes	Yes
Light Distance Fade	Not supported	In research