#include <stdio.h>
//#include <easyx.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <time.h>
//#include <graphics.h>
// 游戏设置
#define WIDTH 30
#define HEIGHT 20
#define SPEED 150
// 方向枚举
typedef enum { STOP = 0, LEFT, RIGHT, UP, DOWN } Direction;
// 蛇的结构体
typedef struct
{
int x, y;
} Segment;
// 游戏结构
typedef struct
{
bool gameOver;//结束
Direction dir;
Segment* snake;
int snakeLength;//蛇身长度
int foodX, foodY;//食物坐标
int score;//得分
} Game0;
//游戏登录界面结构
typedef struct Game
{
char num[20]; // 帐号
char name[100]; // 昵称
char password[50]; // 密码
char categoryNum[20]; // 分类号
int sorce; // 出版单位
struct Game* next; // 链表指针
} Game;
Game* head = NULL; // 链表头指针
const char* FILE_NAME = "games.dat"; // 数据文件名
// 释放资源
void cleanupGame(Game0* game)
{
free(game->snake);
}
// 释放所有内存
static void freeAllGames()
{
Game* p = head;
while (p != NULL)
{
Game* temp = p;
p = p->next;
free(temp);
}
head = NULL;
}
static void loadFile()
{
FILE* fp = fopen(FILE_NAME, "rb");
if (fp == NULL)
{
printf("未找到数据文件，将创建新文件。\n");
return;
}
freeAllGames();// 释放原有链表
// 读取文件数据
Game* newGame;
while ((newGame = (Game*)malloc(sizeof(Game))) != NULL)
{
if (fread(newGame, sizeof(Game), 1, fp) == 1)
{
newGame->next = NULL;
if (head == NULL)
{
head = newGame;
}
else
{
Game* p = head;
while (p->next != NULL)
{
p = p->next;
}
p->next = newGame;
}
}
else
{
free(newGame);
break;
}
}
fclose(fp);
printf("已从文件加载%d条游戏记录...\n", head ? 1 : 0); // 简化计数
}
// 保存数据到文件
static void saveFile()
{
FILE* fp = fopen(FILE_NAME, "wb");
if (fp == NULL)
{
printf("无法创建文件！\n");
return;
}
Game* p = head;
while (p != NULL)
{
fwrite(p, sizeof(Game), 1, fp);
p = p->next;
}
fclose(fp);
}
static Game* createNewGame()
{
Game* newGame = (Game*)malloc(sizeof(Game));
if (newGame == NULL)
{
printf("内存分配失败！\n");
exit(1);
}
newGame->next = NULL;
return newGame;
}
static void menu()
{
system("cls"); // 清屏
printf("***** 贪吃蛇 *****\n");
printf("1. 注册\n");
printf("2. 排行榜\n");
printf("3. 开始游戏\n");
printf("4. 登录\n");
printf("5. 修改玩家信息\n");
printf("6. 账号注销\n");
printf("7. 退出游戏\n");
printf("****************************\n");
}
static void input()
{
system("cls");
printf("===== 注册 =====\n");
Game* newaccount = createNewGame();
printf("请输入帐号: ");
fgets(newaccount->num, 20, stdin);
newaccount->num[strcspn(newaccount->num, "\n")] = 0; // 去除换行符
printf("请输入游戏昵称: ");
fgets(newaccount->name, 100, stdin);
newaccount->name[strcspn(newaccount->name, "\n")] = 0;
printf("请输入密码: ");
fgets(newaccount->password, 50, stdin);
newaccount->password[strcspn(newaccount->password, "\n")] = 0;
getchar(); // 吸收换行符
// 添加到链表尾部
if (head == NULL)
{
head = newaccount;
}
else
{
Game* p = head;
while (p->next != NULL)
{
p = p->next;
}
p->next = newaccount;
}
saveFile(); // 保存到文件
printf("注册成功！\n");
}
//登录
void logon()
{
system("cls");
printf("===== 玩家登录 =====\n");
if (head == NULL)
{
printf("暂无玩家信息！\n");
return;
}
char num[100];
char password[100];
printf("请输入玩家账号: ");
fgets(num, 100, stdin);
num[strcspn(num, "\n")] = 0; // 去除换行符
printf("请输入玩家密码: ");
fgets(password, 100, stdin);
password[strcspn(password, "\n")] = 0; // 去除换行符
Game* p = head;
while (p != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(p->num, num) == 0)
if(strcmp(p->password, password)==0)
{
printf("欢迎进入游戏：%s\n", p->name);
// 保存到文件
saveFile();
printf("登录成功！\n");
return;
}
p = p->next;
}
printf("账号或密码错误！\n");
}
// 修改玩家信息
void modify()
{
system("cls");
printf("===== 玩家信息修改 =====\n");
if (head == NULL)
{
printf("暂无玩家信息！\n");
return;
}
char name[100];
printf("请输入要修改的玩家账号: ");
fgets(name, 100, stdin);
name[strcspn(name, "\n")] = 0; // 去除换行符
Game* p = head;
while (p != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(p->name, name) == 0)
{
printf("找到玩家：%s\n", p->name);
printf("请输入新的帐号(%s): ", p->num);
fgets(p->num, 20, stdin);
p->num[strcspn(p->num, "\n")] = 0;
printf("请输入新的昵称(%s): ", p->name);
fgets(p->name, 100, stdin);
p->name[strcspn(p->name, "\n")] = 0;
printf("请输入新的密码(%s): ", p->password);
fgets(p->password, 50, stdin);
p->password[strcspn(p->password, "\n")] = 0;
getchar(); // 吸收换行符
saveFile(); // 保存到文件
printf("玩家信息修改成功！\n");
return;
}
p = p->next;
}
printf("未找到昵称为\"%s\"的玩家\n", name);
}
//注销账号
void deleteinform()
{
system("cls");
printf("===== 注销账号 =====\n");
if (head == NULL)
{
printf("暂无玩家信息！\n");
return;
}
char num[100];
printf("请输入要删除的玩家账号: ");
fgets(num, 100, stdin);
num[strcspn(num, "\n")] = 0; // 去除换行符
Game* p = head;
Game* prev = NULL;
while (p != NULL)
{
if (strcmp(p->num, num) == 0)
{
// 找到要删除的节点
if (prev == NULL)
{
head = p->next;// 删除头节点
}
else
{
prev->next = p->next;// 删除中间或尾节点
}
printf("已删除玩家：%s的账号\n", p->name);
free(p); // 释放内存
saveFile(); // 保存到文件
return;
}
prev = p;
p = p->next;
}
printf("未找到账号为\"%s\"的玩家！\n", num);
}
//排行榜
void charts()
{
int i=0;
system("cls");
printf("===== 排行榜 =====\n");
if (head == NULL)
{
printf("暂无玩家信息！\n");
return;
}
printf("%-15s %-30s %-20s %-15s\n","排名", "帐号", "玩家名", "玩家得分");
printf("------------------------------------------------\n");
Game* p = head;
while (p != NULL)
{
i++;
printf("%-15d %-30s %-20s %-15s\n",i, p->num, p->name, p->password);
p = p->next;
}
}
// 初始化游戏
void initGame(Game0* game)
{
game->gameOver = false;
game->dir = STOP;
game->score = 0;
game->snakeLength = 3;
// 分配蛇身内存
game->snake = (Segment*)malloc(sizeof(Segment) * (WIDTH * HEIGHT));
if (!game->snake)
{
printf("内存分配失败!\n");
exit(1);
}
// 初始化蛇身位置
for (int i = 0; i < game->snakeLength; i++)
{
game->snake[i].x = WIDTH / 2 - i;
game->snake[i].y = HEIGHT / 2;
}
srand(time(0));// 生成食物
game->foodX = rand() % (WIDTH - 2) + 1;
game->foodY = rand() % (HEIGHT - 2) + 1;
}
// 生成食物
void generateFood(Game0* game)
{
bool valid;
do
{
valid = true;
game->foodX = rand() % (WIDTH - 2) + 1;
game->foodY = rand() % (HEIGHT - 2) + 1;
// 确保食物不在蛇身上
for (int i = 0; i < game->snakeLength; i++)
{
if (game->snake[i].x == game->foodX && game->snake[i].y == game->foodY)
{
valid = false;
break;
}
}
} while (!valid);
}
// 输入处理
void processInput(Game0* game)
{
if (_kbhit())
{
switch (_getch())
{
case 'a': if (game->dir != RIGHT) game->dir = LEFT; break;
case 'd': if (game->dir != LEFT) game->dir = RIGHT; break;
case 'w': if (game->dir != DOWN) game->dir = UP; break;
case 's': if (game->dir != UP) game->dir = DOWN; break;
case 'x': game->gameOver = true; break;
}
}
}
// 检查碰撞
void checkCollision(Game0* game)
{
// 撞墙检测
if (game->snake[0].x <= 0 || game->snake[0].x >= WIDTH - 1 ||game->snake[0].y <= 0 || game->snake[0].y >= HEIGHT - 1)
{
game->gameOver = true;
}
// 自撞检测
for (int i = 1; i < game->snakeLength; i++)
{
if (game->snake[0].x == game->snake[i].x && game->snake[0].y == game->snake[i].y)
{
game->gameOver = true;
}
}
}
// 更新游戏状态
void updateGame(Game0* game)
{
if (game->dir == STOP) return;
// 保存尾部位置
int tailX = game->snake[game->snakeLength - 1].x;
int tailY = game->snake[game->snakeLength - 1].y;
// 移动蛇身（从尾部到头部）
for (int i = game->snakeLength - 1; i > 0; i--)
{
game->snake[i] = game->snake[i - 1];
}
//方向
switch (game->dir)
{
case LEFT: game->snake[0].x--; break;
case RIGHT: game->snake[0].x++; break;
case UP: game->snake[0].y--; break;
case DOWN: game->snake[0].y++; break;
}
// 检查是否吃到食物
if (game->snake[0].x == game->foodX && game->snake[0].y == game->foodY)
{
game->score += 10;
// 增加蛇身长度
game->snakeLength++;
game->snake[game->snakeLength - 1].x = tailX;
game->snake[game->snakeLength - 1].y = tailY;
generateFood(game);
}
// 检查碰撞
checkCollision(game);
}
//游戏
void drawGame(Game0* game)
{
system("cls");
// 上边界
for (int i = 0; i < WIDTH; i++)
printf("#");
printf("\n");
for (int y = 0; y < HEIGHT; y++)
{
for (int x = 0; x < WIDTH; x++)
{
// 绘制左右边界
if (x == 0 || x == WIDTH - 1)
{
printf("#");
}
// 绘制蛇头
else if (x == game->snake[0].x && y == game->snake[0].y)
{
printf("O");
}
// 绘制蛇身
else
{
bool isBody = false;
for (int i = 1; i < game->snakeLength; i++)
{
if (x == game->snake[i].x && y == game->snake[i].y)
{
printf("o");
isBody = true;
break;
}
}
// 绘制食物
if (!isBody)
{
if (x == game->foodX && y == game->foodY)
printf("F");
else
printf(" ");
}
}
}
printf("\n");
}
// 下边界
for (int i = 0; i < WIDTH; i++)
printf("#");
printf("\n");
// 显示分数
printf("分数: %d\n", game->score);
printf("按 'x' 退出游戏\n");
}
int main()
{
//initgraph(1000, 1000);//500x500的图形窗口
//cleardevice();
//settextstyle(20,0,"宋体");
/*outtextxy(500, 500, L"登录：");
int ch = _getch();
if(ch==119)//w
cleardevice();
while (1)
{
setlinecolor(WHITE);
setfillcolor(WHITE);
rectangle(0, 0, 200, 200);
}
*/
//system("cls");
loadFile(); // 程序启动时加载数据
char n;//选项
char b;
while (1)
{
menu();
printf("请输入功能序号: ");
scanf("%c", &n);
getchar();
if(0<=(n-'0')&&(n-'0')<10)
switch (n-'0')
{
case 1: input(); break;
case 2: charts(); break;
case 3: game:
char cmd[50];
printf("mode con cols=%d lines=%d", WIDTH, HEIGHT + 5);
system(cmd);
Game0 game;
initGame(&game);
while (!game.gameOver)
{
drawGame(&game);
processInput(&game);
updateGame(&game);
Sleep(SPEED);
}
printf("\n游戏结束! 最终分数: %d\n", game.score);
cleanupGame(&game);
system("pause");
break;
case 4: logon();
printf("是否进入游戏\n是'y' 否'n'\n");
scanf("%c",&b);
if(b=='y')
goto game;
else if(b=='n')
break;
case 5: modify(); break;
case 6: deleteinform(); break;
case 7:
freeAllGames();
printf("感谢使用！\n");
return 0;
default:
printf("该功能不存在，请重新选择！\n");
}
else
printf("输入错误，请重新选择！\n");
printf("\n按任意键继续...");
getch();
}
return 0;
}
将得分数据score存入结构体sorce中
本文深入解析了Codeforces比赛中的B题，通过分析数字的异或特性，提供了一种高效的博弈策略判断方法。文章详细阐述了如何通过位运算和统计数字出现的频率来预测游戏结局，为解决类似问题提供了清晰的思路。
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