HALCON从入门到入门-线路板方块提取

测试效果

算法步骤详解

1.读取图片

read_image (Image, 'die_pads')

2.二值化并根据面积和各向异性筛选区域

在几何学和图像处理领域，"anisometry"通常用来描述物体或形状在不同方向上的尺寸差异，即形状的各向异性。这种差异可以通过计算长轴（Ra）与短轴（Rb）的比率来量化，即Anisometry = Ra / Rb。

fast_threshold (Image, Region, 180, 255, 20)

connection (Region, ConnectedRegions)

select_shape (ConnectedRegions, SelectedRegions, ['area','anisometry'], 'and', [200,1], [1200,2])

3.获取区域边界并膨胀

fill_up (SelectedRegions, RegionFillUp)

shape_trans (RegionFillUp, RegionTrans, 'convex')

boundary (RegionTrans, RegionBorder, 'inner')

dilation_circle (RegionBorder, RegionDilation, 2.5)

union1 (RegionDilation, RegionUnion)

4.基于ROI实现边界提取

reduce_domain (Image, RegionUnion, ImageReduced)

edges_sub_pix (ImageReduced, Edges, 'sobel_fast', 0.5, 20, 40)

5.筛选出合适的轮廓线，并拟合成矩形

select_shape_xld (Edges, SelectedContours, 'contlength', 'and', 10, 200)

union_adjacent_contours_xld (SelectedContours, UnionContours, 2, 1, 'attr_keep')

fit_rectangle2_contour_xld (UnionContours, 'tukey', -1, 0, 0, 3, 2, Row, Column, Phi, Length1, Length2, PointOrder)

gen_rectangle2_contour_xld (Rectangle, Row, Column, Phi, Length1, Length2)

测试代码

* This example program shows how to find pads in an image and how to
* determine their position, rotation, and size robustly and accurately using
* fit_rectangle2_contour_xld.
dev_update_pc ('off')
dev_update_window ('off')
dev_update_var ('off')
read_image (Image, 'die_pads')
dev_close_window ()
get_image_size (Image, Width, Height)
dev_open_window (0, 0, Width * 2, Height * 2, 'black', WindowHandle)
dev_set_part (0, 0, Height - 1, Width - 1)
* Find the pads in the image using blob analysis.
fast_threshold (Image, Region, 180, 255, 20)
connection (Region, ConnectedRegions)
select_shape (ConnectedRegions, SelectedRegions, ['area','anisometry'], 'and', [200,1], [1200,2])
* Construct a ROI for subpixel-accurate edge detection.
fill_up (SelectedRegions, RegionFillUp)
shape_trans (RegionFillUp, RegionTrans, 'convex')
boundary (RegionTrans, RegionBorder, 'inner')
dilation_circle (RegionBorder, RegionDilation, 2.5)
union1 (RegionDilation, RegionUnion)
* Perform the subpixel-accurate edge detection.
reduce_domain (Image, RegionUnion, ImageReduced)
edges_sub_pix (ImageReduced, Edges, 'sobel_fast', 0.5, 20, 40)
* Select the edge fragments that belong to the pads.
select_shape_xld (Edges, SelectedContours, 'contlength', 'and', 10, 200)
* Merge adjacent edge fragments to obtain one contour per pad.
union_adjacent_contours_xld (SelectedContours, UnionContours, 2, 1, 'attr_keep')
* Fit rectangles robustly to the pads' edges.
fit_rectangle2_contour_xld (UnionContours, 'tukey', -1, 0, 0, 3, 2, Row, Column, Phi, Length1, Length2, PointOrder)
* Generate rectangles from the fitting result for visualization purposes.
gen_rectangle2_contour_xld (Rectangle, Row, Column, Phi, Length1, Length2)
dev_display (Image)
dev_set_colored (12)
dev_display (Rectangle)