mysql 8.0 在 win10 下安装及配置

下载解压

创建配置文件

config.ini

[mysqld]

# 设置3306端口
port=3306

# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64

# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\data

# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200

# 允许连接失败的次数。
max_connect_errors=10

# 服务端使用的字符集默认为UTF8
character-set-server=utf8



[mysql]

# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8

[client]

# 设置mysql客户端连接服务端时默认使用的端口
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8

初始化并安装服务

然后在 cmd 运行

D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\bin>mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --console
2020-01-01T06:53:58.438664Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.18) initializing of server in progress as process 628440
2020-01-01T06:54:00.111722Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ao11asfijt<F

D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\bin>mysqld --install mysql --defaults-file="D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\config.ini"
Install/Remove of the Service Denied!

可以看见服务安装失败，这是因为没有使用管理员权限打开 cmd

重复上面的初始化命令

D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\bin>mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --console
2020-01-01T07:01:16.022093Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.18) initializing of server in progress as process 627996
2020-01-01T07:01:16.023535Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010457] [Server] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2020-01-01T07:01:16.023686Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-013236] [Server] The designated data directory D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\data\ is unusable. You can remove all files that the server added to it.
2020-01-01T07:01:16.032557Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting
2020-01-01T07:01:16.033409Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.18)  MySQL Community Server - GPL.

失败原因是

The designated data directory D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\data\ is unusable. You can remove all files that the server added to it.

因为执行初始化命令的时候会自动创建 data 文件夹，再次初始化就得把这个文件夹删掉

安装成功：

D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\bin>mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --console
2020-01-01T07:05:31.176064Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.18) initializing of server in progress as process 531948
2020-01-01T07:05:32.847715Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: uquYs:_Ad5sH

D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\bin>mysqld --install mysql --defaults-file="D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\config.ini"
Service successfully installed.

启动服务

D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\bin>net start mysql
mysql 服务正在启动 .
mysql 服务已经启动成功。

可以在任务管理器里看见 mysql 已经启动

客户端连接

命令行输入 mysql -u root -p
接着键入初始化时自动生成的随机密码:

D:\Program Files\mysql\mysql-8.0.18-winx64\bin>mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ************
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.18

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

修改密码

使用 ALTER user 语句，这里简单把密码修改成 ‘password’

mysql> ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

简单示范

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql           |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv              |
| component                 |
| db                        |
| default_roles             |
| engine_cost               |
| func                      |
| general_log               |
| global_grants             |
| gtid_executed             |
| help_category             |
| help_keyword              |
| help_relation             |
| help_topic                |
| innodb_index_stats        |
| innodb_table_stats        |
| password_history          |
| plugin                    |
| procs_priv                |
| proxies_priv              |
| role_edges                |
| server_cost               |
| servers                   |
| slave_master_info         |
| slave_relay_log_info      |
| slave_worker_info         |
| slow_log                  |
| tables_priv               |
| time_zone                 |
| time_zone_leap_second     |
| time_zone_name            |
| time_zone_transition      |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user                      |
+---------------------------+
33 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select host,user,password_last_changed from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| host      | user             | password_last_changed |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | 2020-01-01 15:05:33   |
| localhost | mysql.session    | 2020-01-01 15:05:33   |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | 2020-01-01 15:05:33   |
| localhost | root             | 2020-01-01 15:27:03   |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)