专业英语笔记：三次信息化浪潮

Review on What We've Learned

It's not what you learn but how you learn that matters.

学习内容不是最重要的，关键是学习的方法和态度。

学习的效率取决于专注的程度。

The study efficiency is usually determined by the degree of concentration.

We have undergone three informationization tides since the 1980s.

Time and tide wait for no man.

It's never too late to learn. -- lifelong learning and fragmental learning are very important in our life.

Attitude: active and passive

Method: naturalism and constructurism

I. The First Informationization Tide

第一次信息化浪潮

PC: Personal Computer

1981 IBM-PC = Intel CPU + MS-DOS (CLI)

IBM: International Business Machine (excel in hardware and software )

Intel CPU its main competitor is AMD

Microsoft MS-DOS

Some famous companies emerged, such as Apple (Mac OS), Microsoft, Intel....

Major Prolem: information processing

II. The Second Informationization Tide

第二次信息化浪潮

Let's recall the brief history of Internet.

In 1969, U. S. founded ARPA in response to the fact that the Soviet Union launched the first man-made satellite and resolved to improve its scientific and technical infrastructure.

ARPA: Advanced Research Projects Agency 高级研究计划局

Goal: setting up ARPANET to help those research institutions communicate and share valuable computer resources.

There were only four nodes in the ARPANET at the beginning.

Search the Internet and tell me what these four nodes are.

1. UCLA: University of California at Los Angels

2. SRI: Standford Research Institute

3. UU: University of Utah

4. UCSB: University of California at Santa Barbara

1985, NSF (National Science Fundation)

Each node has its own LAN (Local-Area Network). All the LANs are connected together to form an internetwork, called internet in short. The internet grew bigger and bigger, and gradually the internet became Internet that is the biggest network in the world.

Some famous companies emerged in the second informationization tide, such as Google, Yahoo, BAT (Baidu, Ali, Tencent)

Major Problem: information transmission

2G-->3G-->4G-->5G, communication technology

III. The Third Informationization Tide

第三次信息化浪潮

At the beginning, only computers were connected to the Internet. As time went by, more and more other devices were connected to the Internet, such as smartphones, smart watches, smart TVs, smart robots, and tablets.

Now, smartphone surfers outnumber PC surfers.

Tell me how many people are using WeChat to share their study, work and life.

the number of registered users = 9.6亿 = 960,000,000

nine hundred and sixty million

Internet --> Mobile Internet

Web 1.0 ==> Web 2.0 tell me their major difference

Web 1.0: static representation of information

Web 2.0: user join the creation and interaction of information

monitor, sensor --> collect a great deal of information

Major Problem: information explosion

Key Technologies: ABC + IOT

IOT: Internet of Things 物联网

A: AI = Artificial Intelligence

B: Big Data

C: Cloud Computing

Key technologies: virtualizaiton, distributed storage, distributed computation

Three Layers of Service: IaaS, PaaS, SaaS

OLTP: Online Transaction Processing 联机事务处理

OLAP: Online Analysis Process 联机分析处理

Hadoop, Storm, Spark, Flume, ZooKeeper, Sqoop, Hive, HBASE....Machine Learning

Two core technologies of Hadoop: HDFS and MapReduce

package net.hw.car_balance_query;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.io.IOException;

import okhttp3.Call;
import okhttp3.Callback;
import okhttp3.MediaType;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.RequestBody;
import okhttp3.Response;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private static final String BASE_URL = "http://192.168.72.101:8080/transportservice/type/jason/action/";
    private static final String TAG = "car_balance_query";

    private EditText edtCardId;
    private Integer carId;
    private TextView tvCarBalance;
    private Handler handler;
    private Thread thread;
    private Integer balance;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        // 利用布局资源文件设置用户界面
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        // 通过资源标识获得控件实例
        tvCarBalance = findViewById(R.id.tvCarBalance);
        edtCardId = findViewById(R.id.edt_car_id);

        // 实例化消息处理器
        handler = new Handler() {
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                switch (msg.what) {
                    case 0x0001:
                        tvCarBalance.setText("请求连接失败！");
                        break;
                    case 0x0002:
                        tvCarBalance.setText(balance + "元");
                        break;
                }
            }
        };
    }

    /**
     * 查询小车余额事件处理方法
     */
    public void doQueryBalance(View view) {
        // 获取小车编号
        carId = Integer.parseInt(edtCardId.getText().toString());
        // 定义okhttp客户端
        OkHttpClient mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
        // 定义媒体类型
        MediaType mediaType = MediaType.parse("application/json; charset=utf-8");
        // 定义请求主体
        RequestBody requestBody = RequestBody.create(mediaType, "{'CarId':" + carId + "}");
        // 定义请求对象
        Request request = new Request.Builder().url(BASE_URL + "GetCarAccountBalance.do")
                .post(requestBody).build();
        // 基于请求对象创建调用对象
        Call call = mOkHttpClient.newCall(request);
        // 将调用对象放入队列异步执行
        call.enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
                // 创建子线程，往主线程发送消息
                thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        handler.sendEmptyMessage(0x0001);
                    }
                });
                // 启动线程
                thread.start();
            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
                // 从响应对象里获取json字符串
                String json = response.body().string();
                Log.d("hw", json);
                try {
                    // 基于json字符串创建json对象
                    JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(json);
                    // 获取服务器信息字符串
                    String serverinfo = jsonObject.getString("serverinfo");
                    // 基于json字符串创建json对象
                    JSONObject jsonObject1 = new JSONObject(serverinfo);
                    // 获取余额
                    balance = jsonObject1.getInt("Balance");
                    // 创建子线程，往主线程发送消息
                    thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            handler.sendEmptyMessage(0x0002);
                        }
                    });
                    // 启动线程
                    thread.start();
                } catch (JSONException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
    }
}