python数据分析课程笔记 | 第四章 Matplotlib数据可视化（上）

4.1 matplotlib绘图基础

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

#  解决中文乱码问题
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

x = np.linspace(0, 100, 1000)
y = np.sin(x)
plt.plot(x, y, c='red', lw=2, ls='-')
plt.show()

x = np.linspace(0, 10, 100)
y = np.sin(x)
plt.plot(x, y, lw=2, ls='-', label='X和Y的关系')
plt.legend(loc='upper center')  # 图例
plt.show()

x = np.arange(0, 1.1, 0.01)
y = x ** 2
plt.figure(figsize=(6.4, 4.84), dpi=100, facecolor='white')
plt.title('这是一幅图')
plt.xlabel('x1')
plt.ylabel('y')
plt.xlim([0, 1])
plt.ylim([0, 1])
plt.xticks([0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1])
plt.yticks([0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1])
plt.plot(x, y, label='Y = x ^ 2')
plt.legend(loc='best')
plt.savefig('地址')  # 图形保存
plt.show()

4.2 简单图形绘制

（1）饼图

import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import os

os.chdir(r'C:\Users\Administrator.DESKTOP-0L8IC5U\Desktop\数据分析\data')
data = pd.read_csv('2018-2010_export.csv')
data_1 = data[:277].groupby('country').mean()['value']
print(data_1)
print(data_1.index)

x_data = data_1.values
y_data = data_1.index

explode = [0, 0.1, 0, 0, 0, 0.2]
colors = ['red', 'blue', 'yellow', 'green', 'darkred', 'purple']

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

plt.pie(x=x_data, explode=explode, labels=y_data, colors=colors, autopct='.1f%%', pctdistance=0.5, labeldistance=1.1,
        startangle=120, radius=1.2, counterclock