目录:
4.5 完善统计图形
(1)图例和画布使用
图例中legend中loc中的位置和数字关系的使用:
- best:0
- upper right:1
- upper left:2
- lower left:3
- lower right:4
- right:5
- center left:6
- center right:7
(2)图形添加内容
4.6 图像样式高级操作
(1)绘制双坐标轴
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import os
os.chdir(r'C:\Users\Administrator.DESKTOP-0L8IC5U\Desktop\数据分析\data')
data = pd.read_csv('supermarket_sales.csv')
data_1 = data.groupby('Date').mean()
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
fig = plt.figure()
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(111)
ax1.plot(data_1.index, data_1.cogs, color='blue', label='cogs')
plt.legend(loc='upper left')
ax1.set_ylabel('情况1')
ax2 = ax1.twinx()
ax2.plot(data_1.index, data_1.Rating, color='red', label='Rating')
ax2.set_ylabel('情况2')
plt.legend(loc='upper center')
plt.show()
(2)多个图形合并
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import os
os.chdir(r'C:\Users\Administrator.DESKTOP-0L8IC5U\Desktop\数据分析\data')
GDP_data = pd.read_csv('gdp_csv.csv')[:40]
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
plt.figure(figsize=(16, 9))
plt.subplot(121)
plt.plot(GDP_data['Year'], GDP_data['Value'], c='c')
plt.xlabel('年份', fontsize=12)
plt.ylabel('GDP', fontsize=18)
plt.xticks(rotation=45)
plt.subplot(122)
plt.bar(x=GDP_data.Year, height=GDP_data.Value, color='r')
plt.show()
4.7 高级绘图
(1)Seaborn基础
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import os
import seaborn as sns
os.chdir(r'C:\Users\Administrator.DESKTOP-0L8IC5U\Desktop\数据分析\data')
GDP = pd.read_csv('gdp_csv.csv')[:49]
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
# 第一种调用方式
plt.style.use('seaborn')
plt.bar(x=GDP.Year, height=GDP.Value, tick_label=GDP.Year, color='steelblue')
plt.xticks(rotation=45)
plt.ylabel('GDP')
plt.show()
# 第二种调用方式
sns.set(style='darkgrid', context='notebook', font_scale=1.2