【元胞自动机】基于元胞自动机实现图像处理matlab源码

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元胞自动机(Cellular Automaton)，复数为Cellular Automata，简称CA，也有人译为细胞自动机、点格自动机、分子自动机或单元自动机)。是一时间和空间都离散的动力系统。散布在规则格网 (Lattice Grid)中的每一元胞(Cell)取有限的离散状态，遵循同样的作用规则，依据确定的局部规则作同步更新。大量元胞通过简单的相互作用而构成精态系统的演化。由冯诺依曼在20世纪50年代发明。

其特点是时间、空间、状态都离散，每个变量只取有限多个状态，且其状态改变的规则在时间和空间上都是局部的。

将所有元胞自动机的动力学行为归纳为四大类(Wolfram. S.，1986):

⑴平稳型:自任何初始状态开始，经过一定时间运行后，元胞空间趋于一个空间平稳的构形，这里空间平稳即指每一个元胞处于固定状态。不随时间变化而变化。

⑵周期型：经过一定时间运行后，元胞空间趋于一系列简单的固定结构(Stable Patterns)或周期结构(Perlodical Patterns)。由于这些结构可看作是一种滤波器(Filter)，故可应用到图像处理的研究中。

⑶混沌型：自任何初始状态开始，经过一定时间运行后，元胞自动机表现出混沌的非周期行为，所生成的结构的统计特征不再变止，通常表现为分形分维特征。

⑷复杂型：出现复杂的局部结构，或者说是局部的混沌，其中有些会不断地传播。

上述分类，又可以分别描述为( 谭跃进，1996；谢惠民，1994；李才伟、1997)；

⑴均匀状态，即点态吸引子，或称不动点；

⑵简单的周期结构，即周期性吸引子，或称周期轨；

⑶混沌的非周期性模式，即混沌吸引子；

⑷这第四类行为可以与生命系统等复杂系统中的自组织现象相比拟，但在连续系统中没有相对应的模式。但从研究元胞自动机的角度讲，最具研究价值的具有第四类行为的元胞自动机，因为这类元胞自动机被认为具有"突现计算"(Emergent Computation)功能，研究表明，可以用作广义计算机(Universal Computer)以仿真任意复杂的计算过程。另外，此类元胞自动机在发展过程中还表现出很强的不可逆(lrreversibility)特征，而且，这种元胞自动机在若干有限循环后，有可能会 "死"掉，即所有元胞的状态变为零。

function varargout = ES(varargin)

% ES MATLAB code for ES.fig

% ES, by itself, creates a new ES or raises the existing

% singleton*.

%

% H = ES returns the handle to a new ES or the handle to

% the existing singleton*.

%

% ES('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local

% function named CALLBACK in ES.M with the given input arguments.

%

% ES('Property','Value',...) creates a new ES or raises the

% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are

% applied to the GUI before ES_OpeningFcn gets called. An

% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application

% stop. All inputs are passed to ES_OpeningFcn via varargin.

%

% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one

% instance to run (singleton)".

%

% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES


% Edit the above text to modify the response to help ES


% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 24-Nov-2014 16:51:08


% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

gui_Singleton = 1;

gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...

'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ...

'gui_OpeningFcn', @ES_OpeningFcn, ...

'gui_OutputFcn', @ES_OutputFcn, ...

'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ...

'gui_Callback', []);

if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})

gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});

end


if nargout

[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});

else

gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});

end

% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT



% --- Executes just before ES is made visible.

function ES_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)

% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.

% hObject handle to figure

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% varargin command line arguments to ES (see VARARGIN)


% Choose default command line output for ES

handles.output = hObject;

handles.Img = 0;

handles.ParentImg = 0;

handles.OffspringImg = 0;

handles.Parent = cell(1, 8);

handles.Parent{1} = zeros(1, 3); % Birth

handles.Parent{2} = zeros(1, 3); % Level

handles.Parent{3} = zeros(1, 3); % number of Pattern Pos

handles.Parent{4} = cell(1, 3); % PosH

handles.Parent{5} = cell(1, 3); % PosW

handles.Parent{6} = zeros(1, 3); % Cell Generation

handles.Parent{7} = cell(1, 3); % Pattern

handles.Offspring = cell(1, 8);

handles.Offspring{1} = zeros(1, 3); % Birth

handles.Offspring{2} = zeros(1, 3); % Level

handles.Offspring{3} = zeros(1, 3); % number of Pattern Pos

handles.Offspring{4} = cell(1, 3); % PosH

handles.Offspring{5} = cell(1, 3); % PosW

handles.Offspring{6} = zeros(1, 3); % Cell Generation

handles.Offspring{7} = cell(1, 3); % Pattern

handles.Boundary = cell(1, 7); % Birth, Level, # of CellBlocks, MinCAG, MaxCAG, Image Size

handles.GenerationCount = 0;

if exist('iES', 'dir') ~= 7

mkdir('iES');

end

% Update handles structure

guidata(hObject, handles);


% UIWAIT makes ES wait for user response (see UIRESUME)

% uiwait(handles.figure1);



% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.

function varargout = ES_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);

% hObject handle to figure

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)


% Get default command line output from handles structure

varargout{1} = handles.output;




function BirthVal_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to BirthVal (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)


% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of BirthVal as text

% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of BirthVal as a double



% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function BirthVal_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to BirthVal (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called


% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

% See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end




function LevelVal_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to LevelVal (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)


% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of LevelVal as text

% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of LevelVal as a double



% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function LevelVal_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to LevelVal (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called


% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

% See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end




function CellBlocksVal_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to CellBlocksVal (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)


% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of CellBlocksVal as text

% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of CellBlocksVal as a double



% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function CellBlocksVal_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to CellBlocksVal (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called


% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

% See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end




function MinCAGVal_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to MinCAGVal (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)


% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of MinCAGVal as text

% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of MinCAGVal as a double



% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function MinCAGVal_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to MinCAGVal (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called


% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

% See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end




function MaxCAGVal_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to MaxCAGVal (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)


% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of MaxCAGVal as text

% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of MaxCAGVal as a double



% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function MaxCAGVal_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to MaxCAGVal (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called


% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

% See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end



% --- Executes on button press in ImgRead.

function ImgRead_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to ImgRead (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% [filename, user_canceled] = imgetfile;

% if user_canceled

% return;

% end

filename = 'lenna.png';

Img = imread(filename);

handles.Img = Img;

axes(handles.Original);

image(double(handles.Img)/255);

guidata(hObject, handles);



% --- Executes on button press in Sellambda.

function Sellambda_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to Sellambda (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

imwrite(handles.ParentImg, ['iEA/G', num2str(handles.GenerationCount), '.jpg']);

[handles.Offspring, cc] = Mutation(handles.Parent, handles.Boundary);

guidata(hObject, handles);

offspring = handles.ParentImg;

[offspring(:, :, cc), ta, tb, tc, td, te] = GUILogicRule(handles.Img, cc, handles.Offspring{1}(cc), handles.Offspring{2}(cc), handles.Offspring{3}(cc), handles.Offspring{6}(cc), 1, handles.Offspring{4}{cc}, handles.Offspring{5}{cc}, handles.Offspring{7}{cc});

axes(handles.mu);

image(offspring);

handles.GenerationCount = handles.GenerationCount +1;

handles.OffspringImg = offspring;

guidata(hObject, handles);

set(handles.Generation, 'string', strcat('Generation: ', num2str(handles.GenerationCount)));



% --- Executes on button press in Selmu.

function Selmu_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to Selmu (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

imwrite(handles.OffspringImg, ['iEA/G', num2str(handles.GenerationCount), '.jpg']);

[handles.Parent, cc] = Mutation(handles.Offspring, handles.Boundary);

guidata(hObject, handles);

Parent = handles.OffspringImg;

[Parent(:, :, cc), ta, tb, tc, td, te] = GUILogicRule(handles.Img, cc, handles.Parent{1}(cc), handles.Parent{2}(cc), handles.Parent{3}(cc), handles.Parent{6}(cc), 1, handles.Parent{4}{cc}, handles.Parent{5}{cc}, handles.Parent{7}{cc});

axes(handles.lambda);

image(Parent);

handles.GenerationCount = handles.GenerationCount +1;

handles.ParentImg = Parent;

guidata(hObject, handles);

set(handles.Generation, 'string', strcat('Generation: ', num2str(handles.GenerationCount)));



% --- Executes on button press in Start.

function Start_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to Start (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

handles.GenerationCount = 1;

Parent = zeros(size(handles.Img));

Sz = size(handles.Img);

Birth = str2double(get(handles.BirthVal, 'string'));

Level = str2double(get(handles.LevelVal, 'string'));

NumCellBlocks = str2double(get(handles.CellBlocksVal, 'string'));

MinCAG = str2double(get(handles.MinCAGVal, 'string'));

MaxCAG = str2double(get(handles.MaxCAGVal, 'string'));

for cc=1:3

CellGen = randi([MinCAG, MaxCAG]);

PosH = randi([1, Sz(1)], 1, NumCellBlocks);

PosW = randi([1, Sz(2)], 1, NumCellBlocks);

[Parent(:, :, cc), handles.Parent{6}(cc), handles.Parent{1}(cc), handles.Parent{2}(cc), handles.Parent{3}(cc), handles.Parent{7}{cc}] = GUILogicRule(handles.Img, cc, Birth, Level, NumCellBlocks, CellGen, 0, PosH, PosW, 0);

handles.Parent{4}{cc} = PosH;

handles.Parent{5}{cc} = PosW;

guidata(hObject, handles);

end

handles.Boundary{1} = Birth;

handles.Boundary{2} = Level;

handles.Boundary{3} = NumCellBlocks;

handles.Boundary{4} = MinCAG;

handles.Boundary{5} = MaxCAG;

handles.Boundary{6} = Sz(1);

handles.Boundary{7} = Sz(2);

guidata(hObject, handles);

handles.Offspring = Mutation(handles.Parent, handles.Boundary);

guidata(hObject, handles);

offspring = zeros(Sz);

for cc=1:3

[offspring(:, :, cc), ta, tb, tc, td, te] = GUILogicRule(handles.Img, cc, handles.Offspring{1}(cc), handles.Offspring{2}(cc), handles.Offspring{3}(cc), handles.Offspring{6}(cc), 1, handles.Offspring{4}{cc}, handles.Offspring{5}{cc}, handles.Offspring{7}{cc});

end

handles.ParentImg = Parent;

handles.OffspringImg = offspring;

guidata(hObject, handles);

axes(handles.lambda);

image(Parent);

axes(handles.mu);

image(offspring);

set(handles.Generation, 'string', strcat('Generation: ', num2str(handles.GenerationCount)));