Shader学习的基础知识（十五）程序纹理

程序纹理指的是指那些用计算生的成的图像，通常使用一些特定的算法来创建个性化图案。其实就是把图像计算完成后再过赋予材质做显示。下面用一个简单的例子来说明，程序计算生成一个主图后赋予_MainTex直接以漫反射形式显示。

CS部分代码：

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

[ExecuteInEditMode]
public class ProceduralTextureGeneration : MonoBehaviour {

	public Material material = null;

	#region Material properties
	[SerializeField, SetProperty("textureWidth")]
	private int m_textureWidth = 512;
	public int textureWidth {
		get {
			return m_textureWidth;
		}
		set {
			m_textureWidth = value;
			_UpdateMaterial();
		}
	}

	[SerializeField, SetProperty("backgroundColor")]
	private Color m_backgroundColor = Color.white;
	public Color backgroundColor {
		get {
			return m_backgroundColor;
		}
		set {
			m_backgroundColor = value;
			_UpdateMaterial();
		}
	}

	[SerializeField, SetProperty("circleColor")]
	private Color m_circleColor = Color.yellow;
	public Color circleColor {
		get {
			return m_circleColor;
		}
		set {
			m_circleColor = value;
			_UpdateMaterial();
		}
	}

	[SerializeField, SetProperty("blurFactor")]
	private float m_blurFactor = 2.0f;
	public float blurFactor {
		get {
			return m_blurFactor;
		}
		set {
			m_blurFactor = value;
			_UpdateMaterial();
		}
	}
	#endregion

	private Texture2D m_generatedTexture = null;

	// Use this for initialization
	void Start () {
		if (material == null) {
			Renderer renderer = gameObject.GetComponent<Renderer>();
			if (renderer == null) {
				Debug.LogWarning("Cannot find a renderer.");
				return;
			}

			material = renderer.sharedMaterial;
		}

		_UpdateMaterial();
	}

	private void _UpdateMaterial() {
		if (material != null) {
			m_generatedTexture = _GenerateProceduralTexture();
			material.SetTexture("_MainTex", m_generatedTexture);
		}
	}

	private Color _MixColor(Color color0, Color color1, float mixFactor) {
		Color mixColor = Color.white;
		mixColor.r = Mathf.Lerp(color0.r, color1.r, mixFactor);
		mixColor.g = Mathf.Lerp(color0.g, color1.g, mixFactor);
		mixColor.b = Mathf.Lerp(color0.b, color1.b, mixFactor);
		mixColor.a = Mathf.Lerp(color0.a, color1.a, mixFactor);
		return mixColor;
	}

	private Texture2D _GenerateProceduralTexture() {
		Texture2D proceduralTexture = new Texture2D(textureWidth, textureWidth);

		// The interval between circles
		float circleInterval = textureWidth / 4.0f;
		// The radius of circles
		float radius = textureWidth / 10.0f;
		// The blur factor
		float edgeBlur = 1.0f / blurFactor;

		for (int w = 0; w < textureWidth; w++) {
			for (int h = 0; h < textureWidth; h++) {
				// Initalize the pixel with background color
				Color pixel = backgroundColor;

				// Draw nine circles one by one
				for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
					for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
						// Compute the center of current circle
						Vector2 circleCenter = new Vector2(circleInterval * (i + 1), circleInterval * (j + 1));

						// Compute the distance between the pixel and the center
						float dist = Vector2.Distance(new Vector2(w, h), circleCenter) - radius;

						// Blur the edge of the circle
						Color color = _MixColor(circleColor, new Color(pixel.r, pixel.g, pixel.b, 0.0f), Mathf.SmoothStep(0f, 1.0f, dist * edgeBlur));

						// Mix the current color with the previous color
						pixel = _MixColor(pixel, color, color.a);
					}
				}

				proceduralTexture.SetPixel(w, h, pixel);
			}
		}

		proceduralTexture.Apply();

		return proceduralTexture;
	}
}

Shader部分代码：

Shader "Custom/TestShader23" {
	Properties {
		_Color ("Color Tint", Color) = (1, 1, 1, 1)
		_MainTex ("Main Tex", 2D) = "white" {}
		_Specular ("Specular", Color) = (1, 1, 1, 1)
		_Gloss ("Gloss", Range(8.0, 256)) = 20
	}
	SubShader {		
		Pass { 
			Tags { "LightMode"="ForwardBase" }
		
			CGPROGRAM
			
			#pragma vertex vert
			#pragma fragment frag

			#include "Lighting.cginc"
			
			fixed4 _Color;
			sampler2D _MainTex;
			float4 _MainTex_ST;
			fixed4 _Specular;
			float _Gloss;
			
			struct a2v {
				float4 vertex : POSITION;
				float3 normal : NORMAL;
				float4 texcoord : TEXCOORD0;
			};
			
			struct v2f {
				float4 pos : SV_POSITION;
				float3 worldNormal : TEXCOORD0;
				float3 worldPos : TEXCOORD1;
				float2 uv : TEXCOORD2;
			};
			
			v2f vert(a2v v) {
				v2f o;
				o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
				
				o.worldNormal = UnityObjectToWorldNormal(v.normal);
				
				o.worldPos = mul(unity_ObjectToWorld, v.vertex).xyz;
				
				o.uv = v.texcoord.xy * _MainTex_ST.xy + _MainTex_ST.zw;
				// Or just call the built-in function
//				o.uv = TRANSFORM_TEX(v.texcoord, _MainTex);
				
				return o;
			}
			
			fixed4 frag(v2f i) : SV_Target {
				fixed3 worldNormal = normalize(i.worldNormal);
				fixed3 worldLightDir = normalize(UnityWorldSpaceLightDir(i.worldPos));
				
				// Use the texture to sample the diffuse color
				fixed3 albedo = tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv).rgb * _Color.rgb;
				
				fixed3 ambient = UNITY_LIGHTMODEL_AMBIENT.xyz * albedo;
				
				fixed3 diffuse = _LightColor0.rgb * albedo * max(0, dot(worldNormal, worldLightDir));
				
				fixed3 viewDir = normalize(UnityWorldSpaceViewDir(i.worldPos));
				fixed3 halfDir = normalize(worldLightDir + viewDir);
				fixed3 specular = _LightColor0.rgb * _Specular.rgb * pow(max(0, dot(worldNormal, halfDir)), _Gloss);
				
				return fixed4(ambient + diffuse + specular, 1.0);
			}
			
			ENDCG
		}
	} 
	FallBack "Specular"
}