ubuntu20.04装机指南

丶契阔

已于 2025-04-16 19:10:06 修改

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文章标签： ubuntu

于 2023-11-05 11:49:00 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_51580530/article/details/134228347

版权

由于ubuntu崩溃过后再装机真的很花费时间，这里一次性给出所有装机必备流程

显卡驱动和cuda

显卡驱动可以先
4060显卡驱动版本525
cuda版本12.0.0z
https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-toolkit-archive
下载对应的cuda_版本号.run文件
然后sh cuda_版本号.run

安装完成后配置环境变量在.bashrc里面

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/cuda/bin  
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/cuda/lib64  
export LIBRARY_PATH=$LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/cuda/lib64

nvidia-smi
nvcc -V

鱼香ros

wget http://fishros.com/install -O fishros && . fishros

cfw和proxychains

直接通过 apt 包管理工具就可以安装

sudo apt-get install -y proxychains4
安装完之后可以找到/etc/proxychains.conf或/etc/proxychains4.conf文件进行修改，一般请求下翻到最后一段修改代理服务器配置即可。


[ProxyList] # add proxy here … # meanwile # defaults set to “tor” socks5 192.168.56.1 1080

这里我设置的 socks5 代理，还支持http、socks4协议的代理，示例：


# Examples: # # socks5 192.168.67.78 1080 lamer secret # http 192.168.89.3 8080 justu hidden # socks4 192.168.1.49 1080 # http 192.168.39.93 8080

当然以上内容在/etc/proxychains.conf中都可以看到。

搜狗输入法

https://shurufa.sogou.com/linux/guide

sudo apt install fcitx

sudo dpkg -i sogoupinyin_版本号_amd64.deb

sudo apt install libqt5qml5 libqt5quick5 libqt5quickwidgets5 qml-module-qtquick2

sudo apt install libgsettings-qt1

sudo cp /usr/share/applications/fcitx.desktop /etc/xdg/autostart/
sudo apt purge ibus

terminator和gnome桌面插件

sudo apt-get install terminator
https://extensions.gnome.org/

apt install chrome-gnome-shell

一些好用的插件：
Dash to Dock （Dock增强）
system monitor （系统资源监视）
Bing Wallpaper (每日自动换壁纸)
Transparent Top Bar (半透明上边栏)
20.04下system monitor插件报错解决办法
sudo apt install libgtop2-dev

出现两个dock的解决办法

ubuntu-mainline-kernel

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pimlie/ubuntu-mainline-kernel.sh/master/ubuntu-mainline-kernel.sh
chmod +x ubuntu-mainline-kernel.sh
sudo mv ubuntu-mainline-kernel.sh /usr/local/bin/

oh-my-zsh

sudo apt install terminator
sudo apt install -y git curl wget zsh

sh -c "$(wget https://raw.github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh -O -)"

git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting
git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions.git $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions

所有配置文件均可在.zshrc里修改，需要在.zshrc里添加source /opt/ros/noetic/setup.zshrc

其他软件下载

wget https://lf3-ug-sign.feishucdn.com/ee-appcenter/018b8d40/Feishu-linux_x64-7.28.10.deb?lk3s=fb957577&x-expires=1731984344&x-signature=dFynlHQUPmZg11xNSMBYioud7tQ=

sudo dpkg -i Feishu-linux_x64-7.28.10.deb

wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb


wget https://repo.anaconda.com/archive/Anaconda3-2024.10-1-Linux-x86_64.sh

sudo apt update
sudo apt install gcc-10 g++-10
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-10 10
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-10 10
sudo update-alternatives --config gcc
sudo update-alternatives --config g++

wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/12.2.0/local_installers/cuda_12.2.0_535.54.03_linux.run
sudo sh cuda_12.2.0_535.54.03_linux.run

wget http://fishros.com/install -O fishros && . fishros
wget https://ime-sec.gtimg.com/202411191024/d92c0c976e3264e9466df1ac97cd06c7/pc/dl/gzindex/1680521603/sogoupinyin_4.2.1.145_amd64.deb

Zotero

wget https://download.zotero.org/client/release/7.0.9/Zotero-7.0.9_linux-x86_64.tar.bz2
wget https://github.com/windingwind/zotero-pdf-translate/releases/download/v2.1.5/translate-for-zotero.xpi

Linux
Official Tarball
Download the tarball, extract the contents, and run zotero from that directory to start Zotero.

For Ubuntu, the tarball includes a .desktop file that can be used to add Zotero to the launcher:

Move the extracted directory to a location of your choice (e.g., /opt/zotero).
Run the set_launcher_icon script from a terminal to update the .desktop file for that location. .desktop files require absolute paths for icons, so set_launcher_icon replaces the icon path with the current location of the icon based on where you’ve placed the directory.
Symlink zotero.desktop into ~/.local/share/applications/ (e.g., ln -s /opt/zotero/zotero.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/zotero.desktop)
Zotero should then appear either in your launcher or in the applications list when you click the grid icon (“Show Applications”), from which you can drag it to the launcher.

You may need to re-run set_launcher_icon after certain Zotero updates. If something isn’t working, it may help to remove the current symlink (~/.local/share/applications/zotero.desktop), wait a few seconds for Zotero to disappear from the launcher, and recreate it.