CCParticleSystem

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本文深入探讨了CC粒子系统的实现原理，包括如何通过plist文件创建系统、初始化粒子属性、设置不同运动模式（重力模式、半径模式）、以及粒子的生命周期管理。此外，还详细介绍了如何调整粒子的外观属性如颜色、大小、旋转等，以及系统的基本操作如启动、停止和重置。旨在为开发者提供全面的CC粒子系统使用指南。

#ifndef __CCPARTICLE_SYSTEM_H__

#define __CCPARTICLE_SYSTEM_H__

#include "CCProtocols.h"

#include "base_nodes/CCNode.h"

#include "cocoa/CCDictionary.h"

#include "cocoa/CCString.h"

NS_CC_BEGIN

/**

* @addtogroup particle_nodes

* @{

class CCParticleBatchNode;

//* @enum

enum {

/** The Particle emitter（发射器） lives forever */

kCCParticleDurationInfinity = -1,

/** The starting size of the particle is equal to the ending size */

kCCParticleStartSizeEqualToEndSize = -1,

/** The starting radius of the particle is equal to the ending radius */

kCCParticleStartRadiusEqualToEndRadius = -1,

// backward（向后的；反向的） compatible（兼容的）

kParticleStartSizeEqualToEndSize = kCCParticleStartSizeEqualToEndSize,

kParticleDurationInfinity = kCCParticleDurationInfinity, //Infinity 无穷；无限大

};

//* @enum

enum {

/** Gravity（重力） mode (A mode) */

kCCParticleModeGravity,

/** Radius mode (B mode) */

kCCParticleModeRadius,

};

/** @typedef tCCPositionType

possible types of particle positions //例子定位类型

typedef enum {

/** Living particles are attached（附上） to the world and are unaffected（ un受到影响的） by emitter repositioning( 重新布置，重新定位). */

kCCPositionTypeFree, //自由定位已经发射的粒子不随发射器位置改变而改变

/** Living particles are attached to the world but will follow the emitter repositioning.

Use case: Attach an emitter to an sprite, and you want that the emitter follows the sprite.

kCCPositionTypeRelative, //相对定位已经发射的粒子跟随发射器位置改变而改变

/** Living particles are attached to the emitter and are translated along with it. */

kCCPositionTypeGrouped, /////

}tCCPositionType;

// backward compatible(向后兼容)

enum {

kPositionTypeFree = kCCPositionTypeFree,

kPositionTypeGrouped = kCCPositionTypeGrouped,

};

/**

Structure that contains the values of each particle

typedef struct sCCParticle { //粒子属性

CCPoint pos; //位置

CCPoint startPos; //起始位置

ccColor4F color; // 颜色

ccColor4F deltaColor; //颜色增量

float size; //尺寸

float deltaSize; //尺寸增量

float rotation; //旋转角

float deltaRotation; //旋转角增量

float timeToLive; // 生存时间

unsigned int atlasIndex; //地图集索引

//! Mode A: gravity, direction, radial(半径的；放射状的；光线的) accel（加速（accelerate））, tangential（切线正切） accel

struct {

CCPoint dir; //速度方向

float radialAccel; //向心加速度

float tangentialAccel; //切向加速度

} modeA;

//! Mode B: radius mode

struct {

float angle;

float degreesPerSecond; // degrees 角度

float radius; //半径

float deltaRadius; //半径增量

} modeB;

}tCCParticle;

//typedef void (*CC_UPDATE_PARTICLE_IMP)(id, SEL, tCCParticle*, CCPoint);

class CCTexture2D;

/** @brief Particle System base class.

Attributes of a Particle System:

- emission rate of the particles

- Gravity Mode (Mode A):

- gravity

- direction

- speed +- variance

- tangential acceleration +- variance

- radial acceleration +- variance

- Radius Mode (Mode B):

- startRadius +- variance

- endRadius +- variance

- rotate +- variance

- Properties common to all modes:

- life +- life variance

- start spin +- variance

- end spin +- variance

- start size +- variance

- end size +- variance

- start color +- variance

- end color +- variance

- life +- variance

- blending function

- texture

cocos2d also supports particles generated by Particle Designer (http://particledesigner.71squared.com/).

'Radius Mode' in Particle Designer uses a fixed emit rate of 30 hz. Since that can't be guaranteed in cocos2d,

cocos2d uses a another approach, but the results are almost identical.

cocos2d supports all the variables used by Particle Designer plus a bit more:

- spinning particles (supported when using CCParticleSystemQuad)

- tangential acceleration (Gravity mode)

- radial acceleration (Gravity mode)

- radius direction (Radius mode) (Particle Designer supports outwards to inwards direction only)

It is possible to customize any of the above mentioned properties in runtime. Example:

@code

emitter.radialAccel = 15;

emitter.startSpin = 0;

@endcode

class CC_DLL CCParticleSystem : public CCNode, public CCTextureProtocol

{

protected:

std::string m_sPlistFile;

//! time elapsed since the start of the system (in seconds)

float m_fElapsed;

// Different modes

//! Mode A:Gravity + Tangential Accel + Radial Accel

struct {

/** Gravity value. Only available in 'Gravity' mode. */

CCPoint gravity;

/** speed of each particle. Only available in 'Gravity' mode. */

float speed;

/** speed variance of each particle. Only available in 'Gravity' mode. */

float speedVar;

/** tangential acceleration of each particle. Only available in 'Gravity' mode. */

float tangentialAccel;

/** tangential acceleration variance of each particle. Only available in 'Gravity' mode. */

float tangentialAccelVar;

/** radial acceleration of each particle. Only available in 'Gravity' mode. */

float radialAccel;

/** radial acceleration variance of each particle. Only available in 'Gravity' mode. */

float radialAccelVar;

/** set the rotation of each particle to its direction Only available in 'Gravity' mode. */

bool rotationIsDir;

} modeA;

//! Mode B: circular movement (gravity, radial accel and tangential accel don't are not used in this mode)

struct {

/** The starting radius of the particles. Only available in 'Radius' mode. */

float startRadius;

/** The starting radius variance of the particles. Only available in 'Radius' mode. */

float startRadiusVar;

/** The ending radius of the particles. Only available in 'Radius' mode. */

float endRadius;

/** The ending radius variance of the particles. Only available in 'Radius' mode. */

float endRadiusVar;

/** Number of degrees to rotate a particle around the source pos per second. Only available in 'Radius' mode. */

float rotatePerSecond;

/** Variance in degrees for rotatePerSecond. Only available in 'Radius' mode. */

float rotatePerSecondVar;

} modeB;

//! Array of particles

tCCParticle *m_pParticles;

// color modulate

// BOOL colorModulate;

//! How many particles can be emitted per second

float m_fEmitCounter;

//! particle idx

unsigned int m_uParticleIdx;

// Optimization

//CC_UPDATE_PARTICLE_IMP updateParticleImp;

//SEL updateParticleSel;

/** weak reference to the CCSpriteBatchNode that renders the CCSprite */

CC_PROPERTY(CCParticleBatchNode*, m_pBatchNode, BatchNode);

// index of system in batch node array

CC_SYNTHESIZE(unsigned int, m_uAtlasIndex, AtlasIndex);

//true if scaled or rotated

bool m_bTransformSystemDirty;

// Number of allocated particles

unsigned int m_uAllocatedParticles;

/** Is the emitter active */

bool m_bIsActive;

/** Quantity of particles that are being simulated at the moment */

CC_PROPERTY_READONLY(unsigned int, m_uParticleCount, ParticleCount)

/** How many seconds the emitter will run. -1 means 'forever' */

CC_PROPERTY(float, m_fDuration, Duration)

/** sourcePosition of the emitter */

CC_PROPERTY_PASS_BY_REF(CCPoint, m_tSourcePosition, SourcePosition)

/** Position variance of the emitter */

CC_PROPERTY_PASS_BY_REF(CCPoint, m_tPosVar, PosVar)

/** life, and life variation of each particle */

CC_PROPERTY(float, m_fLife, Life)

/** life variance of each particle */

CC_PROPERTY(float, m_fLifeVar, LifeVar)

/** angle and angle variation of each particle */

CC_PROPERTY(float, m_fAngle, Angle)

/** angle variance of each particle */

CC_PROPERTY(float, m_fAngleVar, AngleVar)

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

public:

// mode A

virtual const CCPoint& getGravity();

virtual void setGravity(const CCPoint& g);

virtual float getSpeed();

virtual void setSpeed(float speed);

virtual float getSpeedVar();

virtual void setSpeedVar(float speed);

virtual float getTangentialAccel();

virtual void setTangentialAccel(float t);

virtual float getTangentialAccelVar();

virtual void setTangentialAccelVar(float t);

virtual float getRadialAccel();

virtual void setRadialAccel(float t);

virtual float getRadialAccelVar();

virtual void setRadialAccelVar(float t);

virtual bool getRotationIsDir();

virtual void setRotationIsDir(bool t);

// mode B

virtual float getStartRadius();

virtual void setStartRadius(float startRadius);

virtual float getStartRadiusVar();

virtual void setStartRadiusVar(float startRadiusVar);

virtual float getEndRadius();

virtual void setEndRadius(float endRadius);

virtual float getEndRadiusVar();

virtual void setEndRadiusVar(float endRadiusVar);

virtual float getRotatePerSecond();

virtual void setRotatePerSecond(float degrees);

virtual float getRotatePerSecondVar();

virtual void setRotatePerSecondVar(float degrees);

virtual void setScale(float s);

virtual void setRotation(float newRotation);

virtual void setScaleX(float newScaleX);

virtual void setScaleY(float newScaleY);

virtual bool isActive();

virtual bool isBlendAdditive();

virtual void setBlendAdditive(bool value);

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

/** start size in pixels of each particle */

CC_PROPERTY(float, m_fStartSize, StartSize)

/** size variance in pixels of each particle */

CC_PROPERTY(float, m_fStartSizeVar, StartSizeVar)

/** end size in pixels of each particle */

CC_PROPERTY(float, m_fEndSize, EndSize)

/** end size variance in pixels of each particle */

CC_PROPERTY(float, m_fEndSizeVar, EndSizeVar)

/** start color of each particle */

CC_PROPERTY_PASS_BY_REF(ccColor4F, m_tStartColor, StartColor)

/** start color variance of each particle */

CC_PROPERTY_PASS_BY_REF(ccColor4F, m_tStartColorVar, StartColorVar)

/** end color and end color variation of each particle */

CC_PROPERTY_PASS_BY_REF(ccColor4F, m_tEndColor, EndColor)

/** end color variance of each particle */

CC_PROPERTY_PASS_BY_REF(ccColor4F, m_tEndColorVar, EndColorVar)

//* initial angle of each particle

CC_PROPERTY(float, m_fStartSpin, StartSpin)

//* initial angle of each particle

CC_PROPERTY(float, m_fStartSpinVar, StartSpinVar)

//* initial angle of each particle

CC_PROPERTY(float, m_fEndSpin, EndSpin)

//* initial angle of each particle

CC_PROPERTY(float, m_fEndSpinVar, EndSpinVar)

/** emission rate of the particles */

CC_PROPERTY(float, m_fEmissionRate, EmissionRate)

/** maximum particles of the system */

CC_PROPERTY(unsigned int, m_uTotalParticles, TotalParticles)

/** conforms to CocosNodeTexture protocol */

CC_PROPERTY(CCTexture2D*, m_pTexture, Texture)

/** conforms to CocosNodeTexture protocol */

CC_PROPERTY(ccBlendFunc, m_tBlendFunc, BlendFunc)

/** does the alpha value modify color */

CC_PROPERTY(bool, m_bOpacityModifyRGB, OpacityModifyRGB)

/** whether or not the particles are using blend additive.

If enabled, the following blending function will be used.

@code

source blend function = GL_SRC_ALPHA;

dest blend function = GL_ONE;

@endcode

bool m_bIsBlendAdditive;

/** particles movement type: Free or Grouped

@since v0.8

CC_PROPERTY(tCCPositionType, m_ePositionType, PositionType)

/** whether or not the node will be auto-removed when it has no particles left.

By default it is false.

@since v0.8

protected:

bool m_bIsAutoRemoveOnFinish;

public:

virtual bool isAutoRemoveOnFinish();

virtual void setAutoRemoveOnFinish(bool var);

/** Switch between different kind of emitter modes:

- kCCParticleModeGravity: uses gravity, speed, radial and tangential acceleration

- kCCParticleModeRadius: uses radius movement + rotation

CC_PROPERTY(int, m_nEmitterMode, EmitterMode)

public:

CCParticleSystem();

virtual ~CCParticleSystem();

/** creates an initializes a CCParticleSystem from a plist file.

This plist files can be created manually or with Particle Designer:

http://particledesigner.71squared.com/

@since v2.0

static CCParticleSystem * create(const char *plistFile);

//! create a system with a fixed number of particles

static CCParticleSystem* createWithTotalParticles(unsigned int numberOfParticles);

/** initializes a CCParticleSystem*/

bool init();

/** initializes a CCParticleSystem from a plist file.

This plist files can be created manually or with Particle Designer:

http://particledesigner.71squared.com/

@since v0.99.3

bool initWithFile(const char *plistFile);

/** initializes a CCQuadParticleSystem from a CCDictionary.

@since v0.99.3

bool initWithDictionary(CCDictionary *dictionary);

/** initializes a particle system from a NSDictionary and the path from where to load the png

@since v2.1

bool initWithDictionary(CCDictionary *dictionary, const char *dirname);

//! Initializes a system with a fixed number of particles

virtual bool initWithTotalParticles(unsigned int numberOfParticles);

//! Add a particle to the emitter

bool addParticle();

//! Initializes a particle

void initParticle(tCCParticle* particle);

//! stop emitting particles. Running particles will continue to run until they die

void stopSystem();

//! Kill all living particles.

void resetSystem();

//! whether or not the system is full

bool isFull();

//! should be overridden by subclasses

virtual void updateQuadWithParticle(tCCParticle* particle, const CCPoint& newPosition);

//! should be overridden by subclasses

virtual void postStep();

virtual void update(float dt);

virtual void updateWithNoTime(void);

protected:

virtual void updateBlendFunc();

};

// end of particle_nodes group

/// @}

NS_CC_END

#endif //__CCPARTICLE_SYSTEM_H__