异常：UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters 处理办法

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本文介绍了一种解决pip安装Python包过程中出现的UnicodeDecodeError的方法。问题源于pip加载包含中文的用户目录时无法使用ascii编码处理。解决办法是在Python27Libsite-packages目录下创建sitecustomize.py文件，并设置默认编码为GB18030。

Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\developer\Python27\lib\site-packages\pip-1.4.1-py2.7.egg\pip\basecomm
and.py", line 134, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "D:\developer\Python27\lib\site-packages\pip-1.4.1-py2.7.egg\pip\commands
\install.py", line 236, in run
requirement_set.prepare_files(finder, force_root_egg_info=self.bundle, bundl
e=self.bundle)
File "D:\developer\Python27\lib\site-packages\pip-1.4.1-py2.7.egg\pip\req.py",
line 1092, in prepare_files
self.unpack_url(url, location, self.is_download)
File "D:\developer\Python27\lib\site-packages\pip-1.4.1-py2.7.egg\pip\req.py",
line 1238, in unpack_url
retval = unpack_http_url(link, location, self.download_cache, self.download_
dir)
File "D:\developer\Python27\lib\site-packages\pip-1.4.1-py2.7.egg\pip\download
.py", line 621, in unpack_http_url
temp_location = os.path.join(temp_dir, filename)
File "D:\developer\Python27\lib\ntpath.py", line 108, in join
path += "\\" + b
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xb1 in position 9: ordinal
not in range(128)

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\developer\Python27\Scripts\pip-script.py", line 9, in <module>
load_entry_point('pip==1.4.1', 'console_scripts', 'pip')()
File "D:\developer\Python27\lib\site-packages\pip-1.4.1-py2.7.egg\pip\__init__
.py", line 148, in main
return command.main(args[1:], options)
File "D:\developer\Python27\lib\site-packages\pip-1.4.1-py2.7.egg\pip\basecomm
and.py", line 169, in main
text = '\n'.join(complete_log)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xb1 in position 34: ordinal
not in range(128)

方法如下：

原因是pip安装python包会加载我的用户目录，我的用户目录恰好是中文的，ascii不能编码。

解决办法是：
python目录 Python27\Lib\site-packages 建一个文件sitecustomize.py
内容写：
import sys
sys.setdefaultencoding('GB18030')

python会自动运行这个文件。

只有这个GB18030可以不不抛异常，如果是utf-8则会抛：

ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.python.org', port=443): Read timed out.异常