静态路由实验

1.实验拓扑图

2.实验需求
（1）除了R5的环回地址固定5.5.5.0/24，其他网段基于192.168.1.0/24进行合理划分；

（2）R1-R4每个路由器存在两个环回接口，模拟PC，地址也在192.168.1.0/24网络内；

（3）R1-R4不能直接编写到达5.5.5.0/24的静态路由，但依然可以访问；

（4）全网可达，尽量减少每台路由器路由条目数量，避免环路；

（5）R4与R5间，正常1000M链路通信，故障时自动改为100M；
3.实验步骤

1.将192.168.1.0/24 划分为5个大的网段，骨干链路加四个环回

骨干链路   192.168.1.0000 0000  192.168.1.0/27 

                192.168.1 000 000 00  192.168.1.0/30

                192.168.1 000 001 00  192.168.1.4/30

                192.168.1 000 010 00  192.168.1.8/30

                192.168.1 000 011 00  192.168.1.12/30

                192.168.1 000 100 00  192.168.1.16/30

                192.168.1 000 101 00  192.168.1.20/30

R1环回    192.168.1.0010 0000  192.168.1.32/27 

                192.168.1.0010 0000  192.168.1.32/28

                192.168.1.0011 0000  192.168.1.48/28

R2环回     192.168.1.0100 0000  192.168.1.64/27 

                 192.168.1.0100 0000  192.168.1.64/28

                 192.168.1.0101.0000  192.168.1.80/28

R3环回     192.168.1.0110 0000  192.168.1.96/27 

                 192.168.1.0110 0000  192.168.1.96/28

                  192.168.1.0111.0000  192.168.1.112/28

R4环回     192.168.1.1000 0000  192.168.1.128/27

                192.168.1.1000.0000  192.168.1.128/28

                192.168.1.1001 0000  192.168.1.144/28

2.配置IP

R1
[R1]int g0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 30

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.2 30

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0

[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.33 28

[R1-LoopBack0]int l1

[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.49 28

R2
[R2]int g0/0/0

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.2 30

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.9 30

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0

[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.65 28

[R2-LoopBack0]int l1

[R2-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.81 28

R3
[R3]int g0/0/0

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.13 30

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add192.168.1.6 30

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0

[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.97 28

[R3-LoopBack0]int l1

[R3-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.113 28

R4
[R4]int g0/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.10 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.14 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.17 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g4/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.21 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]int l0

[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.129 28

[R4-LoopBack0]int l1

[R4-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.145 28

R5
[R5]int g0/0/0

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.18 30

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.22 30

[R5]int l0

[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 24

3.配置静态路由

R1
R1] ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2

[R1] ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[R1] ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6
[R1] ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192. 168.1.2
[R1 ]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6
[R1 ]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
[R1] ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6
[R1 ]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6
 

R2
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1

R3
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 28 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14

R4
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9

R5
R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21

4.配置缺省路由，实现5.5.5.5/24互通，和全网通。

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6

[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14
全网通测试

5.防环处理，配置路由黑洞

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0
6.

做备份，通过改变路由条目优先级实现
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21 pre 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21 pre 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21 pre 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 pre 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21 pre 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21 pre 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21 pre 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21 pre 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
7.1000mb/s链路连通时测试

8.1000mb/s链路故障时测试