cnn

# encoding=utf-8
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data

mnist = input_data.read_data_sets('MNIST_data', one_hot=True)

def weight_variable(shape):
initial = tf.truncated_normal(shape, stddev=0.1) # 截断正态分布，此函数原型为尺寸、均值、标准差
return tf.Variable(initial)

def bias_variable(shape):
initial = tf.constant(0.1, shape=shape)
return tf.Variable(initial)

def conv2d(x, W):
return tf.nn.conv2d(x, W, strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding='SAME') # strides第0位和第3为一定为1，剩下的是卷积的横向和纵向步长

def max_pool_2x2(x):
return tf.nn.max_pool(x, ksize=[1, 2, 2, 1], strides=[1, 2, 2, 1], padding='SAME') # 参数同上，ksize是池化块的大小

x = tf.placeholder("float", shape=[None, 784])
y_ = tf.placeholder("float", shape=[None, 10])
#添加一个新的占位符用于输入正确值

# 图像转化为一个四维张量，第一个参数代表样本数量，-1表示不定，第二三参数代表图像尺寸，最后一个参数代表图像通道数
x_image = tf.reshape(x, [-1, 28, 28, 1])

# 第一层卷积加池化
w_conv1 = weight_variable([5, 5, 1, 32]) # 第一二参数值得卷积核尺寸大小，即patch，第三个参数是图像通道数，第四个参数是卷积核的数目，代表会出现多少个卷积特征
b_conv1 = bias_variable([32])

h_conv1 = tf.nn.relu(conv2d(x_image, w_conv1) + b_conv1) # conv1d,conv2d,conv3d分别代表一维、二维、三维卷积
h_pool1 = max_pool_2x2(h_conv1)

# 第二层卷积加池化
w_conv2 = weight_variable([5, 5, 32, 64]) # 多通道卷积，卷积出64个特征
b_conv2 = bias_variable([64])

h_conv2 = tf.nn.relu(conv2d(h_pool1, w_conv2) + b_conv2)
h_pool2 = max_pool_2x2(h_conv2)

# 原图像尺寸28*28，第一轮图像缩小为14*14，共有32张，第二轮后图像缩小为7*7，共有64张

w_fc1 = weight_variable([7 * 7 * 64, 1024])
b_fc1 = bias_variable([1024])

h_pool2_flat = tf.reshape(h_pool2, [-1, 7 * 7 * 64]) # 展开，第一个参数为样本数量，-1未知
f_fc1 = tf.nn.relu(tf.matmul(h_pool2_flat, w_fc1) + b_fc1)

# dropout操作，减少过拟合
keep_prob = tf.placeholder(tf.float32)
h_fc1_drop = tf.nn.dropout(f_fc1, keep_prob)

w_fc2 = weight_variable([1024, 10])
b_fc2 = bias_variable([10])
y_conv = tf.nn.softmax(tf.matmul(h_fc1_drop, w_fc2) + b_fc2)

cross_entropy = -tf.reduce_sum(y_ * tf.log(y_conv)) # 定义交叉熵为loss函数 tf.reduce_sum()求和函数
train_step = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(1e-4).minimize(cross_entropy) # 调用优化器优化
#train_step = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(1e-4).minimize(cross_entropy)
correct_prediction = tf.equal(tf.argmax(y_conv, 1), tf.argmax(y_, 1))
##tf.argmax 是一个非常有用的函数，它能给出某个tensor对象在某一维上的其数据最大值所在的索引值
accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_prediction, "float"))
#将correct_prediction得到的一组布尔值求平均，如[1,0,1,1]等于0.75


sess = tf.InteractiveSession()
sess.run(tf.initialize_all_variables())
for i in range(2000):
batch = mnist.train.next_batch(50)
if i % 100 == 0:
train_accuracy = accuracy.eval(feed_dict={x: batch[0], y_: batch[1], keep_prob: 1.0})
print("step {}, the train accuracy:{}".format(i, train_accuracy))
train_step.run(feed_dict={x: batch[0], y_: batch[1], keep_prob: 0.5})
#print("the test accuracy:{}".format(test_accuracy))
print("test accuracy {}".format(accuracy.eval(feed_dict={x:mnist.test.images[0:500],y_:mnist.test.labels[0:500],keep_prob:1.0})))