win10 linux 子系统 wsl2实现ip自动转发

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#linux #tcp/ip #运维

本文介绍如何在Windows 10的WSL2环境中，通过bash和VBS脚本解决因系统更新导致的wsl子系统IP变化问题，实现自动的IP转发，确保服务在系统重启后仍能无缝连接。

win10 系统带linux子系统有两个版本

第一个是wsl，它与windows 系统公用同1个ip地址，但是没有自己内核，不支持docker
第二个版本是wsl2，它可以使用docker，但是它的网卡每次启动都随机使用ip，所以重启后每次都必须手动进行ip 转发。

例如：

netsh interface portproxy reset
netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=22 connectaddress=192.168.44.155 connectport=22
netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=8091 connectaddress=192.168.44.155 connectport=8091
netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=3351 connectaddress=192.168.44.155 connectport=3351
netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=3352 connectaddress=192.168.44.155 connectport=3352
netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=3353 connectaddress=192.168.44.155 connectport=3353
netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=3354 connectaddress=192.168.44.155 connectport=3354
netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=3355 connectaddress=192.168.44.155 connectport=3355
netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=3356 connectaddress=192.168.44.155 connectport=3356
netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=8888 connectaddress=192.168.44.155 connectport=8888
netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=8080 connectaddress=192.168.44.155 connectport=8080
netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=8081 connectaddress=192.168.44.155 connectport=8081
netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=8761 connectaddress=192.168.44.155 connectport=8761
netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=8890 connectaddress=192.168.44.155 connectport=8890
netsh interface portproxy show all

但由于微软系统的不稳定性，经常无故重启，大部分都是更新引起的，禁了更新一两周内仍会自己重启，好智障。

一旦重启后，由于wsl的子系统ip地址变了，所有的服务都连不上…

痛定思楚，便有了下面的解决办法。

1. 编写bash 脚本获取子系统ip

由于安装了docker 的关系，简单的hostname -l 会返回两个ip，而我们只想要eth0 网卡那个。

gateman@DESKTOP-UIU9RFJ:~$ hostname -I
192.168.77.113 172.17.0.1

但是在上一级语言去 call linux管道命令是很麻烦的，所以编写了脚本getip 去获取ip

gateman@DESKTOP-UIU9RFJ:~$ cat /usr/bin/getip
ifconfig  eth0 | head -n2 | grep inet | awk '{print$2}'
gateman@DESKTOP-UIU9RFJ:~$ getip
192.168.77.113
gateman@DESKTOP-UIU9RFJ:~$

这个就是我们想要的.

2. 编写vbs脚本进行自动ip转发

在下面的目录创建1个posts.vbs文件
C:\Users\xxxxxxx\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup

内容
只有3个地方有可能要修改
1是第一行wsl2 name
2是要转发的端口list
3是存放ip地址的临时文件位置

wslname = "Ubuntu" 'the name of your wls system, could be checked by command wsl -l

Dim ports
'the ports which need to process ip forward
ports = Array(22,8080,8091,3351,3352,3353,3354,3355,3356,8888,8081,8761,8890)

'the file to store wls ip
ipTemp = "C:\Temp\wslip.txt"


If WScript.Arguments.Length = 0 Then
    'to get the admin right to run the ip forward commands
    CreateObject("Shell.Application").ShellExecute "wscript.exe" _
    , """" & WScript.ScriptFullName & """ RunAsAdministrator", , "runas", 1
    WScript.Quit
End If

Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set objShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")

'to get the eth0 ip address of the sub linux system, the script getip is in /usr/bin, and save the ipadress to C:\Temp\wslip.txt
writeip = objShell.Run("cmd /c ""wsl -d " + wslname + " -u root getip"">" + ipTemp,0,True)

'wscript.sleep(1000)'just incase some network problem

'get the ip from ip file
Set f = fso.OpenTextFile(ipTemp, 1)
wslip = f.ReadAll()
f.Close()

'execute the ip forward command for each port number from the list
For i = 0 To UBound(ports)
    port = ports(i)
    command = "cmd /c ""netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenport=" & port & " listenaddress=0.0.0.0 connectport=" & port & " connectaddress=" + wslip
    forwarding = objShell.Run(command,0,True)
Next

重启后
用powershell执行下面命令就可以看到自动ip转发是否成功

PS C:\Users\gateman> netsh interface portproxy show all

侦听 ipv4:                 连接到 ipv4:

地址            端口        地址            端口
--------------- ----------  --------------- ----------
0.0.0.0         22          192.168.77.113  22
0.0.0.0         8091        192.168.77.113  8091
0.0.0.0         3351        192.168.77.113  3351
0.0.0.0         3352        192.168.77.113  3352
0.0.0.0         3353        192.168.77.113  3353
0.0.0.0         3354        192.168.77.113  3354
0.0.0.0         3355        192.168.77.113  3355
0.0.0.0         3356        192.168.77.113  3356
0.0.0.0         8888        192.168.77.113  8888
0.0.0.0         8080        192.168.77.113  8080
0.0.0.0         8081        192.168.77.113  8081
0.0.0.0         8761        192.168.77.113  8761
0.0.0.0         8890        192.168.77.113  8890