基于matlab模拟ATM断层扫描_matlab环扫层析代码-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/matlab_dingdang/article/details/131442956

ATM断层扫描是一种航空激光雷达测绘技术，通过飞行器上的激光雷达传感器获取地表信息。文章介绍了其工作原理，包括数据采集、激光测距、接收数据、位置定位和数据处理，最终进行三维地形重建。提供的MATLAB代码示例涉及生成相位掩模和抑制旁瓣的技术，适用于信号处理和图像处理领域。

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⛄ 内容介绍

ATM断层扫描（Airborne Topographic Mapper）是一种航空激光雷达测绘技术，用于获取地表高程数据和三维地形信息。下面是ATM断层扫描的基本工作原理：

数据采集：ATM系统安装在飞行器上，通常是飞机或直升机。它配备有激光雷达传感器和GPS/惯性导航系统。飞行器以一定的速度在目标区域上空飞行，同时激光雷达发射脉冲激光束。
激光测距：脉冲激光束从飞行器发射，经过大气层并照射到地面。当激光束与地面相交时，部分能量会被反射回传感器。
接收数据：ATM系统接收被反射回的激光脉冲，并记录相关信息，如时间、位置、激光强度等。
位置定位：通过GPS/惯性导航系统，获取飞行器在记录激光数据时的精确位置和姿态信息。
数据处理：将激光测得的高程数据与位置信息结合，在地球坐标系中生成点云数据集。此过程包括去除系统差、时间同步、辐射校正和地面特征提取等处理。
三维重建：基于点云数据集，可以进行三维地形重建。通过插值方法生成平滑的高程模型，并将其可视化为数字地图或影像。

ATM断层扫描技术具有较高的精度和分辨率，广泛应用于地质、地表变化监测、冰川测量、地形研究以及环境保护等领域。

⛄ 部分代码

clear all; close all%%%%%%%%%%%% Parameters %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%                width  =  1920;   % width of original mask        height =  1080;   % height of original mask        H = 500;          % height of the side-lobe suppresed mask               %%%%%%%%%%%% generating phase mask %%%%%%   %pixel_y0 = 0;z = 1e+6;for i = 1:1080    for j = 1:1080               pixel_x(i,j) = (-540 + i);        pixel_y(i,j) = (-540 + j);        new_pixel_x(i,j)=cos(45/180*pi)*pixel_x(i,j)+sin(45/180*pi)*pixel_y(i,j);        new_pixel_y(i,j)=cos(45/180*pi)*pixel_y(i,j)-sin(45/180*pi)*pixel_x(i,j);        pixel_val(i,j) = 0.3*((new_pixel_x(i,j))^3 + (new_pixel_y(i,j))^3) ...            - 0*(1*(pixel_x(i,j))^2 + 1*(pixel_y(i,j)-pixel_y0)^2) ...            - 0 * pixel_y(i,j)^2;                  pixel_val(i,j) = pixel_val(i,j)/z;                  if (abs(pixel_val(i,j)) > (2*pi))            pixel_val(i,j) = mod(pixel_val(i,j), (2*pi));            else if (pixel_val(i,j) < 0)            pixel_val(i,j) = (2*pi) + pixel_val(i,j);             end        end             phasemask(i,j) = pixel_val(i,j)/2/pi;      endendfigure(1);imshow(phasemask);%%%%%%%%%%%% side-lobe suppressed mask %%%%%%phasemask_b=phasemask(291:790,:);figure(2);imshow(phasemask_b);%%%%%%%%%%%% side-lobe suppressed mask with chirp %%%%%%lambda = 680e-9;focus = 20e-2;fsf = 8e-6;dx=1;dy=1;z0 =5e-3;[chirpX, chirpY] = meshgrid(((-539:1:540)+dx)/(lambda*focus/fsf),((-539:1:540)+dy)/(lambda*focus/fsf));chirp_angle = sqrt(max(0,lambda^(-2)-chirpX.^2-chirpY.^2));chirp_mask = phasemask*255/256*2*pi-2*pi*chirp_angle*z0;angle_total= (chirp_mask*256/2/pi-256*floor(chirp_mask/2/pi))/256;phasemask_c=angle_total(291:790,:);figure(3);imshow(phasemask_c);%}%%%%%%%%%%%% side-lobe suppressed mask with chirp with grating %%%%%% Grat_period=6;         % period of grating for n=1:width          % generating grating    pixel(n)=mod(width-n,Grat_period)/Grat_period;end  Grating=repmat(pixel,height,1); phasemask_d=phasemask_c+Grating(291:790,421:1500);for i=1:500    for j=1:1080        if phasemask_d(i,j)>1 phasemask_d(i,j)=phasemask_d(i,j)-1;end    endendfigure(4);imshow(phasemask_d);%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%rotation for S2%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Grat_period=50;        % period of grating for n=1:width          % generating grating    pixel(n)=mod(width-n,Grat_period)/Grat_period;end  Grating=repmat(pixel,height,1); theta=45;               %%%% angel for rotation    for i = 1:1530    for j = 1:1530                pixel_x(i,j) = (-765 + i);        pixel_y(i,j) = (-765 + j);        new_pixel_x(i,j)=cos((theta+45)/180*pi)*pixel_x(i,j)+sin((theta+45)/180*pi)*pixel_y(i,j);        new_pixel_y(i,j)=cos((theta+45)/180*pi)*pixel_y(i,j)-sin((theta+45)/180*pi)*pixel_x(i,j);        pixel_val(i,j) = 0.17*((new_pixel_x(i,j))^3 + (new_pixel_y(i,j))^3) ...            - 0*(1*(pixel_x(i,j))^2 + 1*(pixel_y(i,j)-pixel_y0)^2) ...            - 0 * pixel_y(i,j)^2;                  pixel_val(i,j) = pixel_val(i,j)/z;                     if (abs(pixel_val(i,j)) > (2*pi))            pixel_val(i,j) = mod(pixel_val(i,j), (2*pi));            else if (pixel_val(i,j) < 0)            pixel_val(i,j) = (2*pi) + pixel_val(i,j);             end        end                phasemask(i,j) = pixel_val(i,j)/2/pi;       end    end    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%cut the mask%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%    phase_1=zeros(1920,1920);    phase_1(421:1500,421:1500)=phasemask(226:1305,226:1305);    phase_1=phase_1(421:1500,:);for i=1:height    for j=1:width        if phase_1(i,j)>1 phase_1(i,j)=phase_1(i,j)-1;        end    endend pixel_val2=ones(500,1530); piexl_val3= imrotate(pixel_val2,theta); [sizex,sizey]=size(piexl_val3); if sizex>1080     x1=floor((sizex-1080)/2);         piexl_val3=piexl_val3(x1:x1+1080-1,:); end if sizey>1080     y1=floor((sizey-1080)/2);     piexl_val3=piexl_val3(:,y1:y1+1080-1); end phasemask=piexl_val3;image_grating1 = zeros(1080,1920);[maskx,masky]=size(phasemask);    XX=floor((1080-maskx)/2)+1;    YY=floor((1920-masky)/2)+1;image_grating2=image_grating1(XX:XX+maskx-1,YY:YY+masky-1);SS=image_grating2.*(~logical(phasemask))+phasemask;image_grating1(XX:XX+maskx-1,YY:YY+masky-1)=SS;image_pm = zeros(1080,1920);image_pm =image_grating1;image_pm_not=not(image_pm);image_2=image_pm_not.*Grating;phasemask=phase_1.*image_pm+image_2;figure(5);imshow(phasemask);