【特征提取】语音信号短时能量含Matlab源码

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本文介绍了一种基于短时能量的语音信号端点检测方法，并通过实验验证了该方法的有效性。采用不同短时能量计算方式及阈值进行检测。

1 简介

语音信号端点检测是语音信号的预处理,正确的语音信号端点检测结果直接影响语音识别等后续工作的运算量和准确率.本文介绍了时域方法中基于短时能量的语音信号端点检测方法,并用三种不同的短时能量计算方式和五种短时能量闲值进行了端点检测实验.

2 完整代码

clear all; clc; close all;filedir=[];                % 设置路径filename='s.wav';   % 设置文件名fle=[filedir filename];    % 构成完整的路径和文件名[x,Fs]=audioread(fle);     % 读入数据文件wlen=200; inc=80;          % 给出帧长和帧移win=hanning(wlen);         % 给出海宁窗N=length(x);               % 信号长度X=enframe(x,win,inc)';     % 分帧fn=size(X,2);              % 求出帧数。size函数里选择1时是返回行数，2是返回列数time=(0:N-1)/Fs;           % 计算出信号的时间刻度for i=1 : fn    u=X(:,i);              % 取出一帧    u2=u.*u;               % 求出能量    En(i)=sum(u2);         % 对一帧累加求和endsubplot 211; plot(time,x,'k'); % 画出时间波形 title('语音波形');ylabel('幅值'); xlabel(['时间/s' 10 '(a)']);frameTime=frame2time(fn,wlen,inc,Fs);   % 求出每帧对应的时间subplot 212; plot(frameTime,En,'k')     % 画出短时能量图title('短时能量'); ylabel('幅值'); xlabel(['时间/s' 10 '(b)']);

function frameTime=frame2time(frameNum,framelen,inc,fs)% ================= 计算分帧后每一帧对应的时间=====================% ================= 输     入 ===================================%frameNum          :  总帧数%framelen          ： 帧长%inc               :  帧移%fs                ： 采样频率%================== 输     出 ====================================%frametime         ： 每帧的时间，即取这一帧数据中间位置的时间frameTime=(((1:frameNum)-1)*inc+framelen/2)/fs;

function f=enframe(x,win,inc) %ENFRAME split signal up into (overlapping) frames: one per row. F=(X,WIN,INC) % %  F = ENFRAME(X,LEN) splits the vector X up into %  frames. Each frame is of length LEN and occupies %  one row of the output matrix. The last few frames of X %  will be ignored if its length is not divisible by LEN. %  It is an error if X is shorter than LEN. % %  F = ENFRAME(X,LEN,INC) has frames beginning at increments of INC %  The centre of frame I is X((I-1)*INC+(LEN+1)/2) for I=1,2,... %  The number of frames is fix((length(X)-LEN+INC)/INC) % %  F = ENFRAME(X,WINDOW) or ENFRAME(X,WINDOW,INC) multiplies %  each frame by WINDOW(:)  %     Copyright (C) Mike Brookes 1997 %      Version: $Id: enframe.m,v 1.3 2005/02/21 15:22:12 dmb Exp $ % %   VOICEBOX is a MATLAB toolbox for speech processing. %   Home page: http://www.ee.ic.ac.uk/hp/staff/dmb/voicebox/voicebox.html % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify %   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by %   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or %   (at your option) any later version. % %   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, %   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of %   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the %   GNU General Public License for more details. % %   You can obtain a copy of the GNU General Public License from %   ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu/COPYING-2.0 or by writing to %   Free Software Foundation, Inc.,675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%  nx=length(x); nwin=length(win); if (nwin == 1)    len = win; else    len = nwin; end if (nargin < 3)    inc = len; end nf = fix((nx-len+inc)/inc); f=zeros(nf,len); indf= inc*(0:(nf-1)).'; inds = (1:len); f(:) = x(indf(:,ones(1,len))+inds(ones(nf,1),:)); if (nwin > 1)     w = win(:)';     f = f .* w(ones(nf,1),:); end