题目链接
Solution
把题中 f ( l , r ) f(l,\ r) f(l, r) 的定义改为 f ( l − 1 , r ) f(l - 1, \ r) f(l−1, r),即令 f ( l , r ) : = f ( l − 1 , r ) f(l, \ r) := f(l - 1, \ r) f(l, r):=f(l−1, r),如下式所示,其中 s i = ∑ j = 1 i a j s_i = \sum\limits_{j = 1}^{i}{a_j} si=j=1∑iaj,表示 a i a_i ai 的前缀和
f ( l , r ) = ( s r − s l + r ( r + 1 ) 2 − l ( l + 1 ) 2 + k ) 2 f(l, \ r) = (s_r - s_l + \frac{r(r + 1)}{2} - \frac{l(l + 1)}{2} + k)^2 f(l, r)=(sr−sl+2r(r+1)−2l(l+1)+k)2
再令 v i = s i + i ( i + 1 ) 2 v_i = s_i + \frac{i(i + 1)}{2} vi=si+2i(i+1),化简得
f ( l , r ) = [ ( v r + k ) − v l ] 2 = ( v r + k ) 2 + v l 2 − 2 ( v r + k