python 作图的学习笔记

python 作图的学习笔记

笔记，代码都来自于网络，来源都有注明

1 Fill Between and Alpha

代码来源：matplotlib examples

# 导入需要的包
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

# 创造一些数据
Nsteps, Nwalkers = 100, 250
t = np.arange(Nsteps)

S1 = 0.002 + 0.01*np.random.randn(Nsteps, Nwalkers)
S2 = 0.004 + 0.02*np.random.randn(Nsteps, Nwalkers)

X1 = S1.cumsum(axis=0)
X2 = S2.cumsum(axis=0)

# 计算均值和标准差
mu1 = X1.mean(axis=1)
sigma1 = X1.std(axis=1)
mu2 = X2.mean(axis=1)
sigma2 = X2.std(axis=1)

# 画图
fig, ax = plt.subplots(1)
ax.plot(t, mu1, lw=2, label='mean population 1', color='blue')
ax.plot(t, mu2, lw=2, label='mean population 2', color='yellow')
ax.fill_between(t, mu1+sigma1, mu1-sigma1, facecolor='blue', alpha=0.5)  # fill_between()
ax.fill_between(t, mu2+sigma2, mu2-sigma2, facecolor='yellow', alpha=0.5)
ax.set_title(r'random walkers empirical $\mu$ and $\pm \sigma$ interval')
ax.legend(loc='upper left')
ax.set_xlabel('num steps')
ax.set_ylabel('position')
ax.grid()

2 改变hatch的颜色

有时候在空间图上打点标注显著性，默认的hatch是黑色会存在颜色上的冲突，在网上查了一下貌似目前主要通过这样来修改

plt.rcParams.update({'hatch.color':'white'})