python异常捕获处理 2025

safe_tool.py

import asyncio
import functools
import traceback
import sys
from functools import wraps

from fastapi.responses import FileResponse, JSONResponse

from tools.logs import logger
# 全局开关
ENABLE_TRY = True

def catch_exception_api(func):
    """装饰器：根据全局开关决定是否捕获异常"""

    @wraps(func)
    async def async_wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        global ENABLE_TRY
        if ENABLE_TRY:
            try:
                return await func(*args, **kwargs)
            except Exception as e:
                # 获取异常信息
                exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb = sys.exc_info()
                if exc_tb:
                    tb = traceback.extract_tb(exc_tb)[-1]  # 最后一级调用栈
                    filename = tb.filename
                    lineno = tb.lineno
                else:
                    filename = "unknown"
                    lineno = 0

                # 记录详细异常信息
                logger.error(f"API Error in {func.__name__}: {str(e)}")
                logger.error(f"Error location: {filename}, line {lineno}")
                logger.error(f"Full traceback: {traceback.format_exc()}")

                return JSONResponse(
                    status_code=500,
                    content={
                        "status": "error",
                        "msg": str(e),
                        "file": filename,
                        "line": lineno
                    }
                )
        else:
            return await func(*args, **kwargs)

    @wraps(func)
    def sync_wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        global ENABLE_TRY
        if ENABLE_TRY:
            try:
                return func(*args, **kwargs)
            except Exception as e:
                # 获取异常信息
                exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb = sys.exc_info()
                if exc_tb:
                    tb = traceback.extract_tb(exc_tb)[-1]
                    filename = tb.filename
                    lineno = tb.lineno
                else:
                    filename = "unknown"
                    lineno = 0

                logger.error(f"API Error in {func.__name__}: {str(e)}")
                logger.error(f"Error location: {filename}, line {lineno}")
                logger.error(f"Full traceback: {traceback.format_exc()}")

                return JSONResponse(
                    status_code=500,
                    content={
                        "status": "error",
                        "message": str(e),
                        "file": filename,
                        "line": lineno
                    }
                )
        else:
            return func(*args, **kwargs)

    # 根据函数类型返回对应的包装器
    if asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(func):
        return async_wrapper
    else:
        return sync_wrapper


def catch_exceptions(return_value=None, log_level='error', include_traceback=True):
    """
    改进的异常捕获装饰器

    Args:
        return_value: 异常时返回的值
        log_level: 日志级别 ('error', 'warning', 'info')
        include_traceback: 是否包含完整堆栈跟踪
    """

    def decorator(func):
        @functools.wraps(func)
        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
            global ENABLE_TRY
            if not ENABLE_TRY:
                return func(*args, **kwargs)

            try:
                return func(*args, **kwargs)
            except Exception as e:
                # 记录日志
                log_method = getattr(logger, log_level)
                log_method(f"Function {func.__name__} failed: {str(e)}")

                if include_traceback:
                    logger.error(f"Traceback for {func.__name__}:\n{traceback.format_exc()}")

                return return_value

        return wrapper

    return decorator
def catch_exceptions_old(func):
    """装饰器：根据全局开关决定是否捕获异常"""
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        global ENABLE_TRY
        if ENABLE_TRY:
            try:
                return func(*args, **kwargs)
            except Exception as e:
                # 获取异常信息
                exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb = sys.exc_info()
                tb = traceback.extract_tb(exc_tb)[-1]  # 最后一级调用栈
                filename = tb.filename
                lineno = tb.lineno
                logger.error(f"catch err: {func.__name__}: {e}")
                logger.error(f"err loc: file:{filename}, lineno:{lineno}")
                return None
        else:
            return func(*args, **kwargs)
    return wrapper

# ================= 使用示例 =================
@catch_exceptions(return_value=-1)
def div_val(a, b):
    return a / b

if __name__ == '__main__':

    # print("\n>>> 开关关闭时（不捕获异常）")
    ENABLE_TRY = 0
    aaa =div_val(10, 0)  # 会直接抛 ZeroDivisionError
    print('res',aaa)