autofs自动挂载、DNS正反解析-主从

1.nfs自动挂载: upload, shared

• 在客户端操作

第一步：准备工作,卸载手动挂载内容

[root@node1 ~]# umount /upload
[root@node1 ~]# umount /shared
[root@node1 ~]# mkdir /localdata/
[root@node1 ~]# yum install autofs -y

第二步：修改主映射文件，写入信息

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/auto.master
/localdata /etc/auto.localdata
[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/auto.localdata
shared 192.168.118.129:/nfsdata/shared
upload 192.168.118.129:/nfsdata/upload

第三步：启动测试

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl restart autofs.service
[root@node1 ~]# mount | grep nfsdata
[root@node1 ~]# cd /localdata/
[root@node1 localdata]# ls -l
总用量 0
[root@node1 localdata]# cd shared
[root@node1 shared]# ls -l
总用量 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7 10月 21 19:20 test.txt
[root@node1 shared]# mount | grep nfsdata
192.168.118.129:/nfsdata/shared on /localdata/shared type nfs4 (rw,relatime,vers=4.2,rsize=262144,wsize=262144,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=192.168.118.130,local_lock=none,addr=192.168.118.129)
​
[root@node1 localdata]# cd upload
[root@node1 upload]# mount | grep nfsdata
192.168.118.129:/nfsdata/shared on /localdata/shared type nfs4 (rw,relatime,vers=4.2,rsize=262144,wsize=262144,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=192.168.118.130,local_lock=none,addr=192.168.118.129)
192.168.118.129:/nfsdata/upload on /localdata/upload type nfs4 (rw,relatime,vers=4.2,rsize=262144,wsize=262144,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=192.168.118.130,local_lock=none,addr=192.168.118.129)

第四步：测试成功

2.dns正向解析和反向解析

第一步：准备工作

[root@server ~]# yum  install bind -y

第二步：服务端操作，配置DNS主配置文件

[root@server ~]# vim  /etc/named.conf 
​
options {
        listen-on port 53 { any ;};
        ……
        allow-query     { any ;};
};
​
zone "openlab.com" IN {
        type master;
        file "openlab.com.zone";
};  
​
#反向
zone "118.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {  
        type master;
        file "192.168.118.arpa";     
};

或者第三步：编辑区域配置文件

[root@server ~]# vim  /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
#正向
zone "openlab.com" IN {
        type master;
        file "openlab.com.zone";
        allow-update { none; };
};  
​
#反向
zone "118.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {  
        type master;
        file "192.168.118.arpa";     
        allow-update { none; };
};

第四步：编辑数据配置文件

[root@server ~]# cd  /var/named
#正向
[root@server named]# vim  openlab.com.zone 
$TTL 1D 
openlab.com.    IN SOA  ns.openlab.com.  andy.qq.com. (
                                        0       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
openlab.com.    IN      NS      ns.openlab.com.
ns.openlab.com. IN      A       192.168.118.129
​
www.openlab.com.        IN      A       192.168.118.129
bbs.openlab.com.        IN      A       192.168.118.129
ftp.openlab.com.        IN      A       192.168.118.129
www1.openlab.com.       IN      CNAME   www.openlab.com.
​
#反向
[root@server named]# vim  192.168.118.arpa 
$TTL 1D 
@       IN SOA  ns.openlab.com.  jenny.qq.com. (
                                        0       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
        NS      ns.openlab.com.
 
ns.openlab.com. IN      A       192.168.118.129
​
129     IN      PTR     ns.openlab.com.
​
129     IN      PTR     www.openlab.com.
129     IN      PTR     bbs.openlab.com.
129     IN      PTR     ftp.openlab.com.

第五步：更改本地dns服务器

[root@server named]# vim /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 192.168.118.129

第六步：重启服务并测试

[root@server ~]# systemctl start named
[root@server ~]# nslookup
> www.openlab.com
Server:     192.168.118.129
Address:    192.168.118.129#53
​
Name:   www.openlab.com
Address: 192.168.118.129
> 192.168.118.129
129.118.168.192.in-addr.arpa    name = www.openlab.com.
129.118.168.192.in-addr.arpa    name = bbs.openlab.com.
129.118.168.192.in-addr.arpa    name = ftp.openlab.com.
129.118.168.192.in-addr.arpa    name = ns.openlab.com.
> ^C

3.dns主从同步

• 在第二题基础上进行操作

第一步：更改DNS主配置文件中内容，或者在区域配置文件中修改

zone "openlab.com" IN {
        type master;
        allow-transfer {192.168.118.130};
        file "openlab.com.zone"; 
};
​
​
zone "118.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
        type master;
        allow-transfer {192.168.118.130};
        file "192.168.118.arpa";
};

第二步：更改数据配置文件

[root@server ~]# cd  /var/named
#正向
[root@server named]# vim  openlab.com.zone 
$TTL 1D 
openlab.com.    IN SOA  ns.openlab.com.  andy.qq.com. (
                                        1       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
openlab.com.    IN      NS      ns.openlab.com.
ns.openlab.com. IN      A       192.168.118.129
ns2.openlab.com. IN     A       192.168.118.130
www.openlab.com.        IN      A       192.168.118.129
bbs.openlab.com.        IN      A       192.168.118.129
ftp.openlab.com.        IN      A       192.168.118.129
www1.openlab.com.       IN      CNAME   www.openlab.com.
​
#反向
[root@server named]# vim  192.168.118.arpa 
$TTL 1D 
@       IN SOA  ns.openlab.com.  jenny.qq.com. (
                                        1       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
        NS      ns.openlab.com.
ns.openlab.com  IN  A   192.168.118.129
ns2.openlab.com IN  A   192.168.118.130
129     IN      PTR     ns.openlab.com.
129     IN      PTR     www.openlab.com.
129     IN      PTR     bbs.openlab.com.
129     IN      PTR     ftp.openlab.com.

第三步：定位到node1端，进行部署操作

[root@node1 ~]# yum install bind -y
[root@node1 ~]# vim  /etc/named.conf 
​
options {
        listen-on port 53 { any ;};
        ……
        allow-query     { any ;};
};
​
zone "openlab.com" IN {
        type slave;
        masters {192.168.118.129;};
        file "slave/openlab.zone"; 
};
​
​
zone "118.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
        type slave;
        masters {192.168.118.129;};
        file "slave/192.168.118.arpa";
};
​
[root@node1 ~]# named-checkconf /etc/named.conf #检查文件

第四步：重启测试

[root@server ~]# systemctl restart named
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl restart named
[root@node1 ~]# ls -l /var/named/slaves
总用量 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 named named 311 10月 21 20:48 192.168.118.arpa
-rw-r--r-- 1 named named 387 10月 21 20:48 openlab.com.zone