[推荐]Hadoop HA高可用集群搭建（2.7.2）

1.集群规划：

 主机名        IP                安装的软件                            执行的进程
drguo1  192.168.80.149 jdk、hadoop                         NameNode、DFSZKFailoverController(zkfc)、ResourceManager
drguo2 192.168.80.150  jdk、hadoop                         NameNode、DFSZKFailoverController(zkfc)、ResourceManager
drguo3  192.168.80.151  jdk、hadoop、zookeeper     DataNode、NodeManager、JournalNode、QuorumPeerMain
drguo4  192.168.80.152  jdk、hadoop、zookeeper     DataNode、NodeManager、JournalNode、QuorumPeerMain

 

drguo5 192.168.80.153  jdk、hadoop、zookeeper     DataNode、NodeManager、JournalNode、QuorumPeerMain

 

drguo1  : master (active)

drguo2： master(standby)

 

2.前期准备：

准备五台机器，改动静态IP、主机名、主机名与IP的映射。关闭防火墙。安装JDK并配置环境变量（不会请看这http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/dr_guo/article/details/50886667），

创建用户：用户组，SSH免password登录SSH免password登录

（报错请看这http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/dr_guo/article/details/50967442）。

 

 

3.搭建zookeeper集群（drguo3/drguo4/drguo5）

见：ZooKeeper全然分布式集群搭建

4.正式開始搭建Hadoop HA集群

去官网下最新的Hadoop（http://apache.opencas.org/hadoop/common/stable/），下载完之后把它放到/opt/Hadoop下

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1. guo@guo:~/下载$ mv ./hadoop-2.7.2.tar.gz /opt/Hadoop/  
2. mv: 无法创建普通文件"/opt/Hadoop/hadoop-2.7.2.tar.gz": 权限不够  
3. guo@guo:~/下载$ su root   
4. password：   
5. root@guo:/home/guo/下载# mv ./hadoop-2.7.2.tar.gz /opt/Hadoop/  

解压

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1. guo@guo:/opt/Hadoop$ sudo tar -zxf hadoop-2.7.2.tar.gz   
2. [sudo] guo 的password：  

解压jdk的时候我用的是tar -zxvf。当中的v呢就是看一下解压的过程。不想看你能够不写。

改动opt文件夹全部者(用户：用户组)直接把opt文件夹的全部者/组换成了guo。详细情况在ZooKeeper全然分布式集群搭建说过。

 

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1. root@guo:/opt/Hadoop# chown -R guo:guo /opt  

 

环境变量设置

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1. guo@guo:/opt/Hadoop$ sudo gedit /etc/profile  

在最后加上（这样设置在运行bin/sbin文件夹下的脚本时就不用进入该文件夹用了）

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1. #hadoop  
2. export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/Hadoop/hadoop-2.7.2  
3. export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin  
4. export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin  

然后更新配置

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1. guo@guo:/opt/Hadoop$ source /etc/profile  

改动/opt/Hadoop/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop下的hadoop-env.sh

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1. guo@guo:/opt/Hadoop$ cd hadoop-2.7.2  
2. guo@guo:/opt/Hadoop/hadoop-2.7.2$ cd etc/hadoop/  
3. guo@guo:/opt/Hadoop/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop$ sudo gedit ./hadoop-env.sh  

进入文件后

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1. export JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}#将这个改成JDK路径，例如以下  
2. export JAVA_HOME=/opt/Java/jdk1.8.0_73  

然后更新文件配置

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1. guo@guo:/opt/Hadoop/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop$ source ./hadoop-env.sh 

前面配置和单机模式一样。我就直接复制了。

 

改动core-site.xml

<configuration>
<!-- 指定hdfs的nameservice为ns1 -->
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://ns1/</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定hadoop暂时文件夹 -->
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/opt/Hadoop/hadoop-2.7.2/tmp</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定zookeeper地址 -->
<property>
<name>ha.zookeeper.quorum</name>
<value>drguo3:2181,drguo4:2181,drguo5:2181</value>
</property>
</configuration>

改动hdfs-site.xml

<configuration>
	<!--指定hdfs的nameservice为ns1，须要和core-site.xml中的保持一致 -->
	<property>
		<name>dfs.nameservices</name>
		<value>ns1</value>
	</property>
	<!-- ns1以下有两个NameNode，各自是nn1，nn2 -->
	<property>
		<name>dfs.ha.namenodes.ns1</name>
		<value>nn1,nn2</value>
	</property>
	<!-- nn1的RPC通信地址 -->
	<property>
		<name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns1.nn1</name>
		<value>drguo1:9000</value>
	</property>
	<!-- nn1的http通信地址 -->
	<property>
		<name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns1.nn1</name>
		<value>drguo1:50070</value>
	</property>
	<!-- nn2的RPC通信地址 -->
	<property>
		<name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns1.nn2</name>
		<value>drguo2:9000</value>
	</property>
	<!-- nn2的http通信地址 -->
	<property>
		<name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns1.nn2</name>
		<value>drguo2:50070</value>
	</property>
	<!-- 指定NameNode的元数据在JournalNode上的存放位置 -->
	<property>
		<name>dfs.namenode.shared.edits.dir</name>
		<value>qjournal://drguo3:8485;drguo4:8485;drguo5:8485/ns1</value>
	</property>
	<!-- 指定JournalNode在本地磁盘存放数据的位置 -->
	<property>
		<name>dfs.journalnode.edits.dir</name>
		<value>/opt/Hadoop/hadoop-2.7.2/journaldata</value>
	</property>
	<!-- 开启NameNode失败自己主动切换 -->
	<property>
		<name>dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled</name>
		<value>true</value>
	</property>
	<!-- 配置失败自己主动切换实现方式 -->
	<property>
		<name>dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.ns1</name>
		<value>org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider</value>
	</property>
	<!-- 配置隔离机制方法。多个机制用换行切割，即每一个机制暂用一行-->
	<property>
		<name>dfs.ha.fencing.methods</name>
		<value>
			sshfence
			shell(/bin/true)
		</value>
	</property>
	<!-- 使用sshfence隔离机制时须要ssh免登陆 -->
	<property>
		<name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files</name>
		<value>/home/guo/.ssh/id_rsa</value>
	</property>
	<!-- 配置sshfence隔离机制超时时间 -->
	<property>
		<name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.connect-timeout</name>
		<value>30000</value>
	</property>
</configuration>

先将mapred-site.xml.template改名为mapred-site.xml然后改动mapred-site.xml

<configuration>
	<!-- 指定mr框架为yarn方式 -->
	<property>
		<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
		<value>yarn</value>
	</property>
</configuration>

改动yarn-site.xml

<configuration>
	<!-- 开启RM高可用 -->
	<property>
	   <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.enabled</name>
	   <value>true</value>
	</property>
	<!-- 指定RM的cluster id -->
	<property>
	   <name>yarn.resourcemanager.cluster-id</name>
	   <value>yrc</value>
	</property>
	<!-- 指定RM的名字 -->
	<property>
	   <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.rm-ids</name>
	   <value>rm1,rm2</value>
	</property>
	<!-- 分别指定RM的地址 -->
	<property>
	   <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm1</name>
	   <value>drguo1</value>
	</property>
	<property>
	   <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm2</name>
	   <value>drguo2</value>
	</property>
	<!-- 指定zk集群地址 -->
	<property>
	   <name>yarn.resourcemanager.zk-address</name>
	   <value>drguo3:2181,drguo4:2181,drguo5:2181</value>
	</property>
	<property>
	   <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
	   <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
	</property>
</configuration>

改动slaves

drguo3
drguo4
drguo5

把Hadoop整个文件夹复制到drguo2/3/4/5，拷之前把share下doc删了（文档不用拷）。这样会快点。
5.启动zookeeper集群（分别在drguo3、drguo4、drguo5上启动zookeeper）

guo@drguo3:~$ zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/zookeeper-3.4.8/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
guo@drguo3:~$ jps
2005 Jps
1994 QuorumPeerMain
guo@drguo3:~$ ssh drguo4
Welcome to Ubuntu 15.10 (GNU/Linux 4.2.0-16-generic x86_64)

 * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com/

Last login: Fri Mar 25 14:04:43 2016 from 192.168.80.151
guo@drguo4:~$ zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/zookeeper-3.4.8/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
guo@drguo4:~$ jps
1977 Jps
1966 QuorumPeerMain
guo@drguo4:~$ exit
注销
Connection to drguo4 closed.
guo@drguo3:~$ ssh drguo5
Welcome to Ubuntu 15.10 (GNU/Linux 4.2.0-16-generic x86_64)

 * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com/

Last login: Fri Mar 25 14:04:56 2016 from 192.168.80.151
guo@drguo5:~$ zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/zookeeper-3.4.8/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
guo@drguo5:~$ jps
2041 Jps
2030 QuorumPeerMain
guo@drguo5:~$ exit
注销
Connection to drguo5 closed.
guo@drguo3:~$ zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/zookeeper-3.4.8/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: leader

6.启动journalnode（分别在drguo3、drguo4、drguo5上启动journalnode）注意仅仅有第一次须要这么启动，之后启动hdfs会包括journalnode。

guo@drguo3:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode
starting journalnode, logging to /opt/Hadoop/hadoop-2.7.2/logs/hadoop-guo-journalnode-drguo3.out
guo@drguo3:~$ jps
2052 Jps
2020 JournalNode
1963 QuorumPeerMain
guo@drguo3:~$ ssh drguo4
Welcome to Ubuntu 15.10 (GNU/Linux 4.2.0-16-generic x86_64)

 * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com/

Last login: Fri Mar 25 00:09:08 2016 from 192.168.80.149
guo@drguo4:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode
starting journalnode, logging to /opt/Hadoop/hadoop-2.7.2/logs/hadoop-guo-journalnode-drguo4.out
guo@drguo4:~$ jps
2103 Jps
2071 JournalNode
1928 QuorumPeerMain
guo@drguo4:~$ exit
注销
Connection to drguo4 closed.
guo@drguo3:~$ ssh drguo5
Welcome to Ubuntu 15.10 (GNU/Linux 4.2.0-16-generic x86_64)

 * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com/

Last login: Thu Mar 24 23:52:17 2016 from 192.168.80.152
guo@drguo5:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode
starting journalnode, logging to /opt/Hadoop/hadoop-2.7.2/logs/hadoop-guo-journalnode-drguo5.out
guo@drguo5:~$ jps
2276 JournalNode
2308 Jps
1959 QuorumPeerMain
guo@drguo5:~$ exit
注销
Connection to drguo5 closed.

 

7.格式化HDFS(在drguo1上运行)

guo@drguo1:/opt$ hdfs namenode -format

注意：格式化之后须要把tmp文件夹拷给drguo2（不然drguo2的namenode起不来）

guo@drguo1:/opt/Hadoop/hadoop-2.7.2$ scp -r tmp/ drguo2:/opt/Hadoop/hadoop-2.7.2/

8.格式化ZKFC(在drguo1上运行)

guo@drguo1:/opt$ hdfs zkfc -formatZK

9.启动HDFS(在drguo1上运行)

guo@drguo1:/opt$ start-dfs.sh 

10.启动YARN(在drguo1上运行)

guo@drguo1:/opt$ start-yarn.sh 

PS:
1.drguo2的resourcemanager须要手动单独启动：

yarn-daemon.sh start resourcemanager

2.namenode、datanode也能够单独启动：

hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode

hadoop-daemon.sh start datanode
3.NN 由standby转化成active
hdfs haadmin -transitionToActive nn1 --forcemanual

大功告成.