简述:
可以把将要实现的MVC看做一个基于函数名的servlet的访问
如果使用ModelAndView就能实现页面跳转,但是我这里还是使用支持前台JS的异步调用形式,也就是返回一个JSON格式数据到前台,
步骤:
1. 新建Maven SpringMVC项目
按步骤新建
2. 新建之后如下图项目结构
删除 config包(这个是Maven构造项目时自动生成的,这里准备使用配置文件来加载)
3. 添加Gson包, 因为返回的是JSON格式数据所以需要, 有一个基类用来实现Response中返回数据
此时已经加入了Maven依赖项了
4. 构建web.xml
在这个xml配置文件中,吧关于mvc的servlet项加入到spring-mvc.xml中
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<display-name>SpringMVCProject</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:/applicationContext*.xml
/WEB-INF/applicationContext*.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>20</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
5. 构建spring-mvc.xml
在这个文件中涉及到url的映射(在controller中的函数映射)
spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">
<bean id="urlMapping"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<property name="mappings">
<value>
/home=homeController
</value>
</property>
<property name="order" value="1" />
</bean>
<bean id="homeController" class="com.anialy.project.springmvc.controller.HomeController">
<property name="methodNameResolver" ref="paramResolver" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义JSP -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<bean id="paramResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.ParameterMethodNameResolver">
<property name="paramName" value="action" />
<property name="defaultMethodName" value="test" />
</bean>
</beans>
6. 基类实现(现支持JSON的转换)
SpringMVCBaseController
package com.anialy.project.springmvc.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.MultiActionController;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
public class SpringMVCBaseController extends MultiActionController {
private static Gson gson = new Gson();
/**
* 以文本形式下发数据
* @param response
* @param responseText
*/
protected void responseOutWithText(HttpServletResponse response,
String responseText) {
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = null;
try {
out = response.getWriter();
out.println(responseText);
out.close();
logger.debug("下发的数据是");
logger.debug(responseText);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (out != null) {
out.close();
}
}
}
/**
* 以JSON格式输出
* @param response
*/
protected void responseOutWithJson(HttpServletResponse response,
Object obj) {
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = null;
try {
out = response.getWriter();
String responseJsonStr = gson.toJson(obj);
out.append(responseJsonStr);
logger.debug("下发的数据是");
logger.info(responseJsonStr);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (out != null) {
out.close();
}
}
}
}
7 Controller类实现
HomeController.java
package com.anialy.project.springmvc.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
@Controller
public class HomeController extends SpringMVCBaseController{
// 纯MVC 的视图界面返回
// @RequestMapping(value="/")
// public ModelAndView test(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
// return new ModelAndView("home");
// }
public void test(HttpServletRequest request
, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
responseOutWithText(response, "Hello");
}
}
效果: