DuckDB：详细解析CMakeLists.txt

引言

CMake简介

CMake（Cross-Platform Make）是一种跨平台的构建系统生成器，用于管理和自动化软件的构建过程。它通过编写配置文件（通常是 CMakeLists.txt）来定义项目的构建规则，支持多种编译器和操作系统，能够生成本地化的构建文件（如 Makefile、Visual Studio 解决方案等）。

CMake 广泛应用于以下场景：

• 跨平台项目：需要在多种操作系统上构建和部署的项目。

• 大型项目：包含多个模块和依赖的复杂项目。

• 团队开发：需要统一构建流程和配置的团队开发环境。

核心CMakeLists.txt

本文将对 duckdb 项目 src 目录下的 CMakeLists.txt 进行详细解析，代码内容基于最新 2025.01.20 日的提交版本（ commit id：8e68a3e34aa526a342ae91e1b14b764bb3075a12）

add_definitions(-DDUCKDB)

if(${DISABLE_THREADS})
  add_definitions(-DDUCKDB_NO_THREADS)
endif()

add_extension_definitions()

if(NOT MSVC)
  set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG
      "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG} -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-redundant-move"
  )
  if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
    if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER 6)
      set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG
          "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG} -Wimplicit-fallthrough")
    endif()
  else()
    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG} -Wimplicit-fallthrough")
  endif()
endif()
set(EXIT_TIME_DESTRUCTORS_WARNING FALSE)
if("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang" OR "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}"
                                                  STREQUAL "AppleClang")
  set(EXIT_TIME_DESTRUCTORS_WARNING TRUE)
  set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG
      "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG} -Wexit-time-destructors -Wimplicit-int-conversion -Wshorten-64-to-32 -Wnarrowing -Wsign-conversion -Wsign-compare -Wconversion"
  )
endif()

set(DUCKDB_SYSTEM_LIBS ${CMAKE_DL_LIBS})

if(MSVC OR MINGW)
  set(DUCKDB_SYSTEM_LIBS ${DUCKDB_SYSTEM_LIBS} ws2_32 rstrtmgr)
endif()
if(MSVC)
  set(DUCKDB_SYSTEM_LIBS ${DUCKDB_SYSTEM_LIBS} bcrypt)
endif()

if(MSVC)
  add_compile_options("/bigobj")
endif()

function(ensure_variable_is_number INPUT_VERSION OUT_RESULT)
  if(NOT "${${INPUT_VERSION}}" MATCHES "^[0-9]+$")
    message(
      WARNING
        "VERSION PARAMETER ${INPUT_VERSION} \"${${INPUT_VERSION}}\" IS NOT A NUMBER - SETTING TO 0"
    )
    set(${OUT_RESULT}
        0
        PARENT_SCOPE)
  else()
    set(${OUT_RESULT}
        ${${INPUT_VERSION}}
        PARENT_SCOPE)
  endif()
endfunction()

if(AMALGAMATION_BUILD)

  add_library(duckdb SHARED "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/amalgamation/duckdb.cpp")
  target_link_libraries(duckdb ${DUCKDB_SYSTEM_LIBS})
  link_threads(duckdb)
  link_extension_libraries(duckdb)

  add_library(duckdb_static STATIC
              "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/amalgamation/duckdb.cpp")
  target_link_libraries(duckdb_static ${DUCKDB_SYSTEM_LIBS})
  link_threads(duckdb_static)
  link_extension_libraries(duckdb_static)

  install(FILES "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/amalgamation/duckdb.hpp"
                "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/include/duckdb.h"
          DESTINATION "${INSTALL_INCLUDE_DIR}")
  install(FILES "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/include/duckdb/common/winapi.hpp"
          DESTINATION "${INSTALL_INCLUDE_DIR}/duckdb/common")

else()

  add_definitions(-DDUCKDB_MAIN_LIBRARY)

  add_subdirectory(optimizer)
  add_subdirectory(planner)
  add_subdirectory(parser)
  add_subdirectory(function)
  add_subdirectory(catalog)
  add_subdirectory(common)
  add_subdirectory(logging)
  add_subdirectory(execution)
  add_subdirectory(main)
  add_subdirectory(parallel)