题目描述:
Implement int sqrt(int x)
.
Compute and return the square root of x, where x is guaranteed to be a non-negative integer.
Since the return type is an integer, the decimal digits are truncated and only the integer part of the result is returned.
Example 1:
Input: 4
Output: 2
Example 2:
Input: 8
Output: 2
Explanation: The square root of 8 is 2.82842..., and since
the decimal part is truncated, 2 is returned.
实现开方函数,从1开始逐个尝试肯定超时,可以采用二分搜索来寻找解,但是和常见的二分搜索不一样,题目需要求小于或等于目标的元素,所以可以先得到大于目标的第一个元素,那么它之前的元素即为所求。同时要注意防止溢出,所以要避免大数之间的加法和乘法,另外对于x=0或1也需要单独判断,因为当x==0,不会进入循环,返回值为-1,当x==1,mid=0,在判断时不能作为除数。
class Solution {
public:
int mySqrt(int x) {
if (x<=1) return x;
int begin=0;
int end=x;
while (begin<end)
{
int mid=begin+(end-begin)/2;
if(x/mid>=mid) begin=mid+1;
else end=mid;
}
return end-1;
}
};