【SpringCloud总结】11 zuul路由网关

一、简介

Zuul包含了对请求的路由和过滤两个最主要的功能，其中路由功能负责将外部请求转发到具体的微服务实例上，是实现外部访问统一入口的基础而过滤器功能则负责对请求的处理过程进行干预，是实现请求校验、服务聚合等功能的基础.

Zuul和Eureka进行整合，将Zuul自身注册为Eureka服务治理下的应用，同时从Eureka中获得其他微服务的消息，也即以后的访问微服务都是通过Zuul跳转后获得。

 

二、路由的基本配置

1. 新建Module模块 microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527

2. pom文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>


  <parent>
   <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
   <artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>


  <artifactId>microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527</artifactId>


  <dependencies>
   <!-- zuul路由网关 -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
   </dependency> 
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
   </dependency>
   <!-- actuator监控 -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
   </dependency>
   <!--  hystrix容错-->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
   </dependency>
   <!-- 日常标配 -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
     <artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
     <version>${project.version}</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   </dependency>
   <!-- 热部署插件 -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
   </dependency>
  </dependencies>


</project>

主要是下面的依赖

     <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
   </dependency>

3. yml文件

server: 
  port: 9527
 
spring: 
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway
 
eureka: 
  client: 
    service-url: 
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka  
  instance:
    instance-id: gateway-9527.com
    prefer-ip-address: true 


info:
  app.name: atguigu-microcloud
  company.name: www.atguigu.com
  build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
  build.version: $project.version$

 

4. 主启动类

package com.atguigu.springcloud;


import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;


@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
public class Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp
{
  public static void main(String[] args)
  {
   SpringApplication.run(Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp.class, args);
  }
}

 

5. 启动

（1）三个eureka集群

（2）一个服务提供类 microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001

（3）启动 microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527

 

6. 测试

（1）不用路由 ，直接访问具体的微服务实例

          http://localhost:8001/dept/get/2

（2）路由

          http://localhost:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2

              

三、路由访问映射规则

1. 工程microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527

2. 配置规则

zuul: 
  prefix: /atguigu  #统一的访问前缀
  ignored-services: "*"   #用mydept可以访问资源，原始的微服务名访问的方式不允许再能访问了！
  routes: 
    mydept:
        serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
        path: /mydept/** # 不用真实的微服务名，而是用mydept代替

【注意】这里面使用*号的原因是所有的真实服务名都不可用的意思，当然你可以具体到某一个，例如：

ignored-services：microservicecloud-dept

 经过上面的配置之后

 /microservicecloud-dept/     -> /atguigu/mydept/