##################################
# Semi-OOP version of runes.py #
# Last updated: 21 January 2025 #
##################################
######### START OF SETUP #########
# Imports
import functools
import graphics
import math
import time
import PyGif
from random import random
# Constants
viewport_size = 600 # This is the height of the viewport
spread = 20
active_hollusion = None
lastframe = None
Posn = graphics.Posn
Rgb = graphics.Rgb
draw_solid_polygon = graphics.draw_solid_polygon
graphics.init(viewport_size)
vp = graphics.open_viewport("ViewPort", viewport_size, viewport_size)
lp = graphics.open_pixmap("LeftPort", viewport_size, viewport_size)
rp = graphics.open_pixmap("RightPort", viewport_size, viewport_size)
def type_checker(types):
"""
A setup function to help you check for types. Nothing to see here.
"""
def decorator(func):
name = func.__name__
# functools.wraps preserves the docstring
@functools.wraps(func)
def checker(*args):
for i in range(len(args)):
if not isinstance(args[i], types[i]):
expected = types[i].__name__
actual = type(args[i]).__name__
raise TypeError(
f"Function {name}: Expected type {expected} for argument #{i + 1} but given {args[i]} of type {actual}"
)
return func(*args)
return checker
return decorator
def is_list_or_tuple(lst):
"""
A setup function to check for types. Nothing to see here.
"""
return isinstance(lst, (list, tuple))
class Frame:
"""
A frame object. Nothing to see here.
"""
def __init__(self, p0, p1, p2, z1, z2):
self.orig = p0
self.x = p1
self.y = p2
self.z1 = z1
self.z2 = z2
unit_frame = Frame(Posn(0, 0), Posn(viewport_size, 0), Posn(0, viewport_size), 0, 1)
class Rune:
"""
A rune object. Nothing to see here.
"""
def __init__(self, func):
self.fn = func
def show(self, vp, frame):
self.fn(vp, frame)
def __str__(self):
return "Rune"
def scale_vect(mult, p):
"""
A setup function to scale vectors. Nothing to see here.
"""
return Posn(mult * p.x, mult * p.y)
def transform_posn(frame):
"""
A setup function for position transformation. Nothing to see here.
"""
def f(posn):
return frame.orig + (
scale_vect(posn.x / viewport_size, frame.x)
+ scale_vect(posn.y / viewport_size, frame.y)
)
return f
def inverse_transform_posn(frame):
"""
The 'inverse' of transform_posn. Nothing to see here.
"""
a = frame.x.x
b = frame.y.x
c = frame.x.y
d = frame.y.y
det = a * d - b * c
if det == 0:
raise Exception("somehow you managed to zero the determinant for your frame")
inv_mat = ((d / det, -b / det), (-c / det, a / det))
def function(posn):
nonlocal inv_mat
t = list(
map(
lambda m: m[0] * (posn.x - frame.orig.x)
+ m[1] * (posn.y - frame.orig.y),
inv_mat,
)
)
return Posn(viewport_size * t[0], viewport_size * t[1])
return Rune(function)
def center_and_fill(p):
"""
A function used in circle_bb, spiral_bb, and ribbon_bb. Nothing to see here.
"""
center = Posn(viewport_size / 2, viewport_size / 2)
return center + scale_vect(viewport_size / 2, p)
############ END OF SETUP ############
@type_checker((Rune,))
def show(rune):
"""
Shows the `rune` at the working window.
"""
return rune.show(vp, unit_frame)
def clear_all():
"""
Clears the current working window.
"""
global active_hollusion
global vp, lp, rp
if active_hollusion != None:
active_hollusion("kill")
active_hollusion = None
graphics.clear_viewport(vp)
graphics.clear_viewport(lp)
graphics.clear_viewport(rp)
def blank_bbf(vp, frame):
"""
A blank rune. Basically nothing.
"""
blank_bb = Rune(blank_bbf)
def sail_bbf(vp, frame):
"""
A sail-shaped rune.
"""
p = [
Posn(viewport_size / 2, 0),
Posn(viewport_size / 2, viewport_size),
Posn(viewport_size, viewport_size),
]
if is_list_or_tuple(vp[0]):
for count, port in enumerate(vp):
draw_solid_polygon(
port,
map(transform_posn(frame), p),
Posn(
(0.3 - frame.z1) * (spread * (((2 * count) / (len(vp) - 1)) - 1)), 0
),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
elif vp != None:
draw_solid_polygon(
vp,
map(transform_posn(frame), p),
Posn(0, 0),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
sail_bb = Rune(sail_bbf)
def corner_bbf(vp, frame):
"""
A small triangular rune at the corner.
"""
p = [
Posn(viewport_size / 2, 0),
Posn(viewport_size, 0),
Posn(viewport_size, viewport_size / 2),
]
if is_list_or_tuple(vp[0]):
for count, port in enumerate(vp):
draw_solid_polygon(
port,
map(transform_posn(frame), p),
Posn(
(0.3 - frame.z1) * (spread * (((2 * count) / (len(vp) - 1)) - 1)), 0
),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
elif vp != None:
draw_solid_polygon(
vp,
map(transform_posn(frame), p),
Posn(0, 0),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
corner_bb = Rune(corner_bbf)
def black_bbf(vp, frame):
"""
A rune without any blank space.
"""
p = [
Posn(0, 0),
Posn(viewport_size, 0),
Posn(viewport_size, viewport_size),
Posn(0, viewport_size),
]
if is_list_or_tuple(vp[0]):
for count, port in enumerate(vp):
draw_solid_polygon(
port,
map(transform_posn(frame), p),
Posn(
(0.3 - frame.z1) * (spread * (((2 * count) / (len(vp) - 1)) - 1)), 0
),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
elif vp != None:
draw_solid_polygon(
vp,
map(transform_posn(frame), p),
Posn(0, 0),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
black_bb = Rune(black_bbf)
def spiral_bbf(vp, frame):
"""
A rune that definitely looks like a spiral.
"""
theta_max = 30
offset = 0.1
angle = 0
p = []
while angle < theta_max:
p.append(
Posn(
(offset + angle / theta_max) * math.cos(angle),
(offset + angle / theta_max) * math.sin(angle),
)
)
angle += offset
if is_list_or_tuple(vp[0]):
for count, port in enumerate(vp):
draw_solid_polygon(
port,
map(transform_posn(frame), map(center_and_fill, p)),
Posn(
(0.3 - frame.z1) * (spread * (((2 * count) / (len(vp) - 1)) - 1)), 0
),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
elif vp != None:
draw_solid_polygon(
vp,
map(transform_posn(frame), map(center_and_fill, p)),
Posn(0, 0),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
spiral_bb = Rune(spiral_bbf)
def circle_bbf(vp, frame):
"""
A perfect circle rune!
"""
unit = 50
p = []
angle = 0
while angle < 2 * math.pi:
p.append(Posn(math.cos(angle), math.sin(angle)))
angle += unit / viewport_size
if is_list_or_tuple(vp[0]):
for count, port in enumerate(vp):
draw_solid_polygon(
port,
map(transform_posn(frame), map(center_and_fill, p)),
Posn(
(0.3 - frame.z1) * (spread * (((2 * count) / (len(vp) - 1)) - 1)), 0
),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
elif vp != None:
draw_solid_polygon(
vp,
map(transform_posn(frame), map(center_and_fill, p)),
Posn(0, 0),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
circle_bb = Rune(circle_bbf)
def quarter_bbf(vp, frame):
"""
Quarter of a circle
"""
unit = 50
p = []
angle = 0
while angle < math.pi / 2:
p.append(Posn(-2 * math.cos(angle) + 1, -2 * math.sin(angle) + 1))
angle += unit / viewport_size
p.append(Posn(1, -1)) # Top corner
p.append(Posn(1, 1)) # Center of circle
if is_list_or_tuple(vp[0]):
for count, port in enumerate(vp):
draw_solid_polygon(
port,
map(transform_posn(frame), map(center_and_fill, p)),
Posn(
(0.3 - frame.z1) * (spread * (((2 * count) / (len(vp) - 1)) - 1)), 0
),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
elif vp != None:
draw_solid_polygon(
vp,
map(transform_posn(frame), map(center_and_fill, p)),
Posn(0, 0),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
quarter_bb = Rune(quarter_bbf)
def pentagram_bbf(vp, frame):
"""
A star-shaped rune. How cool is that?
"""
unit_offset = viewport_size / 2
s1 = math.sin(2 * math.pi / 5) * unit_offset
c1 = math.cos(2 * math.pi / 5) * unit_offset
s2 = math.sin(4 * math.pi / 5) * unit_offset
c2 = math.cos(math.pi / 5) * unit_offset
a = s2 / (s1 + s2)
a_ = 1 - a
p = [
Posn(-s1 + unit_offset, -c1 + unit_offset),
Posn(s1 + unit_offset, -c1 + unit_offset),
Posn(-s2 + unit_offset, c2 + unit_offset),
Posn(unit_offset, 0),
Posn(s2 + unit_offset, c2 + unit_offset),
]
p = [
p[0],
p[3] * a + p[2] * a_,
p[2],
p[1] * a + p[2] * a_,
p[4],
p[2] * a + p[1] * a_,
p[1],
p[4] * a + p[3] * a_,
p[3],
p[2] * a + p[3] * a_,
]
if is_list_or_tuple(vp[0]):
for count, port in enumerate(vp):
draw_solid_polygon(
port,
map(transform_posn(frame), p),
Posn(
(0.3 - frame.z1) * (spread * (((2 * count) / (len(vp) - 1)) - 1)), 0
),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
elif vp != None:
draw_solid_polygon(
vp,
map(transform_posn(frame), p),
Posn(0, 0),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
pentagram_bb = Rune(pentagram_bbf)
def heart_bbf(vp, frame):
"""
A heart-shaped rune. Good to spread positivity :)
"""
k = math.sqrt(2) / 2
p = [
Posn(viewport_size / 2, (1 - k) / (1 + 3 * k) * viewport_size),
Posn(
(1 - k) / (1 + k) * viewport_size / 2, (1 + k) / (1 + 3 * k) * viewport_size
),
Posn(viewport_size / 2, viewport_size),
Posn(
viewport_size - (1 - k) / (1 + k) * viewport_size / 2,
(1 + k) / (1 + 3 * k) * viewport_size,
),
]
# Draws a kite
if is_list_or_tuple(vp[0]):
for count, port in enumerate(vp):
draw_solid_polygon(
port,
map(transform_posn(frame), p),
Posn(
(0.3 - frame.z1) * (spread * (((2 * count) / (len(vp) - 1)) - 1)), 0
),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
elif vp != None:
draw_solid_polygon(
vp,
map(transform_posn(frame), p),
Posn(0, 0),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
# Draws the top of the heart
heart_circle = stack_frac(
2 / (1 + 3 * k),
quarter_turn_right(stack_frac(k / (1 + k), blank_bb, circle_bb)),
blank_bb,
)
heart_circle.show(vp, frame)
flip_horiz(heart_circle).show(vp, frame)
heart_bb = Rune(heart_bbf)
def rcross_bbf(vp, frame):
"""
An upper triangular rune with some small part mirrored to its diagonal.
"""
p1 = [
Posn(0, 0),
Posn(viewport_size / 4, viewport_size / 4),
Posn(3 * viewport_size / 4, viewport_size / 4),
Posn(3 * viewport_size / 4, 3 * viewport_size / 4),
Posn(viewport_size, viewport_size),
Posn(viewport_size, 0),
]
p2 = [
Posn(viewport_size / 4, viewport_size / 4),
Posn(viewport_size / 4, 3 * viewport_size / 4),
Posn(3 * viewport_size / 4, 3 * viewport_size / 4),
]
if is_list_or_tuple(vp[0]):
for count, port in enumerate(vp):
draw_solid_polygon(
port,
map(transform_posn(frame), p1),
Posn(
(0.3 - frame.z1) * (spread * (((2 * count) / (len(vp) - 1)) - 1)), 0
),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
draw_solid_polygon(
port,
map(transform_posn(frame), p2),
Posn(
(0.3 - frame.z1) * (spread * (((2 * count) / (len(vp) - 1)) - 1)), 0
),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
elif vp != None:
draw_solid_polygon(
vp,
map(transform_posn(frame), p1),
Posn(0, 0),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
draw_solid_polygon(
vp,
map(transform_posn(frame), p2),
Posn(0, 0),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
rcross_bb = Rune(rcross_bbf)
def ribbon_bbf(vp, frame):
"""
A ribbon-shaped rune, similar to a beautiful spiral.
"""
theta_max = 30
thickness = -1 / theta_max
unit = 0.1
p = []
angle = 0
# Make ribbon
while angle < theta_max:
p.append(
Posn(
(angle / theta_max) * math.cos(angle),
(angle / theta_max) * math.sin(angle),
)
)
angle += unit
# Close it
while angle > 0:
p.append(
Posn(
abs(math.cos(angle) * thickness)
+ (angle / theta_max * math.cos(angle)),
abs(math.sin(angle) * thickness)
+ (angle / theta_max * math.sin(angle)),
)
)
angle -= unit
if is_list_or_tuple(vp[0]):
for count, port in enumerate(vp):
draw_solid_polygon(
port,
map(transform_posn(frame), map(center_and_fill, p)),
Posn(
(0.3 - frame.z1) * (spread * (((2 * count) / (len(vp) - 1)) - 1)), 0
),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
elif vp != None:
draw_solid_polygon(
vp,
map(transform_posn(frame), map(center_and_fill, p)),
Posn(0, 0),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
ribbon_bb = Rune(ribbon_bbf)
def nova_bbf(vp, frame):
"""
Two small sail-shaped runes combined into an L-shaped rune.
"""
p = [
Posn(viewport_size / 2, 0),
Posn(viewport_size / 4, viewport_size / 2),
Posn(viewport_size, viewport_size / 2),
Posn(viewport_size / 2, viewport_size / 4),
]
if is_list_or_tuple(vp[0]):
for count, port in enumerate(vp):
draw_solid_polygon(
port,
map(transform_posn(frame), p),
Posn(
(0.3 - frame.z1) * (spread * (((2 * count) / (len(vp) - 1)) - 1)), 0
),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
elif vp != None:
draw_solid_polygon(
vp,
map(transform_posn(frame), p),
Posn(0, 0),
Rgb(frame.z1, frame.z1, frame.z1),
)
nova_bb = Rune(nova_bbf)
# Frame transformation factory
def process_frame(op, frame):
"""
A frame transformation factory. Nothing to see here.
"""
p0 = frame.orig
p1 = frame.x
p2 = frame.y
z1 = frame.z1
z2 = frame.z2
if op == "bottom_frac":
return lambda frac: Frame(
p0 + scale_vect(1 - frac, p2), p1, scale_vect(frac, p2), z1, z2
)
elif op == "top_frac":
return lambda frac: Frame(p0, p1, scale_vect(frac, p2), z1, z2)
# To devs, probably unused
elif op == "left":
return Frame(p0, scale_vect(1 / 2, p1), p2, z1, z2)
# To devs, probably unused
elif op == "right":
return Frame(p0 + scale_vect(1 / 2, p1), scale_vect(1 / 2, p1), p2, z1, z2)
elif op == "flip_horiz":
return Frame(p0 + p1, scale_vect(-1, p1), p2, z1, z2)
elif op == "flip_vert":
return Frame(p0 + p2, p1, scale_vect(-1, p2), z1, z2)
elif op == "reduce_2": # unused in original
raise NotImplementedError("reduce_2 is not implemented")
elif op == "rotate":
def function(rad):
cos_theta = math.cos(rad)
sin_theta = math.sin(rad)
def rotate_posn(p):
return Posn(
cos_theta * p.x + sin_theta * p.y, cos_theta * p.y - sin_theta * p.x
)
half_gradient = scale_vect(1 / 2, p1 + p2)
center = p0 + half_gradient + rotate_posn(scale_vect(-1, half_gradient))
return Frame(center, rotate_posn(p1), rotate_posn(p2), z1, z2)
return function
elif op == "rotate90":
return Frame(p0 + p1, p2, scale_vect(-1, p1), z1, z2)
elif op == "deep_frac":
return lambda frac: Frame(p0, p1, p2, z1 + ((z2 - z1) * frac), z2)
elif op == "shallow_frac":
return lambda frac: Frame(p0, p1, p2, z1, z1 + ((z2 - z1) * frac))
elif op == "scale_independent":
def function(ratio_x, ratio_y):
d_xy = (p1 * (1 - ratio_x) + p2 * (1 - ratio_y)) * 0.5
center = p0 + d_xy
return Frame(center, p1 * ratio_x, p2 * ratio_y, z1, z2)
return function
elif op == "translate":
return lambda x, y: Frame(
p0 + scale_vect(x, p1) + scale_vect(y, p2), p1, p2, z1, z2
)
# Basic rune combinations
@type_checker((float, Rune, Rune))
def stack_frac(frac, rune1, rune2):
"""
Stacks `rune1` on top and `rune2` at the bottom
with the vertical proportion of `rune1` equals to `frac`.
"""
def function(vp, frame):
if not 0 <= frac <= 1:
raise ValueError("stack_frac: 0 <= frac <= 1 is required")
else:
uf = process_frame("top_frac", frame)(frac)
lf = process_frame("bottom_frac", frame)(1 - frac)
rune1.show(vp, uf)
rune2.show(vp, lf)
return Rune(function)
@type_checker((Rune, Rune))
def stack(rune1, rune2):
"""
Stacks `rune1` on top and `rune2` at the bottom
with equal proportion.
"""
return stack_frac(1 / 2, rune1, rune2)
@type_checker((float, Rune))
def rotate(rad, rune):
"""
Rotate `rune` by a certain angle `rad`, in radians, counterclockwise.
"""
def function(vp, frame):
rune.show(vp, process_frame("rotate", frame)(rad))
return Rune(function)
@type_checker((Rune,))
def eighth_turn_left(rune):
"""
Rotate `rune` by pi/4 radians counterclockwise.
In other words, 45 degrees to the left.
"""
return rotate(math.pi / 4, rune)
@type_checker((Rune,))
def quarter_turn_right(rune):
"""
Rotate `rune` by pi/2 radians clockwise.
In other words, 90 degrees to the right.
"""
def function(vp, frame):
rune.show(vp, process_frame("rotate90", frame))
return Rune(function)
@type_checker((Rune,))
def flip_vert(rune):
"""
Flips `rune` vertically.
"""
def function(vp, frame):
rune.show(vp, process_frame("flip_vert", frame))
return Rune(function)
@type_checker((Rune,))
def flip_horiz(rune):
"""
Flips `rune` horizontally.
"""
def function(vp, frame):
rune.show(vp, process_frame("flip_horiz", frame))
return Rune(function)
@type_checker((float, Rune, Rune))
def overlay_frac(frac, rune1, rune2):
"""
Overlay `rune1` on top and `rune2` at the bottom
with the z-axis proportion of `rune1` equals `frac`.
Basically a 3D-representation of stack_frac.
"""
def function(vp, frame):
if not 0 <= frac <= 1:
raise ValueError("overlay_frac: 0 <= frac <= 1 is required")
else:
df = process_frame("deep_frac", frame)(frac)
sf = process_frame("shallow_frac", frame)(frac)
rune2.show(vp, df)
rune1.show(vp, sf)
return Rune(function)
@type_checker((Rune, Rune))
def overlay(rune1, rune2):
"""
Overlay `rune1` on top and `rune2` at the bottom
with equal z-axis proportion.
"""
return overlay_frac(1 / 2, rune1, rune2)
@type_checker((float, float, Rune))
def scale_independent(ratio_x, ratio_y, rune):
"""
Scales `rune`'s width by `ratio_x` and its height by `ratio_y`.
The scaling anchor point is the center of the rune.
"""
def function(vp, frame):
rune.show(vp, process_frame("scale_independent", frame)(ratio_x, ratio_y))
return Rune(function)
@type_checker((float, Rune))
def scale(ratio, rune):
"""
Scales `rune` by `ratio`, maintaining aspect ratio.
"""
return scale_independent(ratio, ratio, rune)
@type_checker((float, float, Rune))
def translate(x, y, rune):
"""
Translates `rune` by `x` * 100% of the screen to the right
and by `y` * 100% of the screen downwards.
Positive `x` means to the right, positive `y` means downwards.
"""
def function(vp, frame):
rune.show(vp, process_frame("translate", frame)(x, y))
return Rune(function)
@type_checker((Rune,))
def turn_upside_down(rune):
"""
Turns `rune` upside down, a.k.a. 180 degrees.
"""
return quarter_turn_right(quarter_turn_right(rune))
@type_checker((Rune,))
def quarter_turn_left(rune):
"""
Turns `rune` to the left by 90 degrees.
In other word, pi/2 radians counterclockwise.
"""
return turn_upside_down(quarter_turn_right(rune))
@type_checker((Rune, Rune))
def beside(rune1, rune2):
"""
Puts `rune1` and `rune2` beside each other.
Both runes share the same horizontal proportion.
"""
return quarter_turn_right(stack(quarter_turn_left(rune2), quarter_turn_left(rune1)))
@type_checker((Rune,))
def make_cross(rune):
"""
Creates a cross out of the base `rune`.
"""
return stack(
beside(quarter_turn_right(rune), turn_upside_down(rune)),
beside(rune, quarter_turn_left(rune)),
)
# TODO refactor type_checker, pat is a function, but function is not a keyword or built-in.
def repeat_pattern(n, pat, pic):
"""
Repeats a pattern, pat, on a rune, pic, by n times.
"""
if n == 0:
return pic
else:
return pat(repeat_pattern(n - 1, pat, pic))
@type_checker((int, Rune))
def stackn(n, rune):
"""
Stacks n identical `rune` vertically.
The vertical proportions of the runes will be all equal.
"""
if n == 1:
return rune
else:
return stack_frac(1 / n, rune, stackn(n - 1, rune))
##########################################################################
# Functions below this line are deprecated! You don't have to check them #
##########################################################################
def hollusion(rune, ports=None):
"""
Creates a hollusion of `rune`.
"""
global active_hollusion
frequency = 2
MAX_X = round(viewport_size)
MAX_Y = round(viewport_size)
num = ports
if ports == None or ports <= 2:
num = 9
buffers = list(
map(
lambda p: graphics.open_pixmap("buffer", viewport_size, viewport_size),
range(num),
)
)
def animation(cmd=None):
ports = buffers
kill = False
curr = -1
dir = 1
def Self(msg):
nonlocal kill
nonlocal curr
nonlocal Self
nonlocal dir
if msg == "next":
curr += dir
if curr == num or curr < 0:
dir = -dir
curr += 2 * dir
graphics.show_viewport(buffers[curr])
if not kill:
vp[0].after(
round(1000 / (frequency * len(ports))), lambda: Self("next")
)
elif msg == "kill":
kill = True
elif msg == "buffer":
return ports
else:
return
return Self
rune.show(buffers, unit_frame)
if active_hollusion != None:
active_hollusion("kill")
active_hollusion = animation()
active_hollusion("next")
return active_hollusion
def anaglyph(rune):
"""
Creates an anaglyph of `rune`.
Very advisable to use 3D glasses for the effects.
"""
if graphics.PIL_available:
MAX_X = round(viewport_size)
MAX_Y = viewport_size
stereo = vp
depth = graphics.open_pixmap("Depthmap Viewport", viewport_size, viewport_size)
def get_depth(x, y, pix):
return pix[x, y][0]
rune.show([lp, rp], unit_frame)
lp_pix = graphics.get_pixels(lp)
rp_pix = graphics.get_pixels(rp)
pixels = graphics.get_pixels(stereo)
for y in range(MAX_Y):
for x in range(MAX_X):
l = get_depth(x, y, lp_pix)
r = get_depth(x, y, rp_pix)
pixels[x, y] = (r, l, l)
graphics.pixels_to_canvas(stereo)
else:
print("PIL does not appear to be available")
def function_to_painter(depth_fun):
"""
Converts a depth function depth_fun into a rune.
"""
tolerance = 1 / spread
def get_depth(x, y, dir, frame): # lp -> dir = -1, rp -> dir = 1
result = 1
for c in range(0, spread):
ox = round(x + (dir * ((-0.3 * spread) + c)))
if 0 <= ox < viewport_size:
curr = depth_fun(round(ox), round(y))
if curr != 1:
curr = frame.z1 + ((frame.z2 - frame.z1) * curr)
d = abs(curr - c / spread)
if d < tolerance:
result = curr
return result
def painter(vp, frame):
def ana_out_loop(port, count):
inverse_transform = inverse_transform_posn(frame)
tgtpixels = graphics.get_pixels(port)
size = graphics.get_image_size(port)
MAX_X = size[0]
MAX_Y = size[1]
tgtpixels = graphics.get_pixels(port)
for y in range(MAX_Y):
for x in range(MAX_X):
posn = inverse_transform(Posn(x, y))
col = get_depth(posn.x, posn.y, count, frame)
col = round(min(col, 1) * 255)
if col < 255:
tgtpixels[x, y] = (
min(col, tgtpixels[x, y][0]),
min(col, tgtpixels[x, y][1]),
min(col, tgtpixels[x, y][2]),
)
graphics.pixels_to_canvas(port)
if is_list_or_tuple(vp[0]):
for count, port in enumerate(vp):
ana_out_loop(port, ((2 * count) / (len(vp) - 1) - 1))
else:
inverse_transform = inverse_transform_posn(frame)
tgtpixels = graphics.get_pixels(vp)
size = graphics.get_image_size(vp)
MAX_X = size[0]
MAX_Y = size[1]
for y in range(MAX_Y):
for x in range(MAX_X):
posn = inverse_transform(Posn(x, y))
color = depth_fun(posn.x, posn.y)
if color != 1:
color = frame.z1 + ((frame.z2 - frame.z1) * color)
color = round(min(color, 1) * 255)
if color < 255: # assuming that white is the transparency color
tgtpixels[x, y] = (
min(color, tgtpixels[x, y][0]),
min(color, tgtpixels[x, y][1]),
min(color, tgtpixels[x, y][2]),
)
graphics.pixels_to_canvas(vp)
return painter
def image_to_painter(filename):
"""
Converts an image file to a rune.
Probably a work in progress.
"""
img = graphics.load_image(filename)
tolerance = 1 / spread
limit = 0.86
# Process
def painter(vp, frame):
if is_list_or_tuple(vp[0]):
def get_depth(x, y, dir):
global spread
nonlocal pixels
for c in range(spread):
ox = round(x + dir * (-0.3 * spread + c))
if 0 <= ox < viewport_size:
if (
type(pixels[ox, y]) is int
): # this is a workaround for black/white pictures
curr = pixels[ox, y]
else:
curr = pixels[ox, y][0]
d = abs(curr - 255 * c / spread)
if d <= tolerance * 255:
return curr
return 255
def ana_out_loop(port, count):
nonlocal img
size = graphics.get_image_size(img)
MAX_X = size[0]
MAX_Y = size[1]
tsize = graphics.get_image_size(port)
TMAX_X = tsize[0]
TMAX_Y = tsize[1]
tgtpixels = graphics.get_pixels(port)
inv_transform = inverse_transform_posn(frame)
for y in range(TMAX_Y):
for x in range(TMAX_X):
orig = inv_transform(Posn(x, y))
rx = round(orig.x)
ry = round(orig.y)
if 0 <= rx < MAX_X and 0 <= ry < MAX_Y: # within bounds
col = get_depth(rx, ry, count)
if col > 255 * limit:
col = 999
else:
col = round(
frame.z1 * 255 + (frame.z2 - frame.z1) * col
)
if col <= 255:
tgtpixels[x, y] = (
min(col, tgtpixels[x, y][0]),
min(col, tgtpixels[x, y][1]),
min(col, tgtpixels[x, y][2]),
)
graphics.pixels_to_canvas(port)
pixels = graphics.get_pixels(img)
for count, port in enumerate(vp):
ana_out_loop(port, ((2 * count) / (len(vp) - 1) - 1))
else:
transform = inverse_transform_posn(frame)
graphics.blit_pixels(
vp,
transform,
graphics.get_pixels(img),
graphics.get_image_size(vp),
graphics.get_image_size(img),
True,
frame.z1,
frame.z2,
) # block level image transfer
return painter
def stereogram(painter):
"""
Generates a stereogram of a rune.
"""
E = 300 # distance between eyes in pixels
D = 600 # distance between eyes and image plane in pixels
delta = 40 # stereo separation
MAX_X = round(viewport_size)
MAX_Y = viewport_size
MAX_Z = 0
CENTRE = round(MAX_X / 2)
stereo = vp
pixels = graphics.get_pixels(stereo)
depthmap = graphics.open_pixmap("temp", viewport_size, viewport_size)
depth_pix = graphics.get_pixels(depthmap)
painter(depthmap, unit_frame)
Infinity = float("inf")
depth_pix = graphics.get_pixels(depthmap)
def get_depth(x, y):
if (0) < x < (MAX_X):
return -100 * depth_pix[x, y][0] / 255 - 400
else:
return -500
for y in range(MAX_Y):
link_left = {}
link_right = {}
colours = {}
for x in range(MAX_X):
z = get_depth(x, y)
s = delta + z * (
E / (z - D)
) # Determine distance between intersection of lines of sight on image
left = x - round(s / 2) # x is integer, left is integer
right = left + round(s) # right is integer
if left > 0 and right < MAX_X:
if (not (left in link_right) or s < link_right[left]) and (
not (right in link_left) or s < link_left[right]
):
link_right[left] = round(s)
link_left[right] = round(s)
# Constraint resolution
for x in range(MAX_X):
try:
s = link_left[x]
except KeyError:
s = Infinity
if s != Infinity:
s = x
d = None
if x > s:
d = link_right[x - s]
else:
d = Infinity
if s == Infinity or s > d:
link_left[x] = 0
# Drawing step
for x in range(MAX_X):
s = link_left[x] # should be valid for [0, MAX_X - 1]
try:
colour = colours[x - s]
except KeyError:
colour = (
round(random() * 10 / 9 * 255),
round(random() * 10 / 9 * 255),
round(random() * 10 / 9 * 255),
)
pixels[x, y] = colour
colours[x] = colour
graphics.pixels_to_canvas(stereo)
def save_image(filename):
"""
Saves a rune into an image file.
"""
graphics.saveImage(vp, filename)
def save_hollusion(filename):
"""
Saves a hollusion into a GIF file.
filename is a string without ".gif" at the back.
"""
if graphics.PIL_available:
if active_hollusion == None:
raise ("No hollusion active")
else:
filename += ".gif"
frames = list(
map(lambda vp: graphics.get_image(vp), active_hollusion("buffer"))
)
rev = frames[1 : len(frames) - 1]
rev.reverse()
frames.extend(rev)
PyGif.saveAnimated(filename, frames, 1 / len(frames))
else:
print("PIL does not appear to be available")
本文讨论了如何在给定点的情况下确定该点所在的多边形，并计算该多边形的面积。提供了使用NTS几何扩展进行操作的方法。
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