本文详细介绍了时钟信号的三种抖动类型：周期抖动（Period Jitter）、周期间抖动（Cycle-to-Cycle Jitter）和长期抖动（Long-term Jitter）。周期抖动是相对于理想周期的时钟周期偏差，通常以RMS值表示。周期间抖动是相邻周期之间的变化，峰值值定义了连续时钟边沿的最大偏差。长期抖动则关注连续时钟周期在长时间间隔内的累积效应，适用于图形/视频显示和远程遥测应用。文章还探讨了这些抖动类型之间的关系，如周期抖动是周期间抖动的积分，而固定频率偏移导致相位误差积累。
1. Period Jitter
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1.1 Period jitter is the deviation in cycle time of a clock signal with respect to the ideal period over a number of randomly selected cycles. Period jitter is useful in calculating timing margins in digital systems.
1.2 Because the period jitter from a clock is random in nature with Gaussian distribution, it can be completely expressed in terms of its Root Mean Square (RMS) value in pico-seconds (ps). However, the peak-to-peak value is more relevant in calculating setup and hold time budgets.
1.3 To convert the RMS jitter to peak-to-peak (Pk-Pk) ji
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