3 Packages Comparison: LFC, CSP and QFN

LFC (Low Profile Fine-pitch Chip Carrier), CSP (Chip Scale Package), and QFN (Quad Flat No-leads) are all types of integrated circuit packaging technologies, each with its own characteristics and applications. Here are the key differences between them:

  1. LFC (Low Profile Fine-pitch Chip Carrier):

    • LFC packages typically have leads or pads around the perimeter of the package.
    • The leads are usually arranged in a grid pattern with fine pitch (small spacing between them).
    • LFC packages are larger compared to CSPs and QFNs.
    • They are commonly used in applications where space is not as constrained, but where high pin counts and fine pitch are required.
  2. CSP (Chip Scale Package):

    • CSP packages are designed to be close to the size of the integrated circuit (IC) itself, with a minimal footprint.
    • CSPs typically do not have external leads; instead, solder balls are direc
root@237964bc7178:/workspace/tros_ws# apt-get update Hit:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease [129 kB] Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease [128 kB] Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease [127 kB] Ign:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main arm64 Packages Get:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main amd64 Packages [3472 kB] Ign:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/multiverse arm64 Packages Ign:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/multiverse arm64 Packages Ign:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe arm64 Packages Ign:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe arm64 Packages Ign:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/restricted arm64 Packages Ign:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/multiverse arm64 Packages Ign:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted arm64 Packages Get:14 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/restricted amd64 Packages [5865 kB] Ign:15 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main arm64 Packages Get:16 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 Packages [3798 kB] Ign:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe arm64 Packages Get:18 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe amd64 Packages [1288 kB] Ign:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main arm64 Packages Ign:20 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/restricted arm64 Packages Ign:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/multiverse arm64 Packages Get:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe amd64 Packages [1594 kB] Ign:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe arm64 Packages Ign:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/universe arm64 Packages Ign:15 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main arm64 Packages Ign:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/main arm64 Packages Ign:20 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/restricted arm64 Packages Ign:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main arm64 Packages Ign:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/multiverse arm64 Packages Ign:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe arm64 Packages Ign:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/multiverse arm64 Packages Ign:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe arm64 Packages Ign:15 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main arm64 Packages Ign:20 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/restricted arm64 Packages Ign:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/restricted arm64 Packages Ign:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/multiverse arm64 Packages Ign:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/multiverse arm64 Packages Ign:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted arm64 Packages Ign:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe arm64 Packages Ign:15 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main arm64 Packages Ign:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe arm64 Packages Ign:20 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/restricted arm64 Packages Ign:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main arm64 Packages Ign:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/multiverse arm64 Packages Ign:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/universe arm64 Packages Ign:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/main arm64 Packages Ign:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe arm64 Packages Ign:15 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main arm64 Packages Ign:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main arm64 Packages Ign:20 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/restricted arm64 Packages Ign:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/multiverse arm64 Packages Err:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/multiverse arm64 Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.36 80] Ign:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe arm64 Packages Ign:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/restricted arm64 Packages Ign:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe arm64 Packages Ign:15 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main arm64 Packages Ign:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/multiverse arm64 Packages Ign:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted arm64 Packages Ign:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe arm64 Packages Ign:20 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/restricted arm64 Packages Ign:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main arm64 Packages Ign:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/universe arm64 Packages Ign:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/main arm64 Packages Ign:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main arm64 Packages Ign:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/multiverse arm64 Packages Ign:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe arm64 Packages Ign:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/restricted arm64 Packages Ign:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/multiverse arm64 Packages Ign:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted arm64 Packages Ign:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe arm64 Packages Ign:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main arm64 Packages Ign:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/universe arm64 Packages Ign:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/main arm64 Packages Ign:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main arm64 Packages Ign:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/multiverse arm64 Packages Ign:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe arm64 Packages Ign:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/restricted arm64 Packages Ign:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/multiverse arm64 Packages Ign:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted arm64 Packages Ign:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe arm64 Packages Ign:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main arm64 Packages Ign:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/universe arm64 Packages Ign:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/main arm64 Packages Err:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main arm64 Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.39 80] Ign:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/multiverse arm64 Packages Ign:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe arm64 Packages Ign:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/restricted arm64 Packages Err:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/multiverse arm64 Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.39 80] Ign:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted arm64 Packages Ign:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe arm64 Packages Ign:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main arm64 Packages Err:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/universe arm64 Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.39 80] Ign:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/main arm64 Packages Fetched 16.4 MB in 53s (309 kB/s) Reading package lists... Done E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/jammy/main/binary-arm64/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.39 80] E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/jammy-security/multiverse/binary-arm64/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.36 80] E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/jammy-updates/multiverse/binary-arm64/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.39 80] E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/jammy-backports/universe/binary-arm64/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.39 80] E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead. 步骤3:安装依赖 更新软件源 apt-get update时遇到了错误,怎么解决
10-25
<think>我们参考了之前的引用,特别是引用[3]中提到的方法:在源地址前面加上架构[arch=armhf]来解决404 Not Found错误。 用户的问题:在Ubuntu系统中使用apt-get update更新软件源时出现404 Not Found错误。 根据引用[3],此问题通常发生在ARM架构的设备上(如Jetson Nano),因为默认的软件源可能不包含ARM架构的包,或者软件源地址配置不正确。 解决方案: 1. 检查系统架构:确保软件源配置与系统架构匹配(如armhf, arm64, amd64等)。 2. 修改软件源配置文件(/etc/apt/sources.list),在每一行源地址前添加对应的架构标识,例如:[arch=armhf]。 3. 使用国内镜像源(如清华源、中科大源)替换官方源,并确保镜像源支持ARM架构。 具体步骤: 步骤1:确认系统架构 在终端执行以下命令: ```bash uname -m ``` 如果是ARM架构,通常会显示`aarch64`(64位)或`armv7l`(32位)。 步骤2:备份当前的sources.list文件 ```bash sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak ``` 步骤3:编辑sources.list文件 使用文本编辑器(如nano)打开sources.list: ```bash sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list ``` 步骤4:修改源地址 在每一行源地址的前面添加对应的架构标识,例如对于32位ARM(armhf): ``` deb [arch=armhf] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb [arch=armhf] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb [arch=armhf] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb [arch=armhf] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse ``` 如果是64位ARM(arm64),则使用`[arch=arm64]`。 注意:请根据你的Ubuntu版本(如bionic、focal等)和实际架构选择镜像源。这里以中科大源(ustc)为例,也可以使用清华源等。 步骤5:保存并退出编辑器(在nano中按Ctrl+O,然后按Enter,再按Ctrl+X)。 步骤6:运行更新命令 ```bash sudo apt-get update ``` 如果问题依旧,可以尝试以下额外步骤: 1. 检查网络连接:确保可以访问镜像源地址。 2. 清除apt缓存: ```bash sudo apt-get clean sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* sudo apt-get update ``` 3. 如果使用Ubuntu Ports源(专为非x86架构提供),确保源地址正确。例如,中科大的Ubuntu Ports源地址为:`http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/`。 注意:Ubuntu官方为ARM等非x86架构提供了`ubuntu-ports`仓库,而不是标准的`ubuntu`仓库。因此,在配置源时,需要将`http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu`替换为`http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports`或使用国内镜像的`ubuntu-ports`路径。 例如,对于Ubuntu 20.04 (focal) 64位ARM,可以这样配置: ``` deb [arch=arm64] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb [arch=arm64] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb [arch=arm64] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb [arch=arm64] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse ``` 通过以上步骤,通常可以解决404 Not Found错误。 相关问题: 1. 如何检查Ubuntu系统的版本和架构? 2. 有哪些国内镜像源支持ARM架构的Ubuntu系统? 3. 如何为不同的架构(如amd64, arm64, armhf)配置混合软件源? 4. 在修改软件源后,如何解决依赖冲突问题? </think>### Ubuntu系统中解决`apt-get update`出现404 Not Found错误的方法 #### **问题原因分析** 404 Not Found错误通常是由于软件源配置与系统架构不匹配导致的。根据引用[3][^3],在ARM架构设备(如Jetson Nano)上使用标准x86软件源时尤其常见。主要影响因素包括: 1. **架构不匹配**:系统为ARM架构(如armhf/arm64),但软件源配置为x86架构 2. **软件源过期**:Ubuntu版本升级后未更新源配置 3. **镜像源不可用**:选择的镜像服务器未同步最新软件包 #### **解决步骤** ##### **1. 确认系统架构** ```bash uname -m # 输出示例: aarch64(ARM64) 或 armv7l(ARM32) lsb_release -a # 查看Ubuntu版本 ``` ##### **2. 修改软件源配置** 编辑源配置文件(以Ubuntu 18.04 ARM为例): ```bash sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list ``` 替换为ARM架构专用源(中科大镜像): ```bash deb [arch=armhf] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted deb [arch=armhf] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main deb [arch=armhf] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic universe deb [arch=armhf] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates universe deb [arch=armhf] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic multiverse deb [arch=armhf] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates multiverse deb [arch=armhf] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main deb [arch=armhf] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main ``` ##### **3. 清理缓存并更新** ```bash sudo apt-get clean sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* sudo apt-get update # 此时应无404错误 ``` #### **常见架构匹配方案** | 系统架构 | 源配置示例 | 适用设备 | |----------------|------------------------------|------------------| | **arm64** | `deb [arch=arm64] ...` | Jetson Xavier等 | | **armhf** | `deb [arch=armhf] ...` | Raspberry Pi等 | | **amd64** | 标准源无需特殊标记 | x86 PC | #### **验证方法** ```bash sudo apt-get update | grep "Get:" # 正常输出示例: # Get:1 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn bionic InRelease [xxxx B] # Get:2 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn bionic-updates InRelease [xxxx B] ``` #### **备选镜像源推荐** ```bash # 清华源 deb [arch=arm64] https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main # 阿里云源 deb [arch=armhf] http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security multiverse ``` > 注意:修改后若出现`Release file expired`错误,需检查系统时间是否正确:`sudo apt install ntpdate && sudo ntpdate pool.ntp.org`[^3] ---
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