用ElasticSearch,LogStash,Kibana搭建实时日志收集系统

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原创最新推荐文章于 2026-01-25 12:06:06 发布 5.1k 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

kibana-oss-6.5.4-linux-x86_64.tar.gz 这个kibana-oos时linux环境版本时6.5.4 在开发中使用kibana 连接ES 非oos 则需要安全校验，这时就会连接不上，而kibana-oos这版本连接时，则不要安全校验立即下载

用ElasticSearch,LogStash,Kibana搭建实时日志收集系统

介绍

这套系统，logstash负责收集处理日志文件内容存储到elasticsearch搜索引擎数据库中。kibana负责查询elasticsearch并在web中展示。
logstash收集进程收获日志文件内容后，先输出到redis中缓存，另一logstash处理进程从redis中读出并转存到elasticsearch中，以解决读快写慢速度不一致问题。
官方在线文档：https://www.elastic.co/guide/index.html

一、安装jdk7

ElasticSearch,LogStash均是java程序，所以需要jdk环境。
需要注意的是，多节点通讯，必须保证JDK版本一致，不然可能会导致连接失败。
下载：jdk-7u71-linux-x64.rpm
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk7-downloads-1880260.html
rpm -ivh jdk-7u71-linux-x64.rpm

配置JDK
编辑/etc/profile文件，在开头加入：

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_71
export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH

检查JDK环境
使用source /etc/profile命令，使环境变量立即生效。
查看当前安装的JDK版本，命令：java -version
检查环境变量，echo $PATH

二、安装elasticsearch

elasticsearch是一个搜索引擎，负责存储日志内容。
下载安装
wget https://download.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-1.4.4.tar.gz
tar zxvf elasticsearch-1.4.4.tar.gz
修改config/elasticsearch.yml配置文件

bootstrap.mlockall: true

index.number_of_shards: 1
index.number_of_replicas: 0

#index.translog.flush_threshold_ops: 100000
#index.refresh_interval: -1
index.translog.flush_threshold_ops: 5000
index.refresh_interval: 1  

network.bind_host: 172.16.18.114     

#节点间通讯发布到其它节点的IP地址
#如果不设置由ES自己决定它可能会发现一个地址，但是其它节点可能访问不了，这样节点间通讯将失败                                
network.publish_host: 172.16.18.114                                          

# Security 允许所有http请求
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: "/.*/"

修改bin/elasticsearch文件

# 使jvm使用os，max-open-files
es_parms="-Delasticsearch -Des.max-open-files=ture"

# Start up the service
# 修改OS打开最大文件数
ulimit -n 1000000
ulimit -l unlimited
launch_service "$pidfile" "$daemonized" "$properties"

修改bin/elasticsearch.in.sh文件

......

if [ "x$ES_MIN_MEM" = "x" ]; then
    ES_MIN_MEM=256m
fi
if [ "x$ES_MAX_MEM" = "x" ]; then
    ES_MAX_MEM=1g
fi
if [ "x$ES_HEAP_SIZE" != "x" ]; then
    ES_MIN_MEM=$ES_HEAP_SIZE
    ES_MAX_MEM=$ES_HEAP_SIZE
fi

#set min memory as 2g
ES_MIN_MEM=2g
#set max memory as 2g
ES_MAX_MEM=2g

......

运行
./bin/elasticsearch -d
./logs下为日志文件

检查节点状态
curl -XGET ‘http://localhost:9200/_nodes?os=true&process=true&pretty=true’

{
  "cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
  "nodes" : {
    "7PEaZbvxToCL2O2KuMGRYQ" : {
      "name" : "Gertrude Yorkes",
      "transport_address" : "inet[/172.16.18.116:9300]",
      "host" : "casimbak",
      "ip" : "172.16.18.116",
      "version" : "1.4.4",
      "build" : "c88f77f",
      "http_address" : "inet[/172.16.18.116:9200]",
      "settings" : {
        "index": {
            "number_of_replicas": "0",
            "translog": {
                "flush_threshold_ops": "5000"
            },
            "number_of_shards": "1",
            "refresh_interval": "1"
        },      
        "path" : {
          "logs" : "/home/jfy/soft/elasticsearch-1.4.4/logs",
          "home" : "/home/jfy/soft/elasticsearch-1.4.4"
        },
        "cluster" : {
          "name" : "elasticsearch"
        },
        "bootstrap" : {
          "mlockall" : "true"
        },
        "client" : {
          "type" : "node"
        },
        "http" : {
          "cors" : {
            "enabled" : "true",
            "allow-origin" : "/.*/"
          }
        },
        "foreground" : "yes",
        "name" : "Gertrude Yorkes",
        "max-open-files" : "ture"
      },
      "process" : {
        "refresh_interval_in_millis" : 1000,
        "id" : 13896,
        "max_file_descriptors" : 1000000,
        "mlockall" : true
      },

      ...

    }
  }
}

表明ElasticSearch已运行，状态与配置相符

        "index": {
            "number_of_replicas": "0",
            "translog": {
                "flush_threshold_ops": "5000"
            },
            "number_of_shards": "1",
            "refresh_interval": "1"
        }, 

      "process" : {
        "refresh_interval_in_millis" : 1000,
        "id" : 13896,
        "max_file_descriptors" : 1000000,
        "mlockall" : true
      },

安装head插件操作elasticsearch
elasticsearch/bin/plugin -install mobz/elasticsearch-head
http://172.16.18.116:9200/_plugin/head/
安装marvel插件监控elasticsearch状态
elasticsearch/bin/plugin -i elasticsearch/marvel/latest
http://172.16.18.116:9200/_plugin/marvel/

三、安装logstash

logstash一个日志收集处理过滤程序。
LogStash分为日志收集端进程和日志处理端进程，收集端负责收集多个日志文件实时的将日志内容输出到redis队列缓存，处理端负责将redis队列缓存中的内容输出到ElasticSarch中存储。收集端进程运行在产生日志文件的服务器上，处理端进程运行在redis,elasticsearch同一服务器上。
下载
wget https://download.elasticsearch.org/logstash/logstash/logstash-1.4.2.tar.gz
redis安装配置
make
make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis install
要注意监控redis队列长度，如果长时间堆集说明elasticsearch出问题了
每2S检查一下redis中数据列表长度，100次
redis-cli -r 100 -i 2 llen logstash:redis
配置Logstash日志收集进程
vi ./lib/logstash/config/shipper.conf

input {
    #file {
    #    type => "mysql_log"
    #    path => "/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.log"
    #    codec => plain{
    #        charset => "GBK"
    #    }
    #}
    file {
        type => "hostapd_log"
        path => "/root/hostapd/hostapd.log"
        sincedb_path => "/home/jfy/soft/logstash-1.4.2/sincedb_hostapd.access"
        #start_position => "beginning"
        #http://logstash.net/docs/1.4.2/codecs/plain
        codec => plain{
            charset => "GBK"
        }
    }
    file {
        type => "hkt_log"
        path => "/usr1/app/log/bsapp.tr"
        sincedb_path => "/home/jfy/soft/logstash-1.4.2/sincedb_hkt.access"
        start_position => "beginning"
        codec => plain{
            charset => "GBK"
        }
    }
#   stdin {
#       type => "hostapd_log"
#   }
}

#filter {
#    grep {
#        match => [ "@message", "mysql|GET|error" ]
#    }
#}

output {
    redis {
        host => '172.16.18.116'
        data_type => 'list'
        key => 'logstash:redis'
#        codec => plain{
#            charset => "UTF-8"
#        }
    }
#    elasticsearch {
#      #embedded => true
#      host => "172.16.18.116"
#    }
}

运行收集端进程
./bin/logstash agent -f ./lib/logstash/config/shipper.conf

配置Logstash日志处理进程
vi ./lib/logstash/config/indexer.conf

input {
  redis {
    host => '127.0.0.1'
    data_type => 'list'
    key => 'logstash:redis'
    #threads => 10
    #batch_count => 1000
  }
}

output {
  elasticsearch {
    #embedded => true
    host => localhost
    #workers => 10
  }
}

运行处理端进程
./bin/logstash agent -f ./lib/logstash/config/indexer.conf
处理端从redis读出缓存的日志内容，输出到ElasticSarch中存储

四、安装kibana

kibana是elasticsearch搜索引擎的web展示界面，一套在webserver下的js脚本,可以定制复杂的查询过滤条件检索elasticsearch，并以多种方式（表格，图表）展示。
下载
wget https://download.elasticsearch.org/kibana/kibana/kibana-3.1.2.tar.gz
解压后将kibana目录放到webserver能访问到的地方
配置
修改kibana/config.js:

如果kibana与elasticsearch不在同一机器则修改：
elasticsearch: "http://192.168.91.128:9200",
#这里实际上是浏览器直接访问该地址连接elasticsearch

否则默认，一定不要修改

如果出现connection failed，则修改elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml，增加：

http.cors.enabled: true  
http.cors.allow-origin: "/.*/"

具体含义参见：
http://www.elasticsearch.org/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/modules-http.html

访问kibana
http://172.16.18.114:6090/kibana/index.html#/dashboard/file/logstash.json
配置kibana界面
可以filtering中配置需要访问的日志type,如_type=voip_log,对应着上面logstash中shipper.conf的type
也可以点击右上角的save将当前界面的配置保存到elasticsearch中，默认是保存在kibana-int索引中