配置虚链路

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]undo info-center enable
[Huawei]sysname AR1
[AR1]interface g0/0/0
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.1 24
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[AR1]interface LoopBack 0
[AR1-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 32
[AR1-LoopBack0]quit


<AR1>sys
[AR1]ospf router-id 1.1.1.1
[AR1-ospf-1]area 0
[AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[AR1-ospf-1]

<AR1>display ospf routing

	 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
		  Routing Tables 

 Routing for Network 
 Destination        Cost  Type       NextHop         AdvRouter       Area
 1.1.1.1/32         0     Stub       1.1.1.1         1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0
 12.1.1.0/24        1     Transit    12.1.1.1        1.1.1.1         0.0.0.0
 2.2.2.2/32         1     Inter-area 12.1.1.2        2.2.2.2         0.0.0.0
 3.3.3.3/32         2     Inter-area 12.1.1.2        2.2.2.2         0.0.0.0
 4.4.4.4/32         3     Inter-area 12.1.1.2        2.2.2.2         0.0.0.0
 23.1.1.0/24        2     Inter-area 12.1.1.2        2.2.2.2         0.0.0.0
 34.1.1.0/24        3     Inter-area 12.1.1.2        2.2.2.2         0.0.0.0

 Total Nets: 7  
 Intra Area: 2  Inter Area: 5  ASE: 0  NSSA: 0 

一、设备基础配置分析
‌系统视图与信息中心配置‌

system-view进入系统视图，undo info-center enable用于关闭信息中心日志功能‌，该操作可减少调试信息干扰，但会禁用日志记录功能‌
sysname AR1修改设备名称为AR1，属于基础设备标识配置‌
‌接口IP地址配置‌

GigabitEthernet0/0/0接口配置IP 12.1.1.1/24，符合标准接口IP配置语法‌
LoopBack0接口配置IP 1.1.1.1/32，环回接口常用于设备管理或协议标识‌
二、OSPF配置解析
‌OSPF基础配置‌
ospf router-id 1.1.1.1显式指定Router ID为环回接口IP，确保路由标识稳定性‌。
area 0进入骨干区域，network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255和network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0将接口加入OSPF进程：
12.1.1.0/24为物理接口网段，使用通配符掩码0.0.0.255精确匹配‌
1.1.1.1/32为环回地址，0.0.0.0表示精确主机路由‌
三、路由表输出解读（display ospf routing）
‌路由条目分类‌

‌区域内路由（Intra Area）‌：
1.1.1.1/32（Cost 0）为本地环回接口的直连路由，类型为Stub‌
12.1.1.0/24（Cost 1）为物理接口所属网段，类型为Transit（传输网络）‌
‌区域间路由（Inter Area）‌：
如2.2.2.2/32等5条路由通过ABR（区域边界路由器）从其他OSPF区域学习‌，下一跳为12.1.1.2，表明该地址为相邻路由器的接口IP。
‌路由传播验证‌

路由表中存在非直连网段（如23.1.1.0/24），说明OSPF邻居关系建立成功，且其他路由器通过OSPF发布了这些路由‌

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]undo info-center enable
[Huawei]sysname AR2
[AR2]interface g0/0/1
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 12.1.1.2 24
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[AR2]interface g0/0/0
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 23.1.1.2 24
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[AR2]interface LoopBack 0
[AR2-LoopBack0]ip address 2.2.2.2 32
[AR2-LoopBack0]quit


<AR2>sys
[AR2]ospf router-id 2.2.2.2
[AR2-ospf-1]area 0
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[AR2-ospf-1]area 1
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]quit
[AR2-ospf-1]

[AR2]ospf
[AR2-ospf-1]area 1
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]vlink-peer 4.4.4.4
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]undo info-center enable
[Huawei]sysname AR3
[AR3]interface g0/0/1
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 23.1.1.3 24
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[AR3]interface LoopBack 0
[AR3-LoopBack0]quit
[AR3]interface g0/0/0
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 34.1.1.3 24
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[AR3]interface LoopBack 0
[AR3-LoopBack0]ip address 3.3.3.3 32
[AR3-LoopBack0]quit

[AR3]ospf router-id 3.3.3.3
[AR3-ospf-1]area 1
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 34.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]quit

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]undo info-center enable
[Huawei]sysname AR4
[AR4]interface g0/0/1
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 34.1.1.4 24
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[AR4]interface g0/0/0
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 45.1.1.4 24
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[AR4]interface LoopBack 0
[AR4-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 32


<AR4>sys
[AR4]ospf router-id 4.4.4.4
[AR4-ospf-1]area 1
[AR4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 34.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[AR4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
[AR4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]quit
[AR4-ospf-1]area 2
[AR4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 45.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[AR4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]quit
[AR4-ospf-1]

[AR4]ospf
[AR4-ospf-1]area 1
[AR4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]vlink-peer 2.2.2.2
[AR4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]quit

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]undo info-center enable 
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sysname AR5
[AR5]interface g0/0/1
[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 45.1.1.5 24
[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[AR5]interface LoopBack 0
[AR5-LoopBack0]ip address 5.5.5.5 32
[AR5-LoopBack0]quit

<AR5>sys
[AR5]ospf router-id 5.5.5.5
[AR5-ospf-1]area 2
[AR5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 45.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[AR5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0
[AR5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]quit
[AR5-ospf-1]quit
[AR5]quit
<AR5>display ospf routing

	 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 5.5.5.5
		  Routing Tables 

 Routing for Network 
 Destination        Cost  Type       NextHop         AdvRouter       Area
 5.5.5.5/32         0     Stub       5.5.5.5         5.5.5.5         0.0.0.2
 45.1.1.0/24        1     Transit    45.1.1.5        5.5.5.5         0.0.0.2

 Total Nets: 2  
 Intra Area: 2  Inter Area: 0  ASE: 0  NSSA: 0 

<AR5>display ospf routing

	 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 5.5.5.5
		  Routing Tables 

 Routing for Network 
 Destination        Cost  Type       NextHop         AdvRouter       Area
 5.5.5.5/32         0     Stub       5.5.5.5         5.5.5.5         0.0.0.2
 45.1.1.0/24        1     Transit    45.1.1.5        5.5.5.5         0.0.0.2
 1.1.1.1/32         4     Inter-area 45.1.1.4        4.4.4.4         0.0.0.2
 2.2.2.2/32         3     Inter-area 45.1.1.4        4.4.4.4         0.0.0.2
 3.3.3.3/32         2     Inter-area 45.1.1.4        4.4.4.4         0.0.0.2
 4.4.4.4/32         1     Inter-area 45.1.1.4        4.4.4.4         0.0.0.2
 12.1.1.0/24        4     Inter-area 45.1.1.4        4.4.4.4         0.0.0.2
 23.1.1.0/24        3     Inter-area 45.1.1.4        4.4.4.4         0.0.0.2
 34.1.1.0/24        2     Inter-area 45.1.1.4        4.4.4.4         0.0.0.2

 Total Nets: 9  
 Intra Area: 2  Inter Area: 7  ASE: 0  NSSA: 0