Quartz入门

目标：

1、Quartz简介及应用场景
2、Quartz简单触发器 SimpleTrigger介绍
3、Quartz表达式触发器CronTirgger介绍
4、Quartz中参数传递
5、Spring task Vs Quartz

Quartz简介及应用场景
1、Quartz介绍

任务调度框架“Quartz”是OpenSymphony开源组织在Job scheduling领域又一个开源项目，是完全由java开发的一个开源的任务日程管理系统，
“任务进度管理器”就是一个在预先确定（被纳入日程）的时间到达时，负责执行（或者通知）其他软件组件的系统。

简单来说就是实现“计划(或定时)任务”的系统，例如：订单下单后未付款，15分钟后自动撤消订单，并自动解锁锁定的商品

2. Quartz的触发器

触发器用来告诉调度程序作业什么时候触发。框架提供了5种触发器类型，但两个最常用的SimpleTrigger和CronTrigger。

五种类型的Trigger(定时器)

SimpleTrigger
CronTirgger
DateIntervalTrigger
NthIncludedDayTrigger
Calendar类（ org.quartz.Calendar）

场景：

SimpleTrigger：执行N次，重复N次
CronTrigger：几秒 几分 几时 哪日 哪月 哪周 哪年，执行

图解quartz工作流程

quartz相关表达式

在线生成表达式网址：http://cron.qqe2.com/


所需pom依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
    <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
    <artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>

Quartz简单触发器 SimpleTrigger介绍

Ramjob

package com.liuyujian.quartz01.job;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobDataMap;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * @author老刘飞刀
 * @site www.xiaomage.com
 * @company xxx公司
 * @create  2019-12-01 11:02
 */
public class Ramjob implements Job {
   /* @Override
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
       */ /*System.out.println("定时业务逻辑代码。。。。。");
        JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
        System.out.println(jobDataMap.get("name").toString() + ":" + jobDataMap.get("name2").toString());
   */

    @Override
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
        SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        System.err.println(format.format(new Date())+" : 基于RAM的quartz调度框架定时任务...");

        try {
            Thread.sleep(20*1000);
            System.out.println("模拟正在处理大数据....");
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


    }

Dome1
每次执行 * 长时间，每次间隔 * 长时间

package com.liuyujian.quartz01.quartz;

import com.liuyujian.quartz01.job.Ramjob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;

/**
 * @author老刘飞刀
 * @site www.xiaomage.com
 * @company xxx公司
 * @create  2019-12-01 10:52
 */
public class Dome1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //调度器
        SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory=new StdSchedulerFactory();
        Scheduler scheduler= schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
        //作业类
        JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(Ramjob.class)
                .withIdentity("job1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a job1")
                .build();
        //触发器
        Trigger trigger=(Trigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                //一共执行三次，每隔六秒执行一次
                .withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.repeatSecondlyForTotalCount(3,6))
                .withIdentity("tirgger1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a tirgger1")
                .build();
        //调度器组装作业类以及触发器
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
        scheduler.start();
    }
}

Quartz表达式触发器CronTirgger介绍
Dome2
表达触发器（定时定点执行）

package com.liuyujian.quartz01.quartz;

import com.liuyujian.quartz01.job.Ramjob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;

/**
 * @author老刘飞刀
 * @site www.xiaomage.com
 * @company xxx公司
 * @create  2019-12-01 10:52
 * 表达时触发器
 */
public class Dome2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //调度器
        SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory=new StdSchedulerFactory();
        Scheduler scheduler= schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
        //作业类
        JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(Ramjob.class)
                .withIdentity("job1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a job1")
                .build();
        //触发器
        Trigger trigger=(Trigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0 52 19 * * ?"))
                .withIdentity("tirgger1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a tirgger1")
                .build();
        //调度器组装作业类以及触发器
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
        scheduler.start();
    }
}

Dome3
表达触发器（遵循某一规律循环执行，不限次数）

package com.liuyujian.quartz01.quartz;

import com.liuyujian.quartz01.job.Ramjob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;

/**
 * @author老刘飞刀
 * @site www.xiaomage.com
 * @company xxx公司
 * @create  2019-12-01 10:52
 *循环执行，不限次数
 */
public class Dome3 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //调度器
        SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory=new StdSchedulerFactory();
        Scheduler scheduler= schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
        //作业类
        JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(Ramjob.class)
                .withIdentity("job1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a job1")
                .build();
        //触发器
        Trigger trigger=(Trigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/10 * * * * ?"))
                .withIdentity("tirgger1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a tirgger1")
                .build();
        //调度器组装作业类以及触发器
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
        scheduler.start();
    }
}

Quartz中参数传递
Dome4
定时任务参数传递问题

package com.liuyujian.quartz01.quartz;

import com.liuyujian.quartz01.job.Ramjob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;

/**
 * @author老刘飞刀
 * @site www.xiaomage.com
 * @company xxx公司
 * @create  2019-12-01 10:52
 *定时任务传参
 */
public class Dome4 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //调度器
        SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory=new StdSchedulerFactory();
        Scheduler scheduler= schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
        //作业类
        JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(Ramjob.class)
                .withIdentity("job1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a job1")
                .build();
           JobDataMap jobDataMap=jobDetail.getJobDataMap();
           jobDataMap.put("name","小刘");
           jobDataMap.put("name2","无敌");

        //触发器
        Trigger trigger=(Trigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/10 * * * * ?"))
                .withIdentity("tirgger1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a tirgger1")
                .build();
        //调度器组装作业类以及触发器
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
        scheduler.start();
    }
}

Spring task Vs Quartz
Spring task
优点：无需整合spring，作业类中就可以调用业务service

缺点：单线程；不能做数据存储型的定时任务

Quartz
优点：多线程；可以做数据存储型的定时任务，维护性高；
缺点：需要整合spring，不能直接调用业务层service；

线程论证代码

Spring task代码

package com.liuyujian.quartz01.task;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * @author老刘飞刀
 * @site www.xiaomage.com
 * @company xxx公司
 * @create  2019-12-01 11:53
 */
@Component
public class SpringTask {
    @Scheduled(cron = "0/10 * * * * ?")
    public void xxx(){
        SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        System.err.println(format.format(new Date())+" : 这是一个spring task...");

        try {
            Thread.sleep(20*1000);
            System.out.println("模拟正在处理大数据....");
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

结果是spring task中的定时任务变成了30s执行一次

Quartz代码Dome5

package com.liuyujian.quartz01.quartz;

import com.liuyujian.quartz01.job.Ramjob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;

/**
 * @author老刘飞刀
 * @site www.xiaomage.com
 * @company xxx公司
 * @create  2019-12-01 12:05
 */
public class Dome5 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        SchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
//        调度器创建
        Scheduler scheduler = factory.getScheduler();

//        具体定时任务需要执行的代码
        JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(Ramjob.class)
                .withIdentity("job2", "group1")
                .withIdentity("这是一个作业类案例")
                .build();

        Trigger trigger = (Trigger) TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
//                每10s执行一次
                .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/10 * * * * ?"))
//                触发器标识
                .withIdentity("trigger2", "group1")
                .withDescription("这是一个触发器")
                .build();

//       调度工厂绑定作业类及触发器
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
        scheduler.start();
    }

}

RamJob

package com.liuyujian.quartz01.job;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobDataMap;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * @author老刘飞刀
 * @site www.xiaomage.com
 * @company xxx公司
 * @create  2019-12-01 11:02
 */
public class Ramjob implements Job {
   /* @Override
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
       */ /*System.out.println("定时业务逻辑代码。。。。。");
        JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
        System.out.println(jobDataMap.get("name").toString() + ":" + jobDataMap.get("name2").toString());
   */

    @Override
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
        SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        System.err.println(format.format(new Date())+" : 基于RAM的quartz调度框架定时任务...");

        try {
            Thread.sleep(20*1000);
            System.out.println("模拟正在处理大数据....");
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


    }

结果：不管前一个定时任务的线程是否结束，都会开启下一个线程，依然每10s执行一次；