正点原子STM32cubeide学习——通用定时器输入捕获实验

使用的是正点原子的精英版，单片机是STM32F103ZET6，目的:通过TIM5 CH1(PA0)来捕获按键KEY_UP高电平脉宽时间，通过串口打印出来。

通用定时器输入捕获框图

 捕获/比较通道的输入部分(通道1)

捕获/比较通道1的主电路---输入部分  

 通用定时器输入捕获脉宽测量原理 

 通用定时器输入捕获实战环节 

 当key-up按下不松开的时候，PA0A就会输入一个上升沿的高电平，松开之后变成下降沿低电平，按下到松开的这段时间就是捕获的高电平时间。

下面我们开始操作，复制黏贴串口中断那章的代码，打开图形化配置进行如下配置按照图中配置生成代码即可  

 

 

 

 如果出现打印函数部分有警告在usart.h部分添加头函数声明即可

 

#include "main.h"
#include "tim.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "led.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
uint8_t rising_flag=0;//上升沿标志
uint8_t falling_flag=0;//下降沿标志
uint8_t overflow_val=0;//溢出次数
uint16_t cnt_val=0;//捕获到下降沿，计数器的值
/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
void HAL_TIM_IC_CaptureCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)//输入捕获中断回调函数
{
	if(htim->Instance == TIM5)//判断一下是不是定时器5
	{
		if(falling_flag==0)//下降沿没捕获到，没成功
		{
			/*捕获到下降沿的操作*/
			if (rising_flag==1)//肯定捕获到上升沿，置1
			{
				falling_flag=1;//捕获成功
				cnt_val=HAL_TIM_ReadCapturedValue(htim, TIM_CHANNEL_1);//捕获到下降沿，计数器的值存储到ccr中
				__HAL_TIM_SET_CAPTUREPOLARITY(htim,TIM_CHANNEL_1,TIM_INPUTCHANNELPOLARITY_RISING);//将下降沿改为上升沿（句柄，通道1，上升沿）；
			}
			else
			{
				/*当进入到上升沿捕获时候，全部清零重新计数*/
				rising_flag=0;//上升沿标志
				falling_flag=0;//下降沿标志
				overflow_val=0;//溢出次数
				cnt_val=0;//捕获到下降沿，计数器的值

				/*捕获到上升沿的操作*/
				rising_flag=1;//肯定捕获到上升沿，置1
				__HAL_TIM_DISABLE(htim);//关闭定时器
				__HAL_TIM_SET_COUNTER(htim,0);//清零计数器值
				__HAL_TIM_SET_CAPTUREPOLARITY(htim,TIM_CHANNEL_1,TIM_INPUTCHANNELPOLARITY_FALLING);//将上升沿捕获改为下降沿捕获（句柄，通道1，下降沿）；
				__HAL_TIM_ENABLE(htim);//开启定时器
			}
		}
	}
}
void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)//更新中断回调函数
{
	if(htim->Instance == TIM5)
		{
		if(falling_flag==0)//没有捕获成功才能进入
		{
			if(rising_flag==1)//当捕获到上升沿之后
			{
				if((overflow_val&0XFF)==0XFF)//代表已经溢出，高电平时间太长了，强制捕获成功
				{
					falling_flag=1;//捕获成功把标志位置一
					__HAL_TIM_SET_CAPTUREPOLARITY(htim,TIM_CHANNEL_1,TIM_INPUTCHANNELPOLARITY_RISING);//将下降沿改为上升沿（句柄，通道1，上升沿）；
					cnt_val=0XFFFF;//计数器的值等于最大值
				}
				else
				{
					overflow_val++;//溢出值加一
				}
			}
		}

		}
}
/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
	uint32_t temp=0;//计数器次数
  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  MX_TIM5_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim5);//使能定时器5，开启更新中断
HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(&htim5, TIM_CHANNEL_1);//使能定时器5，通道1的输入捕获，开启输入捕获中断
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {

	  if(falling_flag==1)//捕获成功
	  {
		  /*高电平期间计数器记时的次数*/
		  temp=overflow_val*65536;
		  temp+=cnt_val;
		  printf("高电平的脉宽长度：%ld us\r\n",temp);
		  falling_flag=0;//下降沿标志位清零
		  rising_flag=0;//上升沿标志位清零
	  }

    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

 即可实现通过TIM5 CH1(PA0)来捕获按键KEY_UP高电平脉宽时间，通过串口打印出来。