通讯录1（链表储存版，可保存）

用数组来写通讯录有一个问题就是得事先设定好通讯录的容量。所以，改用链表来储存通讯录，这样节省了内存空间。

#pragma once
#include<cassert>
using namespace std;

typedef struct LNode {
	char *name;
	char *sex;
	char *age;
	char *tel_number;
    struct LNode *next;
	struct LNode(int &len_name, int &len_sex, int &len_age, int &len_tel_number) {
		name = new char[len_name+1];
		sex = new char[len_sex+1];
		age = new char[len_age+1];
		tel_number = new char[len_tel_number+1];
		next = NULL;
	};
}LNode, *pList;

enum DATE { NAME, SEX, AGE, NUMBER };
pList Create(pList node,pList head) {
	if (head == NULL) {
		head = (LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
		head = node;
	}
	else {
		pList tmp = head;
		while (tmp->next)tmp = tmp->next;
		tmp->next = (LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
		tmp->next = node;
	}
	return head;
}
pList Search(const char *name,pList head) {
	if (head == NULL) return NULL;
	pList tmp = head;
	while (tmp->name) {
		if (!strcmp(tmp->name, name)) return tmp;
		tmp = tmp->next;
	}
	return NULL;
}

pList Delete(const char *name,pList head) {
	assert(head);
	pList tmp = head;
	if (!strcmp(name, head->name)) {
		head = head->next;
		delete tmp;
	}
	else {
		while (strcmp(tmp->next->name, name)&&tmp)tmp = tmp->next;
		if (!strcmp(tmp->next->name, name)) {
			pList p = tmp->next;
			tmp->next = tmp->next->next;
			delete p;
		}
	}
	return head;
}

void Change_Messenge(pList p,const char *date, DATE d) {
	int len = strlen(date);
	switch (d)
	{
	case NAME:
		p->name = new char[len + 1];
		strcpy(p->name, date);
		p->name[len] = 0;
		break;
	case SEX:
		p->sex = new char[len + 1];
		strcpy(p->sex, date);
		p->sex[len] = 0;
		break;
	case AGE:
		p->age = new char[len + 1];
		strcpy(p->age, date);
		p->age[len] = 0;
		break;
	case NUMBER:
		p->tel_number = new char[len + 1];
		strcpy(p->tel_number, date);
		p->tel_number[len] = 0;
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}
}

pList Create_Node(const char *name, const char *sex, const char *age, const char *num) {
	pList node;
	node = (LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
	node->next = NULL;
	int len_name = strlen(name);
	int len_sex = strlen(sex);
	int len_age = strlen(age);
	int len_num = strlen(num);
	node->name = new char[len_name + 1];
	node->sex = new char[len_sex+1];
	node->age = new char[len_age+1];
	node->tel_number = new char[len_num+1];
	strcpy(node->name, name);
	strcpy(node->sex, sex);
	strcpy(node->age, age);
	strcpy(node->tel_number, num);
	node->name[len_name]=0;
	node->sex[len_sex]=0;
	node->age [len_age]=0;
	node->tel_number[len_num]=0;
	return node;
}

void Destroy(pList head) {
	assert(head);
	while (head) {
		pList tmp = head;
		head = head->next;
		delete tmp;
	}
}

#include<iostream>
#include"list.h"
#include<string>

pList push_date(pList book) {           //往通讯录中添加新成员  
	pList node;
	node = (LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
	node->next = NULL;
	cout << "请输入名字：";
	string name;
	cin >> name;
	cout << "请输入性别：";
	string sex;
	cin >> sex;
	cout << "请输入年龄：";
	string age;
	cin >> age;
	cout << "请输入号码：";
	string num;
	cin >> num;
	const char *c_n = name.c_str();
	const char *c_s = sex.c_str();
	const char *c_a = age.c_str();
	const char *c_num = num.c_str();
	node=Create_Node(c_n, c_s, c_a, c_num);
	book=Create(node, book);
	return book;
}


void traverse_book(pList p) {            //遍历通讯录  
	if (!p) cout << "这是一个空的通讯录" << endl;
	else {
		while (p) {
			cout << "---------------" << endl;
			cout << "姓名：" << p->name << endl;
			cout << "性别：" << p->sex << endl;
			cout << "年龄：" << p->age << endl;
			cout << "号码：" << p->tel_number << endl;
			cout << "---------------" << endl;
			p = p->next;
		}
	}
}

int choice1() {                    //修改要修改的信息  
	int choice;
	cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
	cout << "请输入你需要修改的数据：" << endl;
	cout << "0.退出" << endl;
	cout << "1.改名字" << endl;
	cout << "2.改性别" << endl;
	cout << "3.改年龄" << endl;
	cout << "4.改号码" << endl;
	cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
	cout << "您的选择：";
	cin >> choice;
	return choice;
}

int choice2() {                  //选择对通讯录进行的操作  
	int choice;
	cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
	cout << "请输入你需要对通讯录进行的操作：" << endl;
	cout << "0.退出" << endl;
	cout << "1.插入" << endl;
	cout << "2.查找" << endl;
	cout << "3.修改" << endl;
	cout << "4.删除" << endl;
	cout << "5.显示整个通讯录" << endl;
	cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
	cout << "您的选择：";
	cin >> choice;
	return choice;
}

pList Read_file(pList head) {                  //读取存储在文件里面的信息  
	char line[1024];
	int len;
	FILE *f;
	f = fopen("通讯录.txt", "r");
	int i = 0;
	pList node;
	while (fgets(line, 1024, f)) {
		if (i == 0) {
			node = (LNode *)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
			node->next = NULL;
		}
		len = strlen(line);
		line[len-1] = 0;
		if (i == 0) {
			node->name = new char[len];
			strcpy(node->name, line);
		}
		else if (i == 1) {
			node->sex = new char[len];
			strcpy(node->sex, line);
		}
		else if (i == 2) {
			node->age = new char[len];
			strcpy(node->age, line);
		}
		else if (i == 3) {
			node->tel_number = new char[len];
			strcpy(node->tel_number, line);
		}
		++i;
		if (!(i % 4)) { head=Create(node, head); }
		i = i % 4;
	}
	fclose(f);
	return head;
}

void Save_file(pList book) {              //保持信息
	pList p = book;
	FILE *f;
	f = fopen("通讯录.txt", "w");
	while (p) {
		fputs(p->name, f);
		fputs("\n", f);
		fputs(p->sex, f);
		fputs("\n", f);
		fputs(p->age, f);
		fputs("\n", f);
		fputs(p->tel_number, f);
		if(p->next)fputs("\n", f);
		p = p->next;
	}
	fclose(f);
}

void test() {                       //测试  
	pList book;
	book = NULL;
	book=Read_file(book);
	while (1) {
		int choice = choice2();
		switch (choice) {
		case 0: {
			Save_file(book);
			Destroy(book);
			return;
		}
		case 1: {
			book=push_date(book);
			cout << "成功" << endl;
		}break;
		case 2: {
			pList pos;
			string name;
			cout << "请输入你要查找人的名字：";
			cin >> name;
			const char *p = name.c_str();
			pos = Search(p, book);
			cout << "---------------" << endl;
			cout << "姓名：" << pos->name << endl;
			cout << "性别：" << pos->sex << endl;
			cout << "年龄：" << pos->age << endl;
			cout << "号码：" << pos->tel_number << endl;
		}break;
		case 3: {
			pList pos;
			string name;
			cout << "请输入你要查找人的名字：";
			cin >> name;
			const char *p = name.c_str();
			pos = Search(p, book);
			DATE date;
			switch (choice1()){
			case 1:date = NAME; break;
			case 2:date = SEX; break;
			case 3:date = AGE; break;
			case 4:date = NUMBER; break;
			default:
				break;
			}
			string str;
			cout << "请输入要修改的内容：";
			cin >> str;
			const char *p1 = str.c_str();
			Change_Messenge(pos, p1, date);
			cout << "修改成功" << endl;
		}break;
		case 4: {
			pList pos;
			string name;
			cout << "请输入你要查找人的名字：";
			cin >> name;
			const char *p = name.c_str();
			book=Delete(p, book);
		}break;
		case 5: {
			traverse_book(book);
		}break;
		}
	}
}

void main() {
	test();
	system("pause");
}